An analysis of strategies to prevent land use change and the tenure of rangelands from the perspective of experts in the city of Gonbad-e-Kavous | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| Article 9, Volume 30, Issue 2 - Serial Number 91, September 2023, Pages 302-317 PDF (845.81 K) | ||
| Document Type: Research Paper | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/ijrdr.2023.129903 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Seifolhagh Gharavi1; Bahareh Behmanesh* 2; Aboulfazl Tahmasebi3; Esmaeil Namvar4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student of Rangeland Engineering, Range Management Orientation, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 2Assistant professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant professor, Department of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous university, Gonbad Kavous, Golestan, Iran | ||
| 4Law expert of General Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Mmanagement of Golestan province, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Background and objectives Dealing with rangeland degradation factors and rehabilitating these resources are fundamental and necessary steps toward sustainable development. So, decisions and protection programs can reduce land use change and tenure. In this regard, the present study has excavated and analyzed strategies to prevent land use change and tenure of rangelands from the perspective of experts in Gonbad Kavous city of Golestan province. Methodology: This research is a descriptive-survey type in which the statistical population consists of 45 judges, experts, and conservation guards in the city. Forty individuals were randomly selected as a sample size based on the Krejcie Morgan table. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Through five focus group interviews, we obtained items related to it. So that after removing the common and unrelated items, 25 items were summarized as protection solutions from the rangelands of the city. Based on that, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed. Each of the specified items was evaluated on a five-point Likert scale. The questionnaire validity was assessed using natural resources experts' opinions. The reliability was determined by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient, equal to 0.81. After collecting and analyzing the data, the mean and standard deviation were used to describe and prioritize the items in the SPSS25 software environment. An exploratory factor analysis technique was used to examine the internal correlation and categorize the protection strategies of land use change and rangeland tenure in the form of several strategies and to determine the amount of variance explained by each. After collecting and categorizing the data, descriptive and inferential statistics were used in the SPSS25 software environment. Results According to the results obtained from factor analysis, the values of KMO and Bartlett were respectively equal to 0.806 and 967.830, significant at 99% confidence. This indicated the appropriateness of the variables' correlation in the analysis. Based on this, five strategies were extracted that explained 71.74% of the total variance of the variables. The educational-cultural solution to preventing land use and land tenure change in the study area was ranked the highest, and the legal-control solution was ranked the lowest in importance. The results indicate that the items "culturalization and information in crime prevention" from the educational-cultural strategy, "creating job opportunities, empowerment and alternative sources of income for local communities and pastoralists" from the strategy support-service, "privatization of rangeland and handing it over to qualified pastoralists" from the management solution, "correct implementation of laws by executive organizations" from the legal-control solution and "using the potential of mobilizing local communities and their participation in rangeland conservation" from the collaborative approach, with the highest amount of factor load, had the greatest impact in different protection strategies on preventing rangeland tenure. The sample t-test results showed that the most effective strategy in preventing land use change and rangeland acquisitions was related to educational-cultural, and the least effective was related to participatory. Conclusion According to the research results, the focus is on culture and information using advancing communication technologies and social networks, monitoring and evaluating pastoralists, and creating a control process to neutralize crime in rangelands. This is proposed as the most effective prevention strategy. Developing a two-way comprehensive program, one side of which is related to government support and services, and the other side is related to the mobilization of local communities and their participation in the activities of conservation, restoration, improvement, and fundamental exploitation of rangelands, can be another recommendation to reduce rangelands degradation. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Conservation; Degradation; Gonbad Kavous; Pastoralist; Rangeland | ||
| References | ||
|
- Arzani, H., and Moetamedi, J., 2019. Reduce pressure on rangelands through economicization of rangeland. Iranian Journal of Nature, 4 (2): 7-14 (In Persian). DOI: 10.22092/IRN.2019.119033
- Batabyal, A. A., 2004. A note on first step analysis and rangeland management under uncertainty. Journal of arid environments, 59 (1): 159-166.
