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تأثیر محلولپاشی سیلیکات پتاسیم بر خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی Solidago virgaurea L. تحت تنش شوری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 41، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 124، تیر 1404، صفحه 183-200 اصل مقاله (1.1 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2024.364831.3420 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| نسرین بیابانی؛ وحید عبدوسی* ؛ مرضیه قنبری جهرمی | ||
| گروه علوم باغی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: شوری، یکی از مهمترین تنشهای غیرزیستی است که تولید محصولات کشاورزی را کاهش میدهد و معمولاً با استرس اکسیداتیو به دلیل تولید گونه‌های اکسیژن فعال (ROS) همراه است. استفاده از ترکیب‌های محرک رشد به منظور کاهش اثر تنشهای محیطی در گیاهان اهمیت خاصی دارد. منابع سیلیسیم مانند سیلیکات پتاسیم نقش مهمی در تعدیل تنش شوری در گیاهان دارد. سیلیکات پتاسیم با افزایش مقاومت گیاهان در برابر تنش شوری، می‌تواند به بهبود رشد و عملکرد گیاهان در مناطق با خاک‌های شور کمک کند. این ترکیب‌ها موجب تعادل یونی در سلول‌ها در شرایط نامساعد شده و با بهبود جذب و نگهداری آب در گیاه، نشت یونی و اثر منفی تنش شوری را کاهش می‌دهند. مواد و روشها: این تحقیق به منظور بررسی تأثیر سیلیکات پتاسیم بر رشد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی علف طلایی به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با فاکتور تنش شوری در سه سطح (0، 60 و 120 میلیمولار کلرید سدیم) و محلولپاشی با سیلیکات پتاسیم در سه سطح (0، 50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر) در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. محلولپاشی سه بار با فواصل 15 روز اعمال گردید. اولین محلولپاشی در مرحله 4 برگی و پس از دومین مرحله محلولپاشی برگی، تنش شوری با حجم 200 میلیلیتر از محلول کلرید سدیم برای هر گلدان به مدت 40 روز انجام گردید. به منظور عدم تجمع نمک در گلدانها، بعد از هر 4 مرتبه آبیاری با آب شور تمامی گلدانها یکبار با آب (بدون شوری) آبشویی شدند. متغیرهای مورفولوژیکی مورد بررسی شامل وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی و ریشه و ارتفاع بوته و سایر صفات شامل رنگیزههای گیاهی (کلروفیل a، b و کل)، محتوای نسبی آب برگ، میزان نشت یونی، پرولین میزان جذب سدیم و پتاسیم ریشه و اندام هوایی بود که در اواسط دوره گلدهی علف طلایی، اندازهگیری گردیدند. نتایج: تنش شوری سبب کاهش عملکرد و سیلیکات پتاسیم سبب تعدیل اثرهای منفی تنش شوری و بهبود شرایط رشد گیاه شد. ارزیابیها نشان داد که شوری 120 میلیمولار سبب کاهش وزن تر اندام هوایی (28 درصد)، وزن خشک اندام هوایی (29 درصد)، وزن تر ریشه (38 درصد)، وزن خشک ریشه (37 درصد)، کلروفیل کل (40 درصد)، محتوای نسبی آب برگ (17 درصد)، پتاسیم ریشه (14 درصد) و پتاسیم برگ (16 درصد) و باعث افزایش نشت یونی (23 درصد)، پرولین (13 درصد)، سدیم ریشه (256 درصد) و سدیم برگ (325 درصد) شد. سیلیکات پتاسیم به‌ویژه 100 میلیگرم در لیتر آن سبب تعدیل تنش شوری با افزایش وزن گیاه، کلروفیل، محتوای آب برگ و پتاسیم برگ و ریشه و کاهش تجمع سدیم در برگ و ریشه و نشت یونی گردید. نتیجهگیری: نتایج کلی تحقیق نشان داد که افزایش شدت تنش شوری بر روی خصوصیات رشدی و عملکردی گیاه علف طلایی تاثیر منفی داشته و سیلیکات پتاسیم در حجم 50 تا 100 میلیمولار سبب تعدیل تنش شوری با افزایش عملکرد کمی و کیفی (بیوشیمیایی و فیتوشیمیایی) علف طلایی خواهد شد. از این‌رو، برای کشت گیاه علف طلایی باید توجه نمود آب و یا خاک مورد استفاده دارای املاحی مانند سدیم و کلر نباشد و یا از اصلاحکنندههای خاک و یا محرکهای رشد برای تولید و کشت و پرورش این گیاه استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش شوری؛ پرولین؛ محرک رشد؛ علف طلایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of potassium silicate foliar application on phytochemical, morphological, and physiological characteristics of Solidago virgaurea L. under salt stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Nasrin Biyabani؛ Vahid Abdossi؛ Marziyeh Ghanbari Jahromi | ||
| Department of Horticultural Science and Agronomy, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Salinity stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that impede agricultural production. It is often accompanied by oxidative stress due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitigating the effects of environmental stress on plants through the use of growth-promoting compounds is of particular importance. In this context, silicon sources, such as potassium silicate, play a critical role in modulating salinity stress in plants. By enhancing plant resistance to salt stress, potassium silicate can contribute to improved growth and performance in areas with saline soils. These compounds promote cellular ion balance under adverse conditions and improve water uptake and retention in plants, thereby reducing ion leakage and the detrimental effects of salinity stress. Methodology: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of potassium silicate on the growth and physiological and biochemical characteristics of goldenrod in a factorial design based on a completely randomized design with the factor of salinity stress at three levels (0, 60, and 120 mM) and foliar application of potassium silicate at three levels (0, 50, and 100 mg/l) under greenhouse conditions. Foliar application was carried out three times at 15-day intervals. The first foliar application was performed at the 4-leaf stage. After the second foliar application, salinity stress was induced by applying 200 milliliters of sodium chloride solution to each pot for 40 days. To prevent salt accumulation in the pots, all pots were rinsed with non-saline water after every 4 irrigations with saline water. The morphological variables investigated include wet and dry weight of shoots and roots and plant height and other traits including plant pigments (chlorophyll a, b and total), relative leaf water content, ion leakage rate, proline, sodium and potassium absorption rate of roots and it was the aerial parts that were measured in the middle of the golden grass flowering period. Results: Salinity stress caused yield reduction, and potassium silicate moderated the negative effects of salinity stress and improved plant growth conditions. The evaluations showed that the salinity of 120 mM caused a decrease in the fresh weight of shoot (28%), dry weight of shoot (29%), fresh weight of root (38%), dry weight of root (37%), total chlorophyll (40%), the relative content of leaf water (17%), root potassium (14%) and leaf potassium (16%) and increased ion leakage (23%), proline (13%), root sodium (256%), sodium leaves (325%). Potassium silicate, especially 100 mg/l, moderated salinity stress by increasing plant weight, chlorophyll, leaf water, and potassium content in leaves and roots and reducing sodium accumulation in leaves and roots and ion leakage. Conclusion: The general results of the research showed that increasing the intensity of salinity stress had negative effects on the growth and functional characteristics of golden grass and potassium silicate in the volume of 50 to 100 mM caused the adjustment of salinity stress by increasing the quantitative and qualitative performance (biochemical and phytochemical) of golden grass. Therefore, to cultivate the golden grass plant, it should be noted that the water or soil used does not contain salts such as sodium and chlorine, or soil conditioners or growth stimulants should be used for the production and cultivation of this plant. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Salinity stress, proline, growth promoter, golden grass | ||
| مراجع | ||
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آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 268 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 15 |
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