| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,272 |
| تعداد مقالات | 36,149 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,713,376 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 94,492,205 |
تهیه فرمولاسیون کپسول Bacillus subtilis و بررسی کارایی آن در مهار مرگ گیاهچه گوجه‌فرنگی ناشی از Rhizoctonia solani در شرایط گلخانه | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2، اسفند 1401، صفحه 125-139 اصل مقاله (796.72 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2023.363355.344 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| الهه لطفعلی نژاد1؛ عبدالحسین طاهری* 2؛ سید اسماعیل رضوی3؛ سیدجواد صانعی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری رشته بیماری‌شناسی گیاهی، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران. | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده تولید گیاهی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| استفاده از عوامل مهار زیستی یک روش امیدوارکننده و ایمن در راستای اهداف زیست‌محیطی برای مهار بیماری‌های گیاهی است. با این حال، به دلیل نداشتن پایداری و فقدان فرمولاسیون مناسب و کاربردی، نتایج به دست آمده از کاربرد این عوامل به ویژه در عرصه های کشاورزی به اندازة کافی کارآمد نبوده است. این مطالعه با هدف توسعه فرمولاسیون کپسول با استفاده از سدیم آلژینات جهت افزایش زنده مانی و بهبود عملکردBacillus subtilis انجام گردید. تهیه کپسول ها با استفاده از روش ژلاسیون یونی انجام شد. کارایی کپسولاسیون 99 درصد برآورد گردید. میانگین اندازه کپسول های مرطوب و خشک تهیه شده به ترتیب 2600 و 1000 میکرومتر بود. نتایج تاثیر اشعه فرابنفش بر زنده مانی B. subtilis نشان داد باکتری در حالت کپسول (مرطوب و خشک) نسبت به حالت غیرکپسول مقاومت بیشتری در برابر اشعه فرابنفش داشت. در این خصوص با افزایش مدت زمان قرارگیری در معرض اشعه فرابنفش مقاومت سلولهای باکتری در حالت کپسول نسبت به حالت غیرکپسول بیشتر بود. نتایج بررسی مقاومت حرارتی در دماهای مختلف بر نقش مثبت کپسولها در افزایش زنده مانی و مقاومت B subtilis نسبت به حالت غیرکپسول تاکید داشت. در این رابطه، درصد زنده مانی B. subtilis غیرکپسوله پس از 60 روز قرارگیری در دمای 25 و 35 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب 42 و 47 کاهش یافت. اما در مورد B. subtilis کپسوله کاهش درصد زنده مانی پس از مدت زمان و دمای مشابه به ترتیب 16/5 و 26 درصد برآورد گردید. نتایج بررسی گلخانه ای نشان داد استفاده از فرمولاسیون کپسول B. subtilis باعث کاهش درصد بیماری نسبت به B. subtilis غیرکپسول و کپسول های سدیم آلژینات به تنهایی شد. در این رابطه، درصد بیماری در گیاهان تیمار شده با باکتری کپسوله 4/44 درصد برآورد گردید درحالی که این میزان در شاهد 73/33 درصد بود. گیاهان تیمار شده با B. subtilis کپسوله از نظر شاخصهای رشدی در مقایسه با شاهد تفاوت معنیداری داشتند. تغییرات شاخص رشد در رابطه با فرمولاسیون های مختلف B. subtilis (به صورت کپسوله، غیرکپسوله) و کپسول های سدیم آلژینات تنها برای ارتفاع ریشه معنی دار بود. این نتایج بر نقش مثبت تاثیر استفاده از B. subtilis و فرمولاسیون کپسول در کنترل مرگ گیاهچه ناشی ازRhizoctonia solani در گیاه گوجه فرنگی تاکید دارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فرمولاسیون کپسول؛ Bacillus subtilis؛ افزایش زنده مانی؛ Rhizoctonia solani | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Preparation of Bacillus subtilis capsule formulation and evaluation of its efficacy in controlling damping-off in tomato caused by Rhizoctonia solani under greenhouse conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Elahe Lotfalinezhad1؛ Abdolhossein Taheri2؛ Seyed Esmaeil Razavi3؛ Seyed Javad Sanei3 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student of plant pathology, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of plant production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| 2Associated Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of plant production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of plant production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The use of biocontrol agents is a promising and safe method towards achieving environmental goals for controlling plant diseases. However, due to the lack of stability and appropriate and applicable formulations, the results obtained from the application of these agents, especially in agricultural fields, have not been sufficiently efficient. This study was conducted with the aim of developing a capsule formulation using sodium alginate to increase the viability and improve the performance of Bacillus subtilis. Capsules were prepared using the ionic gelation method. The encapsulation efficiency was estimated to be 99%. The mean size of the wet and dry capsules produced was 2600 and 1000 micrometers, respectively. The