| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,168 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,197 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,932,196 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,937,594 |
تأثیر اسید سالیسیلیک بر پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه چایترش (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.)، تحت تنش کمبود آب | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 39، شماره 3، مهر 1402، صفحه 367-386 اصل مقاله (701.6 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2023.360963.3269 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بهور اصغری* 1؛ سودابه مفاخری2؛ محمد مهدی ضرابی3 | ||
| 1گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین | ||
| 2هیات علمی دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره) | ||
| 3عضو هیات علمی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سابقه و هدف: چایترش با نام علمی Hibiscus sabdariffa L. گیاهی است که در بسیاری از مناطق دنیا کاشته میشود. چایترش بهعنوان یک گیاه دارویی در طب سنتی نقاط مختلف دنیا برای کنترل و درمان بیماریها و مشکلات جسمی استفاده شده است. این اثرهای درمانی به وجود مواد مؤثرهای مانند کارتنوئیدها، اسیدهای چرب و ترکیبات فنولی مانند فنولیک اسیدها و فلاونوئیدها مرتبط میباشد. یکی از مرسومترین روشها برای تحریک کردن گیاهان مختلف برای تولید مواد مؤثره بیشتر، قرار دادن آنها در معرض یکی از انواع تنشها، مانند خشکی یا شوری، به همراه استفاده از محرکهای رشد گیاهیست. در این مطالعه تأثیر سالیسیلیک اسید بر میزان محتوای فیتوشیمیایی و انواع خواص بیولوژیکی گیاه چایترش در شرایط کمآبی، بررسی شد. مواد و روشها: این آزمایش به صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی، شامل دور آبیاری در سه سطح 3 روز (D1)، 5 روز (D2) و 7 روز (D3) و محلولپاشی با سالیسیلیک اسید در سه سطح (صفر (SA0)، 0.75(SA1) و 1.5 (SA2) میلیمولار، در 3 تکرار در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره) انجام شد. بذرهای مورد نیاز برای کشت، از شرکت پاکان بذر اصفهان تهیه شد. اعمال تنش خشکی با آبیاری در فواصل زمانی 3، 5 و 7 روز در مرحله 4 برگی گیاهان شروع شد و محلولپاشی گیاهان با سالیسیلیک اسید در مرحله شش برگی و 3 روز قبل از شروع تیمارهای آبیاری انجام گردید. برای تعیین سطح پایداری و پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی غشاء، بهترتیب اندازهگیری مقدار نشت الکترولیت و سطح مالون دی آلدئید انجام شد. همچنین اندازهگیری مقدار پرولین و فعالیت سه آنزیم آنتیاکسیدانی پراکسیداز، کاتالاز و آسکوربیت پراکسیداز نیز در نمونههای مختلف انجام شد. همچنین مقدار تام ترکیبات فنولی، فلاونوئیدی و آنتوسیانینی بهعنوان اصلیترین متابولیتهای ثانویه گیاه چایترش نیز اندازهگیری شد. بهعنوان خاصیت بیولوژیکی و دارویی نیز خاصیت مهارکنندگی رادیکالهای آزاد DPPH و آنزیم آلفا-گلوکوزیداز ارزیابی گردید. برای تجزیهوتحلیل دادههای بدست آمده از نرمافزار آماری SAS نسخه 9.4 استفاده شد. مقایسه میانگینهای بدست آمده بهوسیله روش آزمون چند دامنهای دانکن و در سطح 5% انجام گردید. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد که هر دو پارامتر میزان نشت الکترولیت و مقدار مالون دی آلدئید با افزایش سطح خشکی اعمالی بر روی گیاه چایترش، به شکل معنیداری افزایش یافت و اعمال تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید بهطور کلی منجر به کاهش سطح هر دو شاخص شد. همچنین بیشترین مقدار پرولین در گیاهان رشد کرده تحت تیمارهای بالاترین سطح خشکی و محلولپاشی سالیسیلیک اسید بود. فعالیت هر سه آنزیم آنتیاکسیدان با شدت گرفتن سطح خشکی اعمال شده و بالا رفتن غلظت محلولهای سالیسیلیک اسید افزایش یافت. همچنین بالاترین مقدار محتوای فنولی و آنتوسیانینی چایترش، در نمونههای اسپری شده با محلول 1.5 میلیمولار سالسیلیک اسید مشاهده شد. براساس روند تغییرات ایجاد شده در مقدار آنتوسیانین گیاه چایترش میتوان دید که افزایش شدت سطح کمآبی اعمالی نیز باعث بیشتر شدن مقدار این ترکیب در گیاه میگردد. بالاترین قدرت ضدرادیکالی DPPH در نمونههای چایترش رشد کرده تحت بالاترین شدت خشکی و غلیظترین سالیسیلیک اسید (61.93%) مشاهده شد. در تمامی رژیمهای آبیاری نیز بالاترین قدرت آنتیاکسیدانی در نمونههای تیمار شده با غلیظترین محلول سالیسیلیک اسید دیده شد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده بالاترین قدرت مهار آنزیم آلفا-گلوکوزیداز با 69.2% و 67.7% به نمونههای گیاهی رشد کرده در بالاترین سطح خشکی اعمالی که بهترتیب محلولهای 1.5 و 0.75 میلیمولار سالیسیلیک اسید بر روی آنها اسپری شده است، مربوط میباشد. نتیجهگیری: نتایج بدست آمده از این تحقیق نشان داد که استفاده از سالیسیلیک اسید بهعنوان یک تنظیمکننده رشد میتواند با تأثیر بر محتوای متابولیتی بهویژه متابولیتهای ثانویه مانند ترکیبات فنولی و فلاونوئیدی و آنتوسیانینی و بالا بردن پارامترهای دفاعی مانند فعال کردن آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی و افزایش مقدار ترکیبات اسمولیتی مانند پرولین، به گیاه چایترش کمک میکند که مقاومت بیشتری در برابر تنش خشکی داشته باشد و اثرهای منفی این نوع تنش را بر روی این گیاه تقلیل دهد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| تنش کم آبی؛ سالیسیلیک اسید؛ آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدان؛ متابولیتهای ثانویه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of salicylic acid on physiological and phytochemical parameters of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under water shortage stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| B. Asghari1؛ S. Mafakheri2؛ M. M. Zarrabi3 | ||
