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مقایسه تراکـم جمعیـت برگخوار "Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)" و خرطوم بلند "Lixus incanescens Boh."، در کشت بذری و نشایی چغندرقند | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 39، شماره 2، مهر 1402، صفحه 223-232 اصل مقاله (721.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2024.365239.1350 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد جواد ارده* 1؛ سمیه اله ویسی2؛ مریم فروزان3؛ ولی اله یوسف آبادی4؛ محمدتقی توحیدی5؛ حیدر عزیزی6 | ||
| 1Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection No. 1, Yaman (Tabnak) St., Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان همدان، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی همدان، ایران همدان | ||
| 3استادیار پژوهش مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار پژوهشی مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند- سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 5بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کرمانشاه، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرمانشاه، | ||
| 6استادیار مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجانغربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در سالهای اخیر تغییر الگوی کشت در چغندرقند، از بذری به نشایی، با هدف صرفهجویی در مصرف آب آبیاری، مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این تحقیق تراکم جمعیت برگخوار "Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)" و خرطومبلند"Lixus incanescens Boh.” ، در کشت بذری و نشایی چغندرقند در شهرستانهای سه استان همدان، آذربایجانغربی و کرمانشاه مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نمونهبرداریها از مرحله شش برگی، برای کشت بذری و یک هفته بعد از انتقال نشاها به مزرعه، برای کشت صورت گرفت. برای این منظور از هر نوع کشت10 نقطه بهطور تصادفی انتخاب و وجود آفات فوق با روش کادراندازی بهطور هفتگی (طی هشت هفته)، ثبت شد. مقایسه دادهها با روش غیرپارامتری (Kruskal-Wallis) نشان داد که بین تراکم جمعیت برگخوار در استان همدان در کشت بذری و کشت نشایی برای سال اول بهترتیب 50/4 و 29/1 و برای سال دوم 98/6 و 81/8 لارو در هر مترمربع بود که در سطح یک درصد (X2(3)=11.515 وP=0.009)، اختلاف معنیدار داشتند. در استان آذربایجانغربی برای سال اول 20/1 و 84/1 و برای سال دوم 59/0 و 67/1 لارو در مترمربع بود که در سطح پنج درصد (X2(3)=10.491 و P=0.015) تفاوت معنیدار وجود داشت، اما برای استان کرمانشاه تفاوتی معنیداری بین دو نوع کشت وجود نداشت (X2(3)=6.326 و P=0.097). در حالیکه برای جمعیت سرخرطومی در استان همدان بهترتیب در سال اول 1/80 و 1/79 و در سال دوم 7/88 و 6/91 حشره کامل در مترمربع بود و اختلاف معنیدار در سطح یک درصد دیده شد (X2(3)=15.610 وP=0.0014). اما برای دو استان دیگر اختلاف معنیدار بین تعداد حشرات کامل سرخرطومی در مترمربع وجود نداشت (برای آذربایجانغربی X2(3)=3.203 و P=0.361 و برای کرمانشاه X2(3)=2.597و P=0.458). در مجموع میتوان گفت که تراکم این دو آفت در مزارع فوق در طی دو سال مورد بررسی، تحت تأثیر روش کشت نبود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| الگوی کشت؛ چغندرقند؛ خسارت آفات؛ مدیریت آفات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Comparison of population density of "Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)" and "LixusincanescensBoh." in seed and seedling cultivation of sugar beet | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| mohammad javad ardeh1؛ somaye allahvaisi2؛ Marya .Forouzan3؛ valiollah yosefabadi4؛ Mohammad Taghi Tohidi5؛ Heydar Azizi6 | ||
| 1Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection No. 1, Yaman (Tabnak) St., Chamran Highway, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant professor Plant Protection Research Department, Hamedan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, (AREEOA), Hamedan, Iran | ||
| 3Associated professor in Plant Protection Research Department, West Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, (AREEOA ), West Azarbaijan, Iran. | ||
| 4assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI) - Agricultural Research Education and Extension, Karaj,Iran | ||
| 52- Plant Protection Research Department, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| 6Assistant Professor of Sugar Beet Research Department, West Azarbayjan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (ARREO). Urmia, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In recent years, variation in the pattern of sugar beet cultivation from seed planting to the seedling planting, with the aim of saving irrigation consumption, has been remarkably considered. In this study, the population density of armyworm "Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)" and long-stemmed weevil "Lixus incanescens Boh." was evaluated in both seed and seedling planting methods in sugar beet fields in three cities of Hamdan, West Azarbaijan and Kermanshah. Sampling was performed from the 6-leaf stage in seed planting and one week after transplanting the seedlings to the field for seedling planting. From this purpose, 10 points were randomly selected from each type of planting methods by quadrat and the presence of the above pests was recorded weekly (for eight weeks). Comparing the data with the non-parametric method (Kruskal-Wallis) showed that the mean population density of armyworm in Hamadan province for seed and seedling were 4.50 and 1.29 larvae/m2, respectively for the first year, and 6.98 and 8.81, larvae/m2, respectively for the second year with significant difference (X2(3)=11.515 and P=0.009). In West Azarbaijan province, the means of larvae/m2 were 1.20 and 1.84 for seed and seedling planting in the first year and 0.59 and 1.67 for seed and seedling planting for the second year, respectively (X2(3)=10.491 and P=0.015), but no difference for the Kermanshah data (X2(3)=6.326 and P=0.097). While the mean population density of the sugar beet weevil in Hamedan provincewere1.80 and 1.79 adults/m2 for seed and seedling planting in the first year, and 7.88 and 6.91 adult/m2 for seed and seedling planting in the second year, respectively (X2(3)=15.610 and P=0.0014). However, no significant difference was observed for sugar beet weevil for the other two provinces (for West Azerbaijan X2(3)=3.203 and P=0.361 and for Kermanshah X2(3)=2.597 and P=0.458). In general, it can be said that the density of these two pests in the fields during the two years of evaluation was not affected by the planting method, however other indicators including environmental conditions are more effective on their density | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Pest damage, pest management, planting pattern, sugar beet | ||
| مراجع | ||
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