| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,029 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,888 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,264,243 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 60,936,362 |
اثر محلول‌پاشی نانو ذره کلسیم بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) تحت تنش شوری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| دوره 40، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 120، تیر 1403، صفحه 415-400 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2024.131551 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهیار گرامی* 1؛ داوود اکبری نودهی2؛ محدثه امیری3؛ عماد درواخ4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه غیرانتفاعی سنا | ||
| 2دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قائمشهر | ||
| 3گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان | ||
| 4مؤسسه آموزش عالی سنا | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: امروزه به دلیل آشکار شدن اثرهای سوء مصرف داروهای شیمیایی برای بیشتر مصرف‌کنندگان، تمایل به مصرف گیاهان دارویی افزایش قابل ملاحظه‌ای یافته است. ریحان (Ocimum basilicum L.) یکی از مهمترین گیاهان دارویی است که به دلیل داشتن متابولیت‌های ثانویه با ارزش و مهمی مانند اسانس‌ها در صنایع مختلف داروسازی بسیار مورد توجه است، اما شوری خطری جدی برای تولید آن محسوب می‌شود. شوری آب و خاک از مهمترین عوامل محدود کننده در تولید محصول هستند. با افزایش شوری خاک، فشار اسمزی افزایش یافته و گیاه برای جذب مقدار معینی آب، باید انرژی حیاتی بیشتری مصرف کند. افزایش تحمل به شوری گیاهان برای تولید غذای پایدار به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک ضروری است و می‌تواند نیاز آبشویی و هزینه‌های تولید را کاهش دهد. از آنجایی‌که استفاده از نانوذرات کلسیم سبب افزایش کارایی مصرف عناصر غذایی، کاهش سمّیت خاک، به حداقل رساندن اثرهای منفی ناشی از مصرف بیش از حد کود و کاهش تعداد دفعات کاربرد کود می‌گردد، این مطالعه به بررسی اثر نانوذره کلسیم بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان تحت شرایط تنش شوری پرداخت. مواد و روش‌ها: تیمار نانوذره کلسیم در پنج سطح به صورت محلول‌پاشی با غلظت‌های 0، 0.25، 0.5، 1 و 1.5 گرم بر لیتر و تیمار شوری با غلظت‌های 0، 75 و 150 میلی‌مولار کلرید سدیم به همراه محلول هوگلند در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در محیط گلخانه به گیاهان داده شد. برخی خصوصیات رشدی مانند ارتفاع، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، وزن تر و وزن خشک گیاه اندازه‌گیری شدند. برخی خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی مانند فلاونویید، قند محلول، مقدار آنتوسیانین، میزان آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدان مانند کاتالاز و پراکسیداز، مقدار کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b، کلروفیل کل و مقدار کاروتنویید نیز اندازه‌گیری گردیدند. برای مقایسه میانگین‌ها از آزمون حداقل اختلاف معنی‌دار در نرم‌افزار SAS استفاده شد. نتایج: نتایج آنالیز واریانس اثر کلسیم بر بیشتر صفات مورفولوژیک معنی‌دار بود. سطوح مختلف شوری نیز به تنهایی اثر معنی‌داری بر صفات مورد مطالعه داشت (1%>p). طبق مقایسه میانگین اثر ساده کلسیم بر رنگیزه‌های کلروفیلی، با افزایش سطح کلسیم، رنگیزه‌های کلروفیلی افزایش و فتوسنتز بهبود یافت. اثر ساده سطوح مختلف شوری بر روی برخی صفات (فنل، قند محلول، آنزیم پراکسیداز و آنتوسیانین) نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری سبب افزایش مقدار صفات مورد مطالعه گردید، به گونه‌ای که در غلظت 150 میلی‌مولار شوری مقدار فنل با 8.02 میلی‌گرم گالیک‌اسید بر گرم وزن خشک نسبت به نمونه شاهد (5.10 میلی‌گرم) بیشترین مقدار را نشان داد. همچنین در این غلظت شوری، مقدار قند محلول با 139.9 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک نسبت به نمونه شاهد با 110.9 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک بیشترین مقدار را داشت. اثر متقابل کلسیم و شوری تنها بر محتوای کلروفیلی، مقدار فلاونویید‌ها و کاتالاز معنی‌دار بود (1%>p). نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش بیانگر این مطلب بود که صفات فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه ریحان تحت تأثیر تنش شوری قرار گرفتند و کلسیم در برهم‌کنش با تنش شوری سبب کاهش اثرهای مخرب تنش شوری شد. بنابراین، برای بهبود عملکرد گیاه ریحان در شرایط تنش شوری، محلول‌پاشی نانوکود کلسیم در غلظت‌های مطلوب پیشنهاد می‌گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گیاه دارویی؛ نانوکود؛ پتانسیل اسمزی؛ تحمل به شوری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of calcium nano-paticle on some physiologic and biochemical characteristics of Ocimum basilicum L. under salinity stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| M. Gerami1؛ D. Akbari Nodehi2؛ M. Amiri3؛ E. Darvakh4 | ||
| 1Sana Institute of Higher Education | ||
| 2Islamic Azad University of Qaemshahr Branch | ||
| 3Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology | ||