| 1Department of Horticultural Sciences Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 2Imam Khomeini International University | ||
| 3Imam Khomeini International University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Background and Objectives: Hibiscus sabdariffa L., commonly known as Roselle, is a plant cultivated in many regions of the world regions. Roselle has been used as a medicinal herb in traditional medicine for controlling and treating different diseases and physical ailments. These therapeutic effects are attributed to active compounds such as carotenoids, fatty acids, and phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. One common method to stimulate plants for increased production of active compounds is subjecting them to various types of stresses, such as drought or salinity, along with plant growth regulators. This study investigated salicylic acid's effect on the phytochemical content and various biological properties of Roselle plants under water scarcity conditions. Methodology: The experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design, including irrigation intervals at three levels: three days (D1), five days (D2), and seven days (D3), and foliar application of salicylic acid at three levels: 0 (SA0), 0.75 mM (SA1), and 1.25 mM (SA2), with three replicates in a research greenhouse at the International Imam Khomeini University. The required seeds for cultivation were obtained from Pakanbazr Company in Isfahan. The imposition of drought stress through irrigation intervals of 3, 5, and 7 days started at the 4-leaf stage of the plants, and the plant spraying with salicylic acid was performed at the 6-leaf stage, three days before the start of irrigation treatments. The measurement of electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content was carried out to determine membrane stability and lipid peroxidation level. Additionally, the measurement of proline content and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase, was performed in different samples. Furthermore, the total phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents, as the main secondary metabolites of Roselle plants, were measured. The biological and medicinal properties, including the free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, were also evaluated. The obtained data were analyzed using SAS statistical software version 9.4. Mean comparisons were conducted using Duncan's multiple range test at a significance level of 5%. Results: The results showed both electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde content increased significantly with increasing levels of applied drought stress on Roselle plants. However, overall, applying salicylic acid treatments led to a decrease in both indicators. The measurement of proline content in Roselle samples showed that the highest amount of proline was observed in plants subjected to the highest drought stress and treated with the 1.5 mM salicylic acid solution. The activity of all three antioxidant enzymes increased with the intensity of the applied drought stress and the concentration of salicylic acid solutions. Roselle's highest levels of phenolic and anthocyanin content were observed in samples sprayed with 1.5 mM salicylic acid solution. The change in anthocyanin content of Roselle plants also demonstrated that increasing the severity of water scarcity resulted in higher levels of this compound. The highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity was observed in Roselle samples grown under the highest drought severity and sprayed with the highest concentration of salicylic acid (61.93%). The highest antioxidant activity was also observed in samples treated with the highest concentration of salicylic acid solution in all irrigation regimes. The highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (69.2% and 67.7%) was associated with Roselle samples grown under the highest applied drought severity, sprayed with 1.5 mM and 0.75 mM salicylic acid solutions, respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the use of salicylic acid as a growth regulator can contribute to the enhancement of phytochemical content, especially secondary metabolites such as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, anthocyanins, and the elevation of defensive parameters such as the activation of antioxidant enzymes, as well as an increase in osmolyte content like proline in Roselle plants. These effects assist the plants in exhibiting greater resistance to drought stress and mitigating the negative impacts of this type of stress on the plant. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Water shortage stress, salicylic acid, antioxidant enzymes, secondary metabolites | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abdelkader, M.A.I. and Hamad, E.H.A., 2014. Response of growth, yield and chemical constituents of roselle plant to foliar application of ascorbic acid and salicylic acid. Global Journal of Food and Agricultural Sciences, 1(2): 126-136. - Abou-Arab, A.A., Abu-Salem, F.M. and Abou-Arab, E.A., 2011. Physico-chemical properties of natural pigments (Anthocyanin) extracted from Roselle calyces (Hibiscus subdariffa). Journal of American science, 7(7): 445-456. - Ademiluyi, A.O. and Oboh, G., 2013. Aqueous extracts of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn.) varieties inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities in vitro. Journal of medicinal food, 16(1): 88-93. - Agati, G., Matteini, P., Goti, A. and Tattini, M., 2007. Chloroplast-located flavonoids can scavenge singlet oxygen. New Phytologist, 174: 77-89. - Ali, M.B., Salih, W.M., Mohamed, A.H. and Homeida, A.M., 1991. Investigation of the antispasmodic potential of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 31(2): 249-257. - Aryal, S., Baniya, M.K., Danekhu, K., Kunwar, P., Gurung, R. and Koirala, N., 2019. Total phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant potential of wild vegetables from Western Nepal. Plants, 8(4): 96. - Asghari, B., Habibzadeh, F. and Ghorbani Nohooji, M., 2019. Persian Thyme (Thymus persicus): a plant containing active metabolites with antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer effects. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 18(70): 97-109. - Asghari, B., Mafakheri, S. and Rejali, F., 2021. Assessment of morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics of Thymus kotschyanus Boiss. and hohen under different bio and chemical fertilizers. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 23(6): 1309-1325. - Azad, N., Rezayian, M., Hassanpour, H., Niknam, V. and Ebrahimzadeh, H., 2021. Physiological mechanism of salicylic acid in Mentha pulegium L. under salinity and drought stress. Brazilian Journal of Botany, 44(2): 359-369. - Bule, M., Albelbeisi, A.H., Nikfar, S., Amini, M. and Abdollahi, M., 2020. The antidiabetic and antilipidemic effects of Hibiscus sabdariffa: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Food Research International, 130: 108980. - Chaves, M.M., Maroco, J.P. and Pereira, J.S., 2003. Understanding plant responses to drought-from genes to the whole plant. Functional Plant Biology, 30(3): 239-264. - Christian, K.R. and Jackson, J.C., 2009. Changes in total phenolic and monomeric anthocyanin composition and antioxidant activity of three varieties of sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) during maturity. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22: 663-667. - Da-Costa-Rocha, I., Bonnlaender, B., Sievers, H., Pischel, I. and Heinrich, M., 2014. Hibiscus sabdariffa L.-A phytochemical and pharmacological review. Food chemistry, 165: 424-443. - Damalas, C.A., 2019. Improving drought tolerance in sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) with salicylic acid. Scientia Horticulturae, 246: 360-365. - Delfine, S., Loreto, F., Pinelli, P., Tognetti, R. and Alvino, A., 2005. Isoprenoids content and photosynthetic limitations in rosemary and spearmint plants under water stress. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 106; 243-252. - Demidchik, V., 2015. Mechanisms of oxidative stress in plants: from classical chemistry to cell biology. Environmental and experimental botany, 109: - Dianat, M., Saharkhiz, M.J. and Tavassolian, I., 2016. Salicylic acid mitigates drought stress in Lippia citriodora L. effects on biochemical traits and essential oil yield. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 8: 286-293. - Dong, J., Wan, G. and Liang, Z., 2010. Accumulation of salicylic acid-induced phenolic compounds and raised activities of secondary metabolic and antioxidative enzymes in Salvia miltiorrhiza cell culture. Journal of biotechnology, 148(2-3): 99-104. - Ezzat, S.M., Salama, M.M., Seif el-Din, S.H., Saleh, S., El-Lakkany, N.M., Hammam, O.A., Salem, M.B. and Botros, S.S., 2016. Metabolic profile and hepatoprotective activity of the anthocyanin-rich extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces. Pharmaceutical biology, 54(12): 3172-3181. - Fabriki-Ourang, S. and Shahabzadeh, H.S., 2018. The effect of salicylic acid and methyl-jasmonate on antioxidant properties and physiological traits of greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.) under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 34(2): 218-234. - Fahad, S., Hussain, S., Bano, A., Saud, S., Hassan, S., Shan, D., Khan, F.A., Khan, F., Chen, Y., Wu, C. and Tabassum, M.A., 2015. Potential role of phytohormones and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria in abiotic stresses: consequences for changing environment. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(7): 4907-4921. - Fathi, A. and Bahamin, S., 2018. The effect of irrigation levels and foliar application (zinc, humic acid and salicylic acid) on growth characteristics, yield and yield components of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Environmental Stresses in Crop Sciences, 11(3): 661-674. - Gao, S., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Huang, Y., Liu, H., Chen, W. and He, X., 2020. Effects of drought stress on growth, physiology and secondary metabolites of Two Adonis species in Northeast China. Scientia Horticulturae, 259: 108795. - Gheshlaghpour, J., Asghari, B., Khademian, R. and Sedaghati, B., 2021. Silicon alleviates cadmium stress in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) through alteration of phytochemical and physiological characteristics. Industrial Crops and Products, 163: 113338. - Ghosh, U.K., Islam, M.N., Siddiqui, M.N., Cao, X. and Khan, M.A.R., 2022. Proline, a multifaceted signaling molecule in plant responses to abiotic stress: understanding the physiological mechanisms. Plant Biology, 24(2): 227-239. - Gómez-Aldapa, C.A., Rangel-Vargas, E., Torres-Vitela, M.R., Villarruel-López, A., Acevedo-Sandoval, O.A., Gordillo-Martínez, A.J., Godínez-Oviedo, A. and Castro-Rosas, J., 2018. Antibacterial activities of Hibiscus sabdariffa extracts and chemical sanitizers directly on green leaves contaminated with foodborne pathogens. Journal of food protection, 81(2): 209-217. - Heydarnejadiyan, H., Maleki, A. and Babaei, F., 2021. Effects of zinc nanofertilizer and salicylic acid on yield and yield components of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) under drought stress conditions. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 37(1): 145-161. - Hinojosa-Gómez, J., San Martin-Hernández, C., Heredia, J.B., León-Félix, J., Osuna-Enciso, T. and Muy-Rangel, M.D., 2018. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) cultivars calyx produced hydroponically: Physicochemical and nutritional quality. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 78: 478-485. - Hinojosa-Gómez, J., San Martín-Hernández, C., Heredia, J.B., León-Félix, J., Osuna-Enciso, T. and Muy-Rangel, M.D., 2020. Anthocyanin induction by drought stress in the calyx of roselle cultivars. Molecules, 25(7): 1555-1565. - Irato, P. and Santovito, G., 2021. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic molecules with antioxidant function. Antioxidants, 10(4): 579. - Ismail, A., Ikram, E.H.K. and Nazri, H.S.M., 2008. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds nutritional composition protein quality and health benefits. Food, 2(1): 1-16. - Jain, M., Mathur, G., Koul, S. and Sarin, N., 2001. Ameliorative effects of proline on salt stress-induced lipid peroxidation in cell lines of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Plant Cell Reports, 20(5): 463-468. - Jambunathan, N., 2010. Determination and detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage in plants. In Plant stress tolerance. 