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راهبردهای سازگاری بهره‌برداران ترکمن در مواجهه با تغییر اقلیم (مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز قره‌دونگ استان گلستان) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 31، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 94، مرداد 1403، صفحه 149-168 اصل مقاله (930.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2024.131789 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مریم کاویانپور1؛ سیده خدیجه مهدوی2؛ محمدرضا شهرکی3؛ یاسر قاسمی آریان* 4 | ||
| 1کارشناس ارشد مدیریت مرتع، واحد نور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نور، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه منابع طبیعی، واحد نور، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نور، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان گلستان | ||
| 4استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات بیابان، موسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف با توجه به رخداد تغییرات اقلیمی در دهه‌های اخیر، سیستم‌های دامداری سنتی متکی به مراتع با چالش جدی مواجه شده‌اند. در این راستا، استفاده از راهبردهای سازگاری، به عنوان راهکاری برای کاهش میزان آسیب‌پذیری بهره‌برداران مرتعی ضرورت پیدا می‌کند. این تحقیق به بررسی راهبردهای سازگاری بهره‌برداران ترکمن در مواجهه با تغییر اقلیم منطقه قره‌دونگ استان گلستان پرداخته است. مواد و روش‌ها این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی بوده که با فَن پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق 249 بهره‌بردار از 7 سامان عرفی در منطقه قره‌دونگ استان گلستان بوده که 148 نفر از آنها براساس جدول کرجسی مورگان به عنوان حجم نمونه به روش طبقه‌ای تصادفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش تحقیق، پرسش‌نامه محقق‌ساخت بود. روایی محتوایی پرسش‌نامه با استفاده از نظرات کارشناسان تخصصی مرتع‌داری و پایایی آن با محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. نتایج نتایج نشان داد که میزان سازگاری بهره‌برداران در مواجهه با تغییر اقلیم، متوسط رو به زیاد است. یافته‌ها حکایت از آن دارد که تفاوت معنی‌داری در استفاده از راهبردهای سازگاری با تغییرات اقلیم در بین بهره‌برداران وجود دارد. به‌طوری‌که راهبردهای ترکیبی- توسعه‌ای، پس‌انداز و صرفه‌جویی و اضطراری، بیشترین راهبردهای مورد استفاده تشخیص داده شد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد بین متغیرهای سابقه دامداری و میزان درآمد حاصل از آن در سطح 99 درصد اطمینان و متغیرهای سن، تعداد اعضای خانوار و میزان درآمد حاصل از مشاغل غیردامداری در سطح 95 درصد اطمینان با میزان سازگاری بهره‌برداران در برخورد با تغییرات اقلیم رابطه مثبت و معنی‌دار وجود دارد. نتیجه‌گیری وابستگی معیشتی بهره‌برداران به مرتع و تک‌بُعدی بودن منبع اقتصادی بیشتر آنها باعث می‌شود تا ادامه روند تغییرات اقلیمی، میزان آسیب‌پذیری آنها را افزایش دهد. از این‌رو اتخاذ فعالیت‌های جدید در قالب تنوع‌بخشی به منابع درآمدی و ایجاد فرصت‌های شغلی جایگزین و استفاده چندمنظوره از مراتع، سازگاری بیشتر بهره‌برداران با تغییرات اقلیمی را به همراه خواهد داشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| غییر اقلیم؛ محدودیت سازگاری؛ آسیب‌پذیری؛ بهره‌بردار مرتع؛ قره‌دونگ | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating Adaptation Strategies of Turkmen Pastoralists in the Face of Climate Change (Case Study: Qaradong Watershed of Golestan Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Maryam Kavianpour1؛ Seyedeh Khadije Mahdavi2؛ Mohammadreza Shahraki3؛ Yaser GHasemi Arian4 | ||
| 1MSc, Range Management, Nour Branch, Islamic Azad University, Nour, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources, Nour Branch, Islamic Azad University, Nour. Iran | ||
| 3Expert of the General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management of Golestan Province | ||
| 4Assistant Professor, Desert Research Division, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and purpose: Due to the occurrence of climate changes in recent decades, traditional animal husbandry systems based on rangelands have faced serious challenges. In this regard, the use of adaptation strategies is necessary as a solution to reduce the vulnerability of rangeland users. The present research has investigated the adaptation strategies of Turkmen pastoralists in the face of climate change in the Qaradong region of Golestan province. Materials and methods: This research is descriptive and has been carried out using a survey method. The research statistical population consists of 249 beneficiaries from 7 local communities in the Qaradong region of Golestan province, of which 148 people were selected as the sample size based on the Krejcie and Morgan table using a stratified random sampling method. The measuring tool of the research was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using the opinions of rangeland experts, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: The results showed that the degree of pastoralists' adaptation in the face of climate change is moderate to high. The findings indicate that there are significant differences in the use of climate change adaptation strategies among the pastoralists. Thus, combined-developmental, saving, correct consumption, and emergency strategies were identified as the most used strategies. Also, the results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between adaptation of pastoralists in dealing with climate change with the history of livestock pastoralism and the amount of income derived from it at the 99% confidence level and also with the variables of age, the number of household members, and the amount of income from non-livestock occupations at the 95% confidence level. Conclusion: The livelihoods of the pastoralists are heavily dependent on the rangelands, and many of them have only one economic source. This causes the continuation of the climate change process to increase their vulnerability. Therefore, adopting new activities in the form of diversifying income sources and creating alternative livelihood opportunities, as well as multi-purpose use of rangelands, will bring more adaptability of pastoralists to climate changes. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Climate Change, Adaptation Limitation, Vulnerability, Rangeland Beneficiaries, Qaradong | ||
| مراجع | ||
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