| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,784 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,006,549 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,166,054 |
Comoclathris typhicola, a new species for the funga of Iran | ||
| Mycologia Iranica | ||
| دوره 11، شماره 1، شهریور 2024، صفحه 111-116 اصل مقاله (1.14 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Short Report | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/MI.2023.363640.1269 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Abdollah Ahmadpour* 1؛ Youbert Ghosta2؛ Fatemeh Alavi2؛ Zahra Alavi2؛ Zeinab Heidarian1 | ||
| 1Higher Education Center of Shahid Bakeri, Urmia University, Miyandoab, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The genus Comoclathris Clem., typified by Comoclathris lanata Clem., was introduced by Clements (1909). Comoclathris belongs to the family Pleosporaceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes, Pezizomycotina, Ascomycota) based on morphology and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS‒rDNA) region, parts of the large and small subunit ribosomal RNA (LSU/SSU), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) loci (Ariyawansa et al. 2015a,b, Wijayawardene et al. 2017, Mattoo et al. 2023). The genus is characterized by ascomata with circular lid-like openings and applanate reddish-brown to dark reddish-brown, muriform ascospores, with single longitudinal septa (Ariyawansa et al. 2015a, b, Wijayawardene et al. 2017). Presently, 50 epithets are listed for Comoclathris in Index Fungorum (https://www.indexfungorum.org/). In this study, leaf samples from Typha latifolia L. (Typhaceae, Poales) showing necrotic lesions were collected from Miyandoab city, West Azarbaijan province, Iran, in 2021. Leaf samples were surface disinfected using 1% sodium hypochlorite solution for three min, followed by rinsing in sterile distilled water and incubated in a moist chamber at 25 °C. The incubated leaves were inspected under the stereo microscope (SZ51, Olympus, Japan) and single-spore isolation was done following the method described in Ahmadpour et al. (2021). Germinated spores were transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA: 39 g/l sterile distilled water, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) plates and incubated at room temperature for 2–4 weeks. The isolates were grown on PDA, malt extract agar (MEA) and oatmeal agar (OA) media at 25 °C under the near ultraviolet light (NUV)/dark period of 12/12 h for 7–14 days to study the morphological characteristics (Mattoo et al. 2023). Measurements and microphotographs were prepared from slide mounts in lactophenol using an Olympus AX70 compound microscope with differential interference contrast (DIC) illumination. Adobe Photoshop 2020 v. 2.10.8 software (Adobe Inc., San Jose, California) was used for manual editing. All identified isolates were deposited in the fungal culture collections of the Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection (IRAN) and Urmia University (FCCUU). For total DNA extraction, the mycelial mass of each isolate harvested from 10-day-old PDA Petri dishes was homogenized in a standard sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) detergent lysis buffer and DNA was isolated using chloroform extraction and isopropanol precipitation method (Ahmadpour et al. 2021). Amplification and sequencing of RPB2 were carried out with primer pairs RPB2-5F2/RPB2-7cr2 as described by Ahmadpour et al. 2021. Maximum likelihood (ML) analysis was conducted in the RAxML‒HPC BlackBox v. 8.2.8 (Stamatakis 2014) online server of the CIPRES Science gateway portal (https://www.phylo.org/) (Miller et al. 2012) for 1000 bootstrapping iterations, using the general time reversible model (GTR) with a discrete gamma distribution. Sequences of Neocamarosporium chenopodii (CBS 206.80) and N. obiones (CBS 432.77) served as the outgroup taxa (Mattoo et al. 2023). The resultant phylogenetic trees were visualized in FigTree v. 1.4.4 (Rambaut 2019), and edited in graphic design software, Adobe Illustrator® CC 2020. The newly generated sequences were submitted to GenBank. The resulting phylogram (Fig. 1) from the RPB2 phylogenetic analyses revealed that our isolates clustered well with Comoclathris typhicola (CBS 132.69 strain) with high bootstrap support values (ML = 100). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. typhicola for the funga of Iran. Comoclathris typhicola (Cooke) Ariyaw. & K.D. Hyde, Fungal Diversity 71: 105 (2015) Fig. 2 Basionym: Sphaeria typhicola Cooke [as 'typhaecola'], Grevillea 5(no. 35): 121 (1877). Synonyms: Clathrospora typhicola (Cooke) Höhn., Annls mycol. 16(1/2): 88 (1918), Macrospora typhicola (Cooke) Shoemaker & C.E. Babc., Can. J. Bot. 70(8): 1644 (1992), Pleospora typhicola (Cooke) Sacc., Reliq. Libert 2: no. 152 (1881), Pyrenophora typhicola (Cooke) E. Müll., Sydowia 5(3-6): 256 (1951). Pathogenic on the leave of Typha latifolia. Lesions up to 5–20 mm diam., spread on the upper surface, scattered, distinct, regular to irregular, pale brown to dark brown, leading to leaf death. Sexual morph: Undetermined. Asexual morph: Coelomycetous. Conidiomata 180–200 × 190–200 μm, pycnidial, semi-immersed to immersed, mostly solitary, rarely aggregated, scattered, globose to subglobose, pale brown to brown, thin-walled, glabrous, closed to one inconspicuous pore, with creamy to yellow conidial matrix. Pycnidial wall 10–25 μm thick, pseudoparenchymatous, 3–5 layered, composed of oblong to isodiametric cells, pale brown. Conidiogenous cells 4–6 × 4–7 μm, phialidic, hyaline, smooth, globose to ampulliform. Conidia 3–4 × 1–1.2 μm (x̅ = 3.5 × 1.1 μm, n = 50), ellipsoidal to oblong, occasionally ovoid, with rounded ends, hyaline, smooth and thin-walled, aseptate, with polar guttules. Culture characteristics ‒ Colonies on PDA reaching 57–59 mm diam. after seven days at 25 °C, smooth margin, sparse aerial mycelia, grey at the center, white at the margin; reverse white to pale brown. Colonies on MEA reaching 49–50 mm diam. after seven days at 25 °C, floccose, surface white, smooth margin, sparse aerial mycelia; reverse white, pale brown at the center. Colonies on OA reaching 53–55 mm diam. after seven days at 25 °C, smooth margin, surface white to grey, sparse aerial mycelia, abundant production of pycnidia, conidial matrix visible; reverse buff, with grey near the center. Specimen examined ‒ IRAN, West Azarbaijan province, Miyandoab city, isolated from infected leaves of Typha latifolia (Typhaceae, Poales), 10 Sept. 2021, A. Ahmadpour, IRAN 4235C (RPB2 = OR611972) and FCCUU 1903 (RPB2 = OR611973). | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Molecular phylogeny؛ Morphology؛ Pleosporaceae؛ Taxonomy | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ahmadpour, A., Ghosta, Y. and Poursafar, A. 2021. Novel species of Alternaria section Nimbya from Iran as revealed by morphological and molecular data. Mycologia 113: 1073–1088.