- Bedunah, D. J., and Angerer, J. P., 2012. Rangeland degradation, poverty, and conflict: how can rangeland scientists contribute to effective responses and solutions?. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65 (6): 606-612. https://doi.org/10.2111/REM-D-11-00155.1
- Bruno, J. E., Leisz, S. J., Bobula, J. S., and Fernández-Giménez, M. E., 2021. Conserving Working Rangelands: A Social–Ecological Case Study from Northeastern Colorado. Land, 10 (12): 1399. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10121399
- Calota, A. M., and Patru-Stupariu, I., 2019. Pasture resilience towards landscape changes: Assessing pastures quality in the context of land-use and land-cover changes in Romania. Eur. J. Geogr, 10: 12-26.
- Cameron, D. R., Marty, J., and Holland, R. F., 2014. Whither the rangeland?: Protection and conversion in California's rangeland ecosystems. PLoS One, 9 (8): e103468. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103468
- Darmiani, N., and Mehrzad, H., 2014. The role of laws and protection in preventing the destruction of forests and rangelands and providing appropriate solutions. the second National Student Conference on Forest Sciences, Karaj.
- Dehdari, S., Armand, N., Faraji, M., Arman, N., and Mosaviyan, J., 2018. The effects of rangeland restoration practices on some soil and vegetation characteristics (Case study: Chahmary-Behbahan rangelands). Rangeland, 12 (3): 305-315 (In Persian with English summary). DOI: 20.1001.1.20080891.1397.12.3.5.3
- Esabu, A., and Ngwenya, H., 2019. Socio-economic factors influencing adoption of conservation agriculture in Moroto district, Uganda. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension, 47 (2): 105-117. DOI:10.17159/2413-3221/2019/v47n2a507
- Farajollahi, A., Asgari, H., Ownagh, M., Mahboubi, M., and Salman Mahini, A., 2020. Socio-economic driving force of the land use change in rangelands and forests of Maraveh Tappeh region. Iranian Journal Rangeland and Desert Research, 27 (4): 682-691 (In Persian with English summary). DOI: 20.1001.1.23222700.2017.5.1.7.5
- Fuhlendorf, S. D., Engle, D. M., Elmore, R. D., Limb, R. F., and Bidwell, T. G., 2012. Conservation of pattern and process: developing an alternative paradigm of rangeland management. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 65 (6): 579-589. DOI:10.2307/23355247
- Ghobadi, L., Moameri, M., and abasi khalaki, M., 2021. Factors affecting on rangelands degradation among ranchers in Namin County's rural areas. Journal Space Economy & Rural Development, 10 (36): 213-234 (In Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.23222131.1400.10.36.10.0
- Hodgkinson, K. C., and Wang, D., 2020. Preventing rangeland degradation: a shared problem for Australia and China. The Rangeland Journal, 42 (5): 323-328. https://doi.org/10.1071/RJ20068
- Kosmas, C., Kairis, O., Karavitis, C., Ritsema, C., Salvati, L., Acikalin, S., and Ziogas, A., 2014. Evaluation and selection of indicators for land degradation and desertification monitoring: methodological approach. Environmental management, 54 (5): 951-970. DOI: 10.1007/s00267-013-0109-6.
- Lade, S. J., Haider, L. J., Engström, G., and Schlüter, M., 2017. Resilience offers escape from trapped thinking on poverty alleviation. Science Advances, 3 (5): e1603043. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603043
- Liniger, H., Mekdaschi, R., Hauert, C., and Gurtner, M., 2011. Sustainable Land Management in Practice: Guidelines and Best Practices for Sub-Saharan Africa, FAO, Rome, Italy.
- Moetamedi, J., Arzani, H., Jafari, M., Farahpour, M., and Zarechahouki, M., 2019. A model for estimating long-term grazing capacity. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Deset Research, 26 (1): 241-259 (In Persian with English summary). https://doi.org/10.22092/ijrdr.2019.119340
- Mohamed, E. S., 2013. Spatial assessment of desertification in north Sinai using modified MEDLAUS model. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6 (12): 4647-4659. DOI:10.1007/s12517-012-0723-2
- Mohebbi, A., 2022. Participatory management framework for physical protection of rangelands. Iran Nature, 7 (1): 25-32 (In Persian). DOI: 10.22092/IRN.2022.356926.1425
- Mohebbi, A., 2019. Investigating the status of implementation of natural resources regulations (pastures) in the cities of Gard and Ghabardasht areas of Sistan. Iran Nature, 4 (5): 17-18 (In Persian)
- Mussa, M., Hashim, H., and Teha, M., 2016. Rangeland degradation: Extent, impacts, and alternative restoration techniques in the rangelands of Ethiopia. Tropical and Subtropical Agroecosystems, 19 (3): 305-318.
