| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,073 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,300 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 47,119,095 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,025,911 |
Taxonomic significance of cypselas morphology of tribe Heliantheae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir | ||
| The Iranian Journal of Botany | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 30، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 59، شهریور 2024، صفحه 72-84 اصل مقاله (1.26 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijb.2024.365298.1462 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Rabia Akhlaq* 1؛ Roohi Abid1؛ Abid Arzu Rashid2 | ||
| 1Centre for Plant Conservation University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan | ||
| 2Government National College, Department of Botany, Karachi, Pakistan | ||
| چکیده | ||
| In Asteraceae, the remarkable feature of cypsela plays a significant role in the taxonomic treatment of species. In this research, we aim to assess the significance of the micro-morphological diversity of cypsela at a lower taxonomic level, alongside its corresponding phylogeny. Cypselas of 11 taxa viz., Blainvillea acmella (L.) Philip., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Helianthus annuus L., Helianthus tuberosus L., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Sphagneticola calendulaceae (L.) Pruski, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex A. Gray, Xanthium spinosum L., Xanthium strumarium L., and Zinnia elegans Jacquin were examined for the first time from the study area. Cypselas are usually isomorphic (except in Zinnia elegans), light to dark brown or blackish with a carbonized layer in the pericarp, often monotypic, oblanceolate to oblong or obovate. The characters including the size, surface, number of ribs, angle, apex, and appearance of awns, pappus, beak, and wings were evaluated. Studied taxa are grouped into two contrasting cypsela types (viz., Type I and Type II). Cypselas types with their species are presented through the artificial key. Thirteen qualitative and quantitative variables were utilized to construct cluster analysis, including hilum position, degree of pubescence (surface hair), apex, presence or absence of pappus and awns. The variations among these features were the cornerstone to delineating studied taxa. Here we report the cypsela morphological characteristics of 11 species from 8 genera of Heliantheae (Asteraceae) for the first time in Pakistan and Kashmir, using Stereomicroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| awns؛ cypselas morphology؛ Heliantheae؛ Kashmir؛ Pakistan؛ pappus | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| ارزش تاکزونومیکی صفات ریختی فندقه‌ها در قبیله Heliantheae از خانواده Asteraceae از پاکستان و کشمیر | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| ربیعه اخلاق1؛ روحی عابد1؛ عابد آرزو راشد2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، مرکز حفاظت گیاهان، دانشگاه کراچی، کراچی، پاکستان | ||
| 2گروه گیاه‌شناسی، کالج ملی دولتی، کراچی، پاکستان | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| در خانواده Asteraceae، صفات فندقه جایگاه قابل توجهی در طبقه‌بندی ایفا می‌کند. در کار تحقیقاتی حاضر، خصوصیات فندقه و همچنین ارزیابی ارزش تنوع میکرومورفولوژیکی ریزریخت‌شناسی آن در طبقه‌بندی در سطوح تاکزونومیکی پایین‌تر بررسی می‌شود. فندقه 11 آرایه (Blainvillea acmella (L.) Philip., Eclipta prostrata (L.) L., Helianthus annuus L., Helianthus tuberosus L., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Sphagneticola calendulaceae (L.) Pruski, Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski, Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth. & Hook. F. ex A. Grey, Xanthium spinosum L., Xanthium strumarium L., and Zinnia elegans Jacquin) برای اولین بار از منطقه مورد بررسی مطالعه شدند. فندقه‌ها معمولاً هم شکل هستند (به‌جز درelegans Zinnia)، قهوه‌ای روشن تا تیره یا مایل به سیاه با لایه کربنی در پریکارپ، اغلب یکنواخت و به شکل‌های، واژسرنیزه‌ای، مستطیلی و یا واژتخم مرغی هستنند. اندازه، سطح، تعداد رگه‌ها، زاویه، راس و شکل‌های شاخک‌ها و پرزها، منقار و بال‌ها، صفات مورد بررسی بودند. گونه‌های مورد مطالعه دردو نوع متفاوت (نوع I و نوع II) طبقه‌بندی و انواع فندقه‌ها و گونه‌های متعلق به آنها توسط یک کلید شناسایی از یکدیگر تفکیک شدند. 13 متغیر کمی و کیفی برای انجام آنالیز خوشه‌ای مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند از جمله موقعیت ناف، میزان کرک‌دار بودن (موی سطحی)، راس، وجود یا عدم وجود جقه و شاخک. تغییرات بین این ویژگی‌ها مبنای تفکیک گونه‌های مورد مطالعه بوده است. در این مقاله خصوصیات ریخت شناسی فندقه در ۱۱ گونه از ۸ جنس از قبیله Asteraceae (Heliantheae) برای اولین بار، با استفاده از استریومیکروسکوپ و میکروسکوپ الکترونی برای گونه‌های پاکستان و کشمیر مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Heliantheae, مورفولوژی Cypselas, Pappus, Awns, کشمیر | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abid, R. & Zehra, N. 2007: Micromorphology of cypsela and its taxonomic significance of some genera in the tribe Inuleae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan. -Pak. J. Bot. 39(5): 1407-1416.