Ariyawansa, H., Phookamsak, R., Tibpromma, S., Kang, J.C. and Hyde, K.D. 2014. A molecular and morphological reassessment of Diademaceae. The Scientific World Journal 2014: 1–11.
Ariyawansa, H.A., Thambugala, K.M., Manamgoda, D.S., Jayawardena, R., Camporesi, E., et al. 2015. Towards a natural classification and backbone tree for Pleosporaceae. Fungal Diversity 71: 85–139.
Boerema, G.H., De Gruyter, J., Noordeloos, M.E., and Hamers, M.E.C. 2004. Phoma identification manual: differentiation of specific and infra-specific taxa in culture. CABI Publishing.
Boonmee, S., Wanasinghe, D.N., Calabon, M.S., Huanraluek, N., Chandrasiri, S.K.U., et al. 2021. Fungal diversity notes 1387–1511: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa. Fungal Diversity 111: 1–335.
Clements, F.E. 1909. The genera of fungi. Vol. 37. The HW Wilson Company. 227 pp.
Crous, P.W., Cowan, D.A., Maggs-Kolling, G., Yilmaz, N., Thangavel, R., et al. 2021. Fungal planet description sheets: 1182–1283. Persoonia 46: 313–528.
Farr, D.F., Rossman, A.Y. and Castlebury, L.A. 2024. United States National Fungus Collections Fungus-Host Dataset (accessed 20 September 2024).
Liu, Y.J., Whelen, S. and Hall, B.D. 1999. Phylogenetic relationships among ascomycetes: evidence from an RNA polymerse II subunit. Molecular Biology and Evolution 16(12): 1799–1808.
Mattoo, A.J., Ghosh, A. and Nonzom, S. 2023. Comoclathris acuminata (Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales): A new endophytic species from Indian Himalayas. Phytotaxa 589: 230–244.
Miller, M.A., Pfeiffer, W. and Schwartz, T. 2012. The CIPRES science gateway: enabling high-impact science for phylogenetics researchers with limited resources. Paper presented at: Proceedings of the 1st Conference of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment: Bridging from the extreme to the campus and beyond (ACM).
Rambaut, A. 2019. FigTree, a graphical viewer of phylogenetic trees. Available from: http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree.
Shoemaker, R.A., and Babcock, C.E. 1992. Applanodictyosporous Pleosporales: Clathrospora, Comoclathris, Graphyllium, Macrospora, and Platysporoides. Canadian Journal of Botany 70: 1617–1658.
Stamatakis, A. 2014. RAxML version 8: a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies. Bioinformatics 30: 1312–1313.
Sung, G.H., Sung, J.M., Hywel-Jones, N.L. and Spatafora, J.W. 2007. A multi-gene phylogeny of Clavicipitaceae (Ascomycota, Fungi): Identification of localized incongruence using a combinational bootstrap approach. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 44(3): 1204–1223.
Webster, J. and Lucas, M.T. 1959. Observations on British species of Pleospora. I. Transactions of the British Mycological Society 42(3): 332–342.
Wijayawardene, N.N., Hyde, K.D., Rajeshkumar, K.C., Hawksworth, D.L., Hugo, M., et al. 2017. Notes for genera: Ascomycota. Fungal Diversity 86: 1–594.
Woudenberg, J.H.C., Groenewald, J.Z., Binder, M. and Crous, P.W. 2013. Alternaria redefined. Studies in Mycology 75: 171–212.
Xu, R., Su, W., Wang, Y., Tian, S., Li, Y. and Phukhamsakda, C. 2024. Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic evidence reveal two new species and the first report of Comoclathris (Pleosporaceae, Pleosporales) on dicotyledonous plants from China. MycoKeys 101: 95–112.
Zhang, Y., Koko, T.W. and Hyde, K.D. 2011. Towards a monograph of Dothideomycetes: studies on Diademaceae. Cryptogamie Mycologie 32: 115–126. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 762 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 920 |
||