- Namazi zade, H., and Rohani Moghaddam, M., 2018. The legal nature of changing land use and properties in Iranian law. Research in jurisprudence and law, 2 (5): 73-84 (In Persian)
- Posthumus, H., and Morris, J., 2010. Implications of CAP reform for land management and runoff control in England and Wales. Land Use Policy, 27 (1): 42-50. DOI:10.1016/j.landusepol.2008.06.002
- Rasouliazar, S., Kordi, A., and Rashidpour, L., 2016. Factors affecting stakeholders non-participation in rangeland management projects. International Journal of Agricultural Science, Research and Technology in Extension and Education Systems, 5 (3): 187-193.
- Reid, R. S., Fernández-Giménez, M. E., and Galvin, K. A., 2014. Dynamics and resilience of rangelands and pastoral peoples around the globe. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 39: 217-242. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-020713-163329
- Reports collection of Golestan Province Natural Resources and watershen management Department, 2022. 70p.
- Riedel, J. L., Casasús, I., and Bernués, A., 2007. Sheep farming intensification and utilization of natural resources in a Mediterranean pastoral agro-ecosystem. Livestock Science, 111 (1-2): 153-163. DOI:10.1016/j.livsci.2006.12.013
- Roudgarmi, P., 2013. Determining effective socio-economic factors in rangeland degradation: A case study of Tehran province, Iran. Range Management and Agroforestry, 34 (1): 12-18.
- Saeedi Geraghani, H.R., Heydari, Q., and Ahmadi, H., 2014. Investigating the effective factors in rangeland degradation from the perspective of users and natural resources experts (Case study: winter rangelands of Anbarabad city). Journal of Rangeland Management, 1 (4): 115-100 (In Persian with English summary)
- Sayre, N. F., McAllister, R. R., Bestelmeyer, B. T., Moritz, M., and Turner, M. D., 2013. Earth stewardship of rangelands: coping with: ecological, economic, and political marginality. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11 (7): 348-354. DOI: 10.1890/120333
- Sharifiyan Bahraman, A., Barani, H., and Sherafatmandrad, M., 2018. Assessment and Comparison of Experts and Exploiters Viewpoints about Effective Factors on Rangeland Degradation (Case study: Aq Qala rangelands). Conservation and Utilization of Natural Resources, 7 (1): 125-141 (In Persian with English summary). DOI: 10.22069/EJANG.2019.8947.1254
- Silva, Y. F., Valadares, R. V., Dias, H. B., Cuadra, S. V., Campbell, E. E., Lamparelli, R. A., and Figueiredo, G. K., 2022. Intense Pasture Management in Brazil in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System Simulated by the DayCent Model. Sustainability, 14 (6): 3517. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063517
- Tanaka, J. A., Brunson, M., and Torell, L. A., 2011. A social and economic assessment of rangeland conservation practices. Conservation benefits of rangeland practices: Assessment, recommendations, and knowledge gaps, 371-422.
- Vejdani, H., Rostami, S., Taleshi, M., Ali Akbari, E., and Jomepour, M., 2019. Investigating range conservation strategies with participatory approach and combining AHP & SWOT method, case study: hamedan province. Iranian Journal Rangeland and Desert Research, 26 (4): 800-808 (In Persian with English summary). DOI: 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120673
- Wijitkosum, S., 2021. Factor influencing land degradation sensitivity and desertification in a drought prone watershed in Thailand. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 9 (2): 217-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2020.10.005
- Wijitkosum, S., 2016. The impact of land use and spatial changes on desertification risk in degraded areas in Thailand. Sustainable Environment Research, 26 (2): 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2015.11.004
- Yu, C., Zhang, X., Zhang, J., Li, S., Song, C., Fang, Y., Wurst, S. and Wu, J., 2016. Grazing exclusion to recover degraded alpine pastures needs scientific assessments across the northern Tibetan Plateau. Sustainability, 8 (11): 1162. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8111162 | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 477 PDF Download: 416 |
||
Journal management system. designed by sinaweb