Abid, R. & Qaiser, M. 2007: Cypsela morphology of the genus Anaphalis DC. (Gnaphalieae-Asteraceae) from Pakistan. -Pak. J. Bot. 39(6): 1897-1906.
Abid, R. & Qaiser, M. 2009: Taxonomic significance of the cypsela morphology in the tribe Anthemideae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. -Pak. J. Bot. 41(2): 555-579.
Abid, R. & Ali, N. 2010: Cypsela morphology and its taxonomic significance for the tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan. -Pak. J. Bot. 42: 117-133.
Abid, R. & Alam, J. 2011: Taxonomic significance of cypsela morphology for the tribe Mutisieae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan. -Pak J. Bot. 43(2): 821-826.
Abid, R. & Qaiser, M. 2015: Cypsela morphology of Lactuca L. and its allied genera (Cichorieae-Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. -Pak. J. Bot. 47(5): 1937-1955.
Abid, R., Mehdi, S. M., Riaz, S., Kanwal, D., Imran, M. & Ather, A. 2022: Cypsela morphology and its taxonomic significance within the genus Scorzonera L. (Cichoreae-Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. -Pak. J. Bot. 54(6): 2219-2231.
Akhlaq, R., Abid, R., Perveen, A., & Khan, S.A. 2022: Taxonomic significance of cypselas morphology in the tribe Coreopsideae (Asteraceae) from Pakistan and Kashmir. -Iran. J. Bot. 28(2): 113-127.
Angulo, M.B., Sosa, M.M. & Dematteis, M. 2015: Systematic significance of cypsela morphology in Lessingianthus (Vernonieae, Asteraceae). -Austr. Syst. Bot. 28(3): 173-189.
Arabi, Z., Ghahremaninejad, F., Rabeler, R.K. & Heubl, G. 2017: Seed micromorpho-logy and its systematic significance in tribe Alsineae (Caryophyllaceae). -Flora. 234: 41-59.
Ayaz, S., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Ali, M.I., Sultana, S., Mustafa, M.R.U.M., Cobanoglu, D.N., Demirpolat, A., Kilic, O., Ghani, A., Afza, R., Ahmed, K., Munir, M., Kalsoom, N. & Raza, J. 2020: Taxonomic significance of cypsela morphology in tribe Cichoreae (Asteraceae) using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. -Micro. research & tech. 83(3): 239-248.
Baldwin, B.G. 2009: Heliantheae alliance. In: Funk, V.A., Susanna, A., Stuessy, T.F. & Bayer, R.J. (eds.): Systematics, evolution, and biogeography of Compositae. Vienna, Austria, -Intern. Associ. Pl. Tax. 689-711.
Basak, N. & Mukherjee, S.K. 2001: The morphology and anatomy of the cypselas of some species of Helianthus L. (Asteraceae-Heliantheae) and its taxonomic significance. -Nat. Bot. Soc. 55: 111-124.
Bentham, G. 1873: Notes on the classification, history and geographical distribution of the Compositae.
-Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 13: 355-577.
Blanca, G. & de la Guardia, C.D. 1997: Fruit morphology in Tragopogon L. (Compositae: Lactuceae) from the Iberian Peninsula. -Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 125(4): 319-329.
Bona, M. 2014: Achene characteristics of Turkish Centaurea (Asteraceae) and their systematic application. -Bangl. J. Bot. 43(2): 163-168.
Bona, M., Çiftçi, A., & Ekşi, G. 2023: Cypsela micro-macromorphological characteristics of selected taxa of Centaurea L. from Turkey and their systematic importance. -Adansonia 45(2): 27-39.
Bremer, K. 1994: Asteraceae Cladistics and Classification. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon pp 210-253.
Cassini, H., King, H. & Dawson, H. W. 1819: Dictionaire de Sciences Naturelles, Paris. cited by King, R. & Dawson, H.W. 1975: Cassini on Compositae. Oriole Editions, New York.
Chen, Y.S. & Hind, D.J.N. 2011: Heliantheae. In: Wu, Z.Y., Raven, P.H. & Hong, D.Y. (eds.) Flora of China Volume 20-21 (Asteraceae). Science Press (Beijing) & Missouri Botanical Garden Press (St. Louis). 852-878
Clarke, C.B. 1876: Compositae Indicae descriptae et secus genera Benthamii ordinatae. Thacker, Spink and Company.
Dassanayake, M.D., Fosberg, F.R. & Clayton, W.D. 1980: Flora of Ceylon. Amerind publishing Company PVT. Ltd, New Dehli, 1: 497-504
Davis, P.H. 1975: The flora of Turkey. Vol. 15 University Press, Edinburg. pp 43-49.
Fan, W., Fan, F., Peng, C., Zhang, Q., Wang, L., Li, L., Wang, J., Zhang, D., Peng, W. & Wu, C. 2019: Traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and taxicology of Xanthium strumarium L. -Molecules 24(2): 359-399.