effects of ultraviolet radiation on the survival of B. subtilis showed that the bacterium in the capsule state (wet and dry) was more resistant to ultraviolet radiation compared to the non–encapsulated state. With increasing exposure time to ultraviolet light, bacterial cells resistance in the capsule state were greater than in the non–encapsulated state. The results of the thermal resistance examination at different temperatures emphasized the positive role of the capsules in increasing the survival and resistance of B. subtilis compared to the non–encapsulated state. The survival percentage of non–encapsulated B. subtilis after 60 days at 25 and 35 degrees Celsius decreased by 42% and 47%, respectively. However, for the encapsulated B. subtilis, the survival percentage decrease after the same period and temperature was estimated to be 16.5% and 26%, respectively. Greenhouse results showed that the use of B. subtilis capsule formulation reduced disease percentage compared to non–encapsulated B. subtilis and sodium alginate capsules alone. The disease percentage in plants treated with encapsulated B. subtilis was estimated to be 4.44%, while this rate was 73.33% in the control. Plants treated with encapsulated B. subtilis had significant differences in growth indices compared to the control. Growth index changes in relation to different formulations of B. subtilis (encapsulated, non–encapsulated) and sodium alginate capsules alone were significant only for root height. These results emphasize the positive role of using B. subtilis and capsule formulation in controlling damping–off caused by Rhizoctonia solani in tomato plants. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Capsule formulation, Bacillus subtilis, increased viability, Rhizoctonia solani | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ab Rahman, S.F.S., Singh, E., Pieterse, C.M. & Schenk, P.M. 2018. Emerging microbial biocontrol strategies for plant pathogens. Plant Science, 267: 102–111. Adzmi, F., Musa, M.H., Siddiqui, Y., Yun, W.M., Hamid, H. A., Abdu, A. & Abiri, R. 2021. Development of Alginate–Montmorillonite–Starch with Encapsulated Trichoderma harzianum and Evaluation of Conidia Shelf Life. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 26(01): 87–96. Bashan, Y. 1998. Inoculants of plant growth–promoting bacteria for use in agriculture. Biotechnology advances, 16(4): 729–770. Bashan, Y., de–Bashan, L.E., Prabhu, S.R. & Hernandez, J.P. 2014. Advances in plant growth–promoting bacterial inoculant technology: Formulations and practical perspectives (1998–2013). Plant Soil, 378: 1–33. Calabi–Floody, M., Medina, J., Rumpel, C., Condron, L.M., Hernandez, M., Dumont, M. & de La Luz Mora, M. 2018. Smart fertilizers as a strategy for sustainable agriculture. Advances in agronomy, 147: 119–157. Chen, K.N., Chen, C.Y., Lin, Y.C. & Chen, M.J. 2013. Formulation of a novel antagonistic bacterium based biopesticide for fungal disease control using microencapsulation techniques. Journal of Agricultural Science, 5(3): 153. Dobrinˇci´c, A., Balbino, S., Zori´c, Z., Pedisi´c, S., Bursa´c Kovaˇcevi´c, D., Elez Garofuli´c, I. & Dragovi´c–Uzelac, V. 2020. Advanced technologies for the extraction of marine brown algal polysaccharides. Marine drugs, 18(3): 168. dos Santos, G.F., Locatelli, G.O., Coêlho, D.A., Botelho, P.S., Amorim, M.S., de Vasconcelos, T.C.L. & Bueno, L.A. 2015. Factorial design, preparation and characterization of new beads formed from alginate, polyphosphate and glycerol gelling solution for microorganism microencapsulation. Journal of Sol–Gel Science and Technology, 75(2): 345–352. Fraceto, L.F., Maruyama, C.R., Guilger, M., Mishra, S., Keswani, C., Singh, H.B. & de Lima, R. 2018. Trichoderma harzianum–based novel formulations: potential applications for management of Next–Gen agricultural challenges. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 93(8): 2056–2063. Fu, N. & Chen, X.D. 2011. Towards a maximal cell survival in convective thermal drying processes. Food Research International, 44(5): 1127–1149. Guo, L., Wu, Z., Rasool, A. & Li, C. 2012. Effects of free and encapsulated co–culture bacteria on cotton growth and soil bacterial communities. European Journal of soil biology, 53: 16–22. He, Y., Wu, Z., Ye, B.C., Wang, J., Guan, X. & Zhang, J. 2016. Viability evaluation of alginate–encapsulated Pseudomonas putida Rs–198 under simulated salt–stress conditions and its effect on cotton growth. European journal of soil biology, 75: 135–141. Hernandez–Suarez, M., Hernandez–Castillo, F.D., Gallegos–Morales, G., Lira–Saldivar, R.H., Rodríguez–Herrera, R. & Aguilar, C.N. 2011. Biocontrol of soil fungi in tomato with microencapsulates containing Bacillus subtilis. American Journal of Agricultural and Biological Sciences, 6(2): 189–195. Hernández Montiel, L.G., Chiquito Contreras, R.G., Castillo Rocha, D.G., Chiquito Contreras, C.J., Vidal Hernández, L. & Beltrán Morales, F.A. 2018. Effect of microcapsules of Pseudomonas putida on growth and yield of red pepper. Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas, 9(SPE20): 4223–4233. Hermosa, R., Viterbo, A., Chet, I. & Monte, E. 2012. Plant–beneficial effects of Trichoderma and of its genes. Microbiology, 158(1):17–25. Huang, W., Wang, Y., Ren, L., Du, C. & Shi, X. 2009. A novel PHBV/HA microsphere releasing system loaded with alendronate. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 29(7): 2221–2225. Jing, H.U., Zuobing, X.I.A.O., Rujun, Z.H.O.U., Shuangshuang, M.A., Mingxi, W.A.N.G. & Zhen, L.I. 2011. Properties of aroma sustained–release cotton fabric with rose fragrance nanocapsule. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 19(3): 523–528. John, R.P., Tyagi, R.D., Brar, S.K., Surampalli, R.Y. & Prévost, D. 2011. Bio–encapsulation of microbial cells for targeted agricultural delivery. Critical reviews in biotechnology, 31(3): 211–226. Jurić, S., Đermić, E., Topolovec–Pintarić, S., Bedek, M. & Vinceković, M. 2019. Physicochemical properties and release characteristics of calcium alginate microspheres loaded with Trichoderma viride spores. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 18(11): 2534–2548. Khedher, S.B., Mejdoub–Trabelsi, B. & Tounsi, S. 2021. Biological potential of Bacillus subtilis V26 for the control of Fusarium wilt and tuber dry rot on potato caused by Fusarium species and the promotion of plant growth. Biological Control, 152: 104444. Khimmakthong, U., Khumpouk, P., Saichanaphan, N., Intarasin., Y. & Tirawanichakul, K. 2020. The Efficiency of Microencapsulation with Alginate, Gelatin, and Chitosan on the Survival of Bacillus subtilis. Chiang Mai University Journal of Natural Sciences, 19(4): 684. Kim, I.Y., Pusey, P.L., Zhao, Y., Korban, S.S., Choi, H. & Kim, K.K. 2012. Controlled release of Pantoea agglomerans E325 for biocontrol of fire blight disease of apple. Journal of controlled release, 161(1): 109–115. Leong, J.Y., Lam, W.H., Ho, K.W., Voo, W.P, Lee, M.F. X., Lim, H.P., Lim, S.L., Tey, B.T., Poncelet, D. & Chan, E.S. 2016. Advances in fabricating spherical alginate hydrogels with controlled particle designs by ionotropic gelation as encapsulation systems. Particuology, 24: 44–60. Locatelli, G.O., dos Santos, G.F., Botelho, P.S., Finkler, C.L.L. & Bueno, L.A. 2018. Development of Trichoderma sp. formulations in encapsulated granules (CG) and evaluation of conidia shelf–life. Biological control, 117: 21–29. Ma, X., Wang, X., Cheng, J., Nie, X., Yu, X., Zhao, Y. & Wang, W. 2015. Microencapsulation of Bacillus subtilis B99–2 and its biocontrol efficiency against Rhizoctonia solani in tomato. Biological control, 90: 34–41. Maestrelli, F., Zerrouk, N., Cirri, M., Mennini, N. & Mura, P. 2008. Microspheres for colonic delivery of ketoprofen–hydroxypropyl–β–cyclodextrin complex. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 34: 1–11. Martínez–Cano, B., Mendoza–Meneses, C.J., García–Trejo, J.F., Macías–Bobadilla, G., Aguirre–Becerra, H., Soto–Zarazúa, G.M. & Feregrino–Pérez, A.A. 2022. Review and perspectives of the use of alginate as a polymer matrix for microorganisms applied in agro–industry. Molecules, 27(13): 4248. Maruyama, C.R., Bilesky–José, N., de Lima, R. & Fraceto, L.F. 2020. Encapsulation of Trichoderma harzianum Preserves Enzymatic Activity and Enhances the Potential for Biological Control. Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 8: 225. Mancera–López, M.E., Izquierdo–Estévez, W.F., Escalante–Sánchez, A., Ibarra, J.E. & Barrera–Cortés, J. 2019. Encapsulation of Trichoderma harzianum conidia as a method of conidia preservation at room temperature and propagation in submerged culture. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 29(2): 107–130. McFarland, J. 1907. The nephelometer: an instrument for estimating the number of bacteria in suspensions used for calculating the opsonic index and for vaccines. Journal of the American Medical Association, 49(14): 1176–1178. Mousivand, M., Jouzani, G., Monazah, M. & Kosari, M. 2012. Characterization and antagonistic potential of some native biofilm and surfactant producing Bacillus subtilis strain against six pathotypes of Rhizoctonia solani. Journal of plant pathology, 171: 180. Pacheco–Aguirre, J., Ruiz–Sanchez, E., Reyes–Ramírez, A., Cristóbal–Alejo, J., Tun–Suárez, J. & Borges–Gómez, L. 2016. Polymer–based encapsulation of Bacillus subtilis and its effect on Meloidogyne incognita in tomato. Phyton–International Journal of Experimental Botany, 85: 1–6. Paulo, F. & Santos, L. 2017. Design of experiments for microencapsulation applications: a review. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 77: 1327–1340. Pinpimai, K., Rodkhum, C., Chansue, N., Katagiri, T., Maita, M. & Pirarat, N. 2015. The study on the candidate probiotic properties of encapsulated yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae JCM7255, in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Research in Veterinary Science, 102: 103–111. Poletto, F.S., Jäger, E., Cruz, L., Pohlmann, A.R. & Guterres, S.S. 2008. The effect of polymeric wall on the permeability of drug–loaded nanocapsules. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 28(4): 472–478. Pour, M.M., Saberi–Riseh, R., Mohammadinejad, R. & Hosseini, A. 2019. Investigating the formulation of alginate–gelatin encapsulated Pseudomonas fluorescens (VUPF5 and T17–4 strains) for controlling Fusarium solani on potato. International journal of biological macromolecules, 133: 603–613. Razavi, S.E., Sanei, S.J., Sharbatkhari, M., & Ghorbani nasrabadi, R. 2021. Detection and isolation of soil fungi and fungus–like. Peyk–e Reyhan Gorgan Publication, 384p. (In Persian with English Summary). Rodrigues, S., da Costa, A.M.R. & Grenha, A. 2012. Chitosan/carrageenan nanoparticles: effect of cross–linking with tripolyphosphate and charge ratios. Carbohydrate polymers, 89(1): 282–289. Rodrigues, F.J., Cedran, M.F., Bicas, J.L. & Sato, H.H. 2020. Encapsulated probiotic cells: Relevant techniques, natural sources as encapsulating materials and food applications–A narrative review. Food research international, 137: 109682. Saberi–Rise, R. & Moradi–Pour, M. 2019. The effect of Bacillus subtilis Vru1 encapsulated in alginate–bentonite coating enriched with titanium nanoparticles against Rhizoctonia solani on bean. International journal of biological macromolecules, 152: 1089–1097. Saberi‐Riseh, R. & Moradi‐Pour, M. 2021. A novel encapsulation of Streptomyces fulvissimus Uts22 by spray drying and its biocontrol efficiency against Gaeumannomyces graminis, the causal agent of take‐all disease in wheat. Pest Management Science, 77(10): 4357–4364. Souza, F.N., Gebara, C., Ribeiro, M.C.E., Chaves, K.S., Gigante, M.L. & Grosso, C.R.F. 2012. Production and characterization of microparticles containing pectin and whey proteins. Food Research International, 49(1): 560–566 Tu, L., He, Y., Yang, H., Wu, Z. & Yi, L. 2015. Preparation and characterization of alginate–gelatin microencapsulated Bacillus subtilis SL–13 by emulsification/internal gelation. Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 26(12): 735–749. Vemmer, M. & Patel, A.V. 2013. Review of encapsulation methods suitable for microbial biological control agents. Biological Control, 67(3): 380–389. Wu, Z., Guo, L., Qin, S. & Li, C. 2012. Encapsulation of R. planticola Rs–2 from alginate–starch–bentonite and its controlled release and swelling behavior under simulated soil conditions. Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 39(2): 317–327. Wu, Z., He, Y., Chen, L., Han, Y. & Li, C. 2014. Characterization of Raoultella planticola Rs–2 microcapsule prepared with a blend of alginate and starch and its release behavior. Carbohydrate polymers, 110: 259–267. Young, C.C., Rekha, P.D., Lai, W.A. & Arun, A.B. 2006. Encapsulation of plant growth‐promoting bacteria in alginate beads enriched with humic acid. Biotechnology and bioengineering, 95(1): 76–83. Zhang, F., Ge, H., Zhang, F., Guo, N., Wang, Y., Chen, L., Ji, X. & Li, C. 2016. Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum isolate T–aloe against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 100: 64–74. Zhu, J., Wang, J., Ding, Y., Liu, B. & Xiao, W. 2018. A system–level approach for investigating organophosphorus pesticide toxicity. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 149: 26–35. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 690 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 481 |
||