| 4Sana Institute of Higher Education | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and objectives: Nowadays, due to the revelation of the harmful effects of chemical drugs for most users, the desire to use medicinal plants has increased significantly. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the most important medicinal plants of great interest in various pharmaceutical industries due to its valuable and vital secondary metabolites, such as essential oil. However, salinity is considered a major constraint for its productivity. Soil and irrigation water salinity is a major constraint for crop production. In salinity-rich soils, the osmotic pressure increases, and the plant must burn more vital energy to absorb water. Increasing the salinity tolerance of plants for sustainable food production, especially in arid and semi-arid regions, can reduce the need for irrigation and, thus, production costs. Since using calcium nanoparticles increases nutrient utilization efficiency, reducing soil toxicity, minimizing the adverse effects of over-fertilization and reducing the frequency of fertilizer application, the present study investigates the effect of calcium nanoparticles on physiologic and biochemical properties of basil medicinal plant under salinity stress. Materials and Methods: The plants were treated with calcium nanoparticles in five levels by spraying with concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/l and salt concentrations of 0.75 and 150 mM along with Hoagland solution in a completely randomized design in a greenhouse environment with three replications. Some growth characteristics such as height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry weight, amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content of the plant were measured. Some biochemical characteristics such as flavonoid, soluble sugar, anthocyanin content and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and peroxidase were also measured. The least significant difference (LST) test was used to compare the means in SAS software. Results: The results of ANOVA showed a significant effect of calcium nanoparticles on most morphological traits. Also, different salinity levels alone significantly affected the studied traits (p<0.01). Following the reduction of the osmotic potential of the soil solution due to salinity stress, water absorption decreases and as a result of stomata closing, the photosynthesis and respiration decrease. The mean comparison of the simple effect of calcium nanoparticles on chlorophyll pigments showed that with increasing the nanoparticle level, chlorophyll content increased, and as a result, photosynthesis improved. The simple effect of different salinity levels on some traits (phenol, soluble sugar, peroxidase enzyme and anthocyanin) showed that increasing the salinity level caused an increase in these traits. So, at the concentration of 150 mM salinity, phenol content with 8.02 mg of gallic acid per g of dry weight showed the highest amount compared to the control sample of 10.5 mg. Also, the soluble sugar content was the highest at this salinity concentration, with 139.9 mg/g dry weight, compared to the control, with 110.9 mg/g dry weight. The interaction effect of calcium nanoparticles and salinity on basil's morphological characteristics and carotenoid content was insignificant. However, it was significant in the chlorophyll content, the amount of flavonoids and catalase (p<0.01). In fact, with nano fertilizers, the plant can absorb more nutrients, and while reducing the leaching of elements, the yield of the product increases. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Basil were affected by salinity stress, and the interaction of nano calcium with salinity stress reduced the effects of salinity stress. Therefore, spraying the nano-fertilizer in an appropriate concentration is suggested to improve the yield of basil in salinity stress conditions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Medicinal plant, nanofertilizer, osmotic potential, tolerance to salinity | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abdel-Hakim, S.G., Shehata, A.S.A., Moghannem, S.A., Qadri, M., El-Ghany, M.F.A., Abdeldaym, E.A. and Darwish, O.S., 2023. Nanoparticulate fertilizers increase nutrient absorption efficiency and agro-physiological properties of Lettuce plant. Agronomy, 13(3): 691-810. - Aghaei, F., Seyed sharifi, R. and Narimani, H., 2020. Effects of uniconazole, mycorhyza and psedumonas on antioxidant enzymes cctivity and some compatible osmolites of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under soil salinity conditions. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 12(3): 87-104. - Al-Snafi, A.E., 2021. Chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ocimum basilicum- A review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 13: 2997-3013. - Amiri, H., Banakar, M.H., Ranjbar, G.H. and Sarafraz Ardakani, M.R., 2020. Determination of salt tolerance threshold and effects of using saline water on grain yield and yield components of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum L.). Iranian Journal of Plant Process and Function, 9(39): 289-310. - Amirjani, M.R., 2011. Effect of salt stress on different protochlorophyllide forms of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Iranian Journal of Cell and Tissue, 2(2): 135-145. - Archangi, A. and Khodambashi, M., 2014. Effects of salinity stress on morphological characteristics, essential oil content and ion accumulation in basil (Ocimum basilicum) plant under hydroponic conditions. Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture, 5(17): 125-138. - Arnon, D.I., 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts: Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiology, 24: 1-15. - Arvin, P., 2015. Effect of gibberellin on some morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments content and proline in savory (Satureja hortensis L.) under salinity stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Crop Production Research, 7(2): 89-104. - Azizi, E., Mirbolook, A. and Behdad, A., 2017. The effect of different concentrations of nano-molybdenum and calcium fertilizers on growth parameters and nodulation of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Iranian Journal of Crop Production, 9(4): 179-199. - Badihi, L., Gerami, M., Akbarinodeh, D., Shokrzadeh, M. and Ramezani, M., 2021. Physio-chemical responses of exogenous calcium nanoparticle and putrescine polyamine in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.). Iranian Journal of Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 27: 119-133. - Bandehagh, A., Alipour Ghorbani, Sh., Toorchi, M. and Shokri Gharelo, R., 2018. Proteomic profiling analysis of canola seed under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Plant Research, 31(2): 291-302. - Cacmak, I. and Horst, W., 1991. Effect of aluminum on lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase activities in root tip soybean. Plant Physiology, 83: 463-468. - Carmona, F.J., Guagliardi, A. and Masciocchi, N., 2022. Nanosized calcium phosphates as novel macronutrient nano-fertilizers. Nanomaterials, 12: 2709. - Chang, C., Yang, M., Wen, H. and Chern, J., 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Food Drug Analaysis, 10: 178-182. - Chehregani Rad, A., Khorzaman, A., LariYazdi, H. and Shirkhani, Z., 2016. Changes in growth characteristics and physiological indices in Zn-stressed Phaseolus vulgaris plants on hydroponic medium. Iranian Journal of Developmental Biology, 8(2): 31-39. - Dashti, H., Taj Abadi Pour, A., Shirani, H. and Naghavi, M.R., 2011. Evaluation of wheat germplasm in response to salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Field Crop Science, 41(4): 655-664. - Farhadi, H., Azizi, M. and Nemati, S.H., 2015. Effect of salinity stress on morphological and proline content of eight landraces fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.). Iranian Journal of Field Crop Research, 13(2): 411-419. - Firoozeh, R., Khavarinejad, R., Najafi, F. and Saadatmand, S., 2019. Effects of gibberellin on contents of photosynthetic pigments, proline, phenol and flavonoid in savory plants (Satureja hortensis L.) under salt stress. Iranian Journal of Plant Research, 31(4): 894-908. - Gerami, M., Mohammadian, A. and Akbarpour, V., 2019. The effect of putrescine and salicylic acid on physiological characteristics and antioxidant in Stevia rebaudiana B. under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Crop Breeding, 11(29): 40-54. - Ghahremani, A., Akbari, K., Yousefpour, M. and Ardalani, H., 2014. Effects of nano-potassium and nano-calcium chelated fertilizers on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Ocimum basilicum. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars, 3(1-2): 235-241. - Gholami, A., Abaspour, H., Gerami, M. and Ghorbani, A., 2016. The effect of Nano Fe-chelate foliar application on growth and physiological characteristics in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under salt stress. Iranian Journal of Ecophysiology and Phytochemistry of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 8(2): 117-133. - Hoagland, D.R. and Arnon, D.I., 1950. The Water-Culture Method for Growing Plants without Soil. California Agricultural Experiment Station, 347: 32p. - In, B.C., Motomura, S., Inamoto, K., Doi, M. and Mori, G., 2007. Multivariente analysis of realation between preharvest environmental factors, postharvest morphological and physiological factors and vase life of cut Asomi Red Roses. Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 76: 66-72. - Jafari, T., Iranbakhsh, A., kamali, K., Daneshmand, F. and S.E. Seifati, 2021. Effect of salinity stress levels on some growth parameters, mineral ion concentration, osmolytes, non-enzymatic antioxidants and phenylalanine ammonialyase activity in three genotypes of (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Iranian Journal of New Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, 12(45): 63-85. - Jahani, S., Lahouti, M. and Jahani, M., 2014. Investigation Na+-Ca2+ interaction on biomass and enzymes activity of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase in leaf of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Iranian Journal of Crop physiology, 5(20): 15-24. - Kafi, M., Nabati, J., Zare Mehrjerdi, M., Goldani, M., Khaninejad, S., Keshmiri, E. and Norooziyan, A., 2013. Effect of calcium and potassium on amelioration of negative effects of salinity on some physiological characteristics Kochia (Kochia scoparia). Iranian Journal of Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 