Frangiote-Pallone, S. & de Souza, L.A. 2014: Pappus and cypsela ontogeny in Asteraceae: structural considerations of the tribal category. -Revista mexi. de biodi. 85(1): 62-77.
Garg, S.K. & Sharma, K.C. 2007: Taxonomical significance of the morphological and scanning electron microscopic surface patterns of cypselas in some members of the tribe Heliantheae (Asteraceae). -Feddes Repertorium 118(5‐6): 165-191.
Heywood, V.H., Harborne, J.B. & Turner, B.L. 1977: Biology and Chemistry of the Compositae. Academic Press, London.
Hoseini, E., Ghahremaninejad, F., Assadi, M. & Edalatiyan, M. 2017: Seed micromorphology and its implication in subgeneric classification of Silene (Caryophyllaceae, Sileneae). -Flora 228: 31-38.
Hooker, J.D. 1881: Compositae. The Flora of British India 3(8): 219-419.
Jana, B.K., Auju, R. & Mukherjee, S.K. 2014: Diversity of cypselar features and their taxonomic significance in three species of the genus Centaurea, (Cardueae-Asteraceae). -Diver. & Cons. Pl. & Trad. Know. 233-240.
Karaismailoglu, M. 2015: Morphological and anatomical features of cypsela of some Crepis taxa (Asteraceae) from Turkey and their taxonomic importance. -Pak. J. Bot. 47(4): 1473-1480.
Karodpati, B.N. & Dhabe, A.S. 2013: Cypselar study of some representative taxa from tribe Heliantheae (asteraceae). -Bioinfolet-A Quarterly J. Life Sci. 10(4a): 1131-1134.
Khajepiri, M., Ghahremaninejad, F., & Mozaffarian, V. 2010. Fruit anatomy of the genus Pimpinella L. (Apiaceae) in Iran. -Flora 205(5): 344-356.
Mabberley, D.J. 2008: Mabberley's plant-book: A portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses (No. Ed. 3). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. New York.
Marzinek, J. & Oliveira D.M. 2010: Structure and ontogeny of the pericarp of six Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) with ecological and taxonomic considerations. -Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 82(2): 279-291.
Mukherjee, S.K. & Sarkar, A.K. 2001: Morphology and structure of cypselas in thirteen species of the tribe Astereae (Asteraceae). -Phytomorphology 51(1): 17-26.
Ozcan, M. & Akinci, N. 2019: Micromorpho-anatomical fruit characteristics and pappus features of representative Cardueae (Asteraceae) taxa, Their systematic significance. -Flora 256: 16-35.
Panero, J.L. 2007a. Key to the tribes of the Heliantheae alliance. In: Kadereit, J.W. & Jeffrey, C. (eds.) The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Flowering Plants. Eudicots. Asterales. Springer, Berlin. Vol. 8: 391-395
Panero, J.L. 2007b: Heliantheae. In: Kadereit, J.W. & Jeffrey, C. (eds.) The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants Flowering Plants. Eudicots. Asterales. Springer, Berlin. Vol. 8. 440-477.
Patel, S. 2011: Harmful and beneficial aspects of Parthenium hysterophorus: an update. -Biotechnology 1(1): 1-9.
Perveen, A. & Qaiser, M. 2021: Heliantheae. In: Ali, S.I. & Qaiser, M. (eds.) Fasicle Flora of Pakistan Asteraceae (V1) 224: 223-256. Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi, Karachi.
Robinson, H.E. 1981: A revision of the tribal and subtribal limits of the Heliantheae (Asteraceae). Smithsonian contributions to botany.
Roque, N. & Funk, A.V. 2013: Morphological characters add support for some members of the basal grade of Asteraceae. -Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 171(3): 568-586.
Roque, N., Keil, D.J. & Susanna, A. 2009: Illustrated glossary of Compositae. Systematics, Evolution and Biogeography of the Compositae. Vienna, Austria. -Intern. Associ. Pl. Tax. (IAPT). 781-806.
Borisova, A.G., Bochantsev, V.P., Vasil-chenko, I.T., Golubkova, V.F., Gorshkova, S.G., Grubov, V.I., Kirpichnikov, M.E., Smol-yaninova, L.A.,
Tamainshyan, S.G., Tsveley, N.N., Tsvetkova, L.I. & Iuzepchuk, S.V. 1990: In: Shishkin, B.K. (ed.) Flora of the U.S.S.R. Vol. XXV. Compositae. Shiva Offset Press, Dehra Dun, India.
Silva, T.D., Marzinek, J., Hattori, E.K., Nakajima, J.N. & De-Paula, O.C. 2018: Comparative cypsela
morphology in Disynaphiinae and implications for their systematics and evolution (Eupatorieae: Asteraceae). -Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186(1): 89-107.
Strean, W.T. 1992: Botanical Latin: history, grammar, syntax, terminology and vocabulary (4th ed.). Portland, Or.: Timber Pre. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 608 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 496 |
||