5(2): 181-192. - Kalteh, M., Taj Alipour, Z., Ashraf, S., Marashi Aliabadi, M. and Falah Nosratabadi, A., 2014. Effect of silica nanoparticles on Basil (Ocimum basilicum) under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 4(3): 49-55. - Kheshti, M., Malekmohammad, K. and Gholampour, F., 2022. Study of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and its mechanism of action on type 2 diabetes. Journal of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, 30(8): 5093-5109. - Lotfollahi, L., Torabi H. and Omidi, H., 2015. Salinity effect on proline, photosynthetic pigments and leaf relative water content in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) in hydroponic condition. Iranian Journal of Plant Production, 22(1): 89-103. - Mahlooji, M., 2022. Effects of salinity stress and Zinc application and some physiological traits on grain filling of three barley cultivars. Iranian Journal of Plant Process and Function, 11(48): 211-227. - Marzvan, S., Mohammadi, M.H. and Shekari, F., 2021. Biochemical reactions of maize leave and roots to simultaneous salinity and drought stress. Iranian Journal of Soil Management and Sustainable Production, 10(4): 155-171. - Mazloomi, F, Ronaghi, A. and Karimian, N., 2011. Influence of salinity and supplementary calcium on vegetative growth, fruit yield and concentration of some nutrients in hydroponically-grown strawberry. Iranian Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions, 2(2): 51-63. - McCready, R.M., Guggolz, J., Silviera, V. and Owens, H., 1950. Determination of starch and amylose in vegetables. Analytical chemistry, 22: 1156-1158. - Mirvakili, F., Mosleh Arani, A., Sarafraz Ardakani, M.R. and Sodaei-Zadeh, H., 2018. The study of salinity stress influence on some morphological, biochemical and antioxidant responses of Securigera securidaca L. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 6(1): 32-43. - Mirzaee Esgandian, N., Jabbarzadeh, Z. and Rasouli-Sadaghiani, M., 2020. Influence of humic acid and nano-calcium chelate application on photosynthetic pigments and nutrient uptake of Gerbera jamesonii cv. Dune. Plant Process and Function, 9(39): 61-76 - Mita, S., Murano, N., Akaike, M. and Nakamura, K., 1997. Mutants of arabidopsis thaliana with pleiotropic effects on the expression of the gene for beta-amylase and on the accumulation of anthocyanin that are inducible by sugars. Plant Journal, 11: 841-851. - Norouzi Haroni, N. and Pilevar, B., 2019. The effect of salinity stress on gas exchange rate and leaf water potential in Cercis Siliquastrum L. and Robinia Pseudoacacia L. species. Iranian Journal of Plant Research, 31(4): 983-993. - Peyvandi, M., Parande, H. and Mirza, M., 2011. Comparison of nano Fe chelate with Fe chelate effect on growth parameters and antioxidant enzymes activity of Ocimum basilicum. Iranian Journal of New Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology, 1(4): 89-98. - Pouri, N., Seifi, E. and Alizadeh, M., 2017. The effect of salt stress and proline on some morphological, physical and phytochemical traits of leaf in three olive cultivars. Eco-phytochemical Journal of Medicinal Plants, 5(2): 69-84. - Saadatian, B., Soleimani, F. and Ahmadvand, G., 2012. Evaluation of salinity tolerance of some wheat cultivars. Iranian Journal of Seed Science and Technology, 2(4): 1-12. - Salehi, L., Chehrazi, M. and Mousavi, S., 2018. The effect of nano calcium and potassium humic acid fertilizer on morphological and biochemical traits of Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Science and Sustainable Production, 27(4): 191-202. - Sarai Tabrizi, M., Babazadeh, H., Homaee, M., Kaveh, F. and Parsinejad, M., 2015. Simulating basil response to irrigation water salinity. Iranian Journal of Water Research in Agriculture, 28(4): 691-701. - Shams, H., Naghdi Badi, H., Omidi, H., Rezazadeh, S., Sorooshzadeh, A. and Sahandi, M., 2009. Qualitative and Quantitative Changes in the Aerial Parts of Borage under Foliar Application of Calcium Nitrate. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 8(32): 138-144. - Soori, N., Bakhshi, D., Rezaei Nejad, A. and Faizian, M., 2019. Effect of salinity stress on some physiological characteristics and photosynthetic parameters of several Iranian commercial pomegranate genotypes. Iranian Journal of Plant Process and Function, 8(30): 155-170. - Tazikeh, N., Dadashi, M.R. and Jafari, M.J., 2013. Investigating the germination of two wheat cultivars under salt stress condition. Iranian Journal of Seed Research, 3(4): 1-7. - Thor, K., 2019. Calcium-nutrient and messenger. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10: 440. - Witte, M.E., Schumacher, A., Mahler, C.F., Bewersdorf, J.P., Lehmitz, J., Scheiter, A., Sánchez, P., Williams, P.R., Griesbeck, O., Naumann, R., Misgeld, T. and Kerschensteiner, M., 2019. Calcium influx through plasma-membrane nanoruptures drives axon degeneration in a model of multiple sclerosis. Neuron, 101(4): 615-624. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 509 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 407 |
||