291-297, Humana press. - Kabera, J.N., Semana, E., Mussa, A.R. and He, X., 2014. Plant secondary metabolites: biosynthesis, classification, function and pharmacological properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2(7): 377-392. - Kedare, S.B. and Singh, R.P., 2011. Genesis and development of DPPH method of antioxidant assay. Journal of food science and technology, 48: - Khademian, R., GhorbaniNohooji, M. and Asghari, B., 2019. Effect of jasmonic acid on physiological and phytochemical attributes and antioxidant enzymes activity in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under Water Deficient. Journal of Medicinal plants, 18(72): 122-134. - Khalid, H., Abdalla, W.E., Abdelgadir, H., Opatz, T. and Efferth, T., 2012. Gems from traditional north-African medicine: medicinal and aromatic plants from Sudan. Natural products and bioprospecting, 2(3): 92-103. - Khalil, N., Fekry, M., Bishr, M., El-Zalabani, S. and Salama, O., 2018. Foliar spraying of salicylic acid induced accumulation of phenolics, increased radical scavenging activity and modified the composition of the essential oil of water stressed Thymus vulgaris L. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 123: 65-74. - Khan, Z., Khan, M.N., Zhang, K., Luo, T., Zhu, K. and Hu, L., 2021. The application of biochar alleviated the adverse effects of drought on the growth, physiology, yield and quality of rapeseed through regulation of soil status and nutrients availability. Industrial Crops and Products, 171: 113878. - Khazaei, Z., Esmaielpour, B. and Estaji, A., 2020. Ameliorative effects of ascorbic acid on tolerance to drought stress on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 26(8): 1649-1662. - Latif, F., Ullah, F., Mehmood, S., Khattak, A., Khan, A.U., Khan, S. and Husain, I., 2016. Effects of salicylic acid on growth and accumulation of phenolics in Zea mays L. under drought stress. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B-Soil & Plant Science, 66(4): 325-332. - Lehmann, S., Funck, D., Szabados, L. and Rentsch, D., 2010. Proline metabolism and transport in plant development. Amino acids, 39(4): 949-962. - Leung, A.Y. and Foster, S., 1996. Encyclopaedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics, 2nd ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York. - Maganha, E.G., da Costa Halmenschlager, R., Rosa, R.M., Henriques, J.A.P., de Paula Ramos, A.L.L. and Saffi, J., 2010. Pharmacological evidences for the extracts and secondary metabolites from plants of the genus Hibiscus. Food chemistry, 118(1): 1-10. - Minhas, P.S., Rane, J. and Pasala, R.K., 2017. Abiotic stresses in agriculture: An overview. Abiotic stress management for resilient agriculture, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd, Singapore, 3-8. - Mirshekari, M., Einali, A. and Valizadeh, J., 2017. Physiological and biochemical responses of Hibiscus sabdariffa to drought stress in the presence of salicylic acid. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 9(2): 21-38. - Mishra, K., Ojha, H. and Chaudhury, N.K., 2012. Estimation of antiradical properties of antioxidants using DPPH assay: A critical review and results. Food chemistry, 130(4): 1036-1043. - Mobinikhaledi, A., Asghari, B. and Jabbarpour, M., 2015. Design and synthesis of new benzimidazole and pyrimidine derivatives as α-glucosidase inhibitor. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research, 14(3): 723. - Mohammadi, H., Pirmoradi, M.R., Moghaddam, M., Shamshiri, M.H. and Mirzaabolghasemi, M.A., 2022. Effects of salicylic acid on physiological, biochemical, nutrient uptake, and essential oil percentage of Ocimum basilicum cv. Keshkeni luvelou under salinity stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 38(3): 464-475. - Nakano, Y. and Asada, K., 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology, 22: 867-880. - Piovesana, A., Rodrigues, E. and Noreña, C.P.Z., 2019. Composition analysis of carotenoids and phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity from hibiscus calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) by HPLC‐DAD‐MS/MS. Phytochemical Analysis, 30(2): - Rasheed, D.M., Porzel, A., Frolov, A., El Seedi, H.R., Wessjohann, L.A. and Farag, M.A., 2018. Comparative analysis of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) hot and cold extracts in respect to their potential for α-glucosidase inhibition. Food chemistry, 250: 236-244. - Riaz, G. and Chopra, R., 2018. A review on phytochemistry and therapeutic uses of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 102: 575-586. - Sedaghat, M., Tahmasebi-Sarvestani, Z., Emam, Y. and Mokhtassi-Bidgoli, A., 2017. Physiological and antioxidant responses of winter wheat cultivars to strigolactone and salicylic acid in drought. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 119: 59-69. - Seki, M., Umezawa, T., Urano, K. and Shinozaki, K., 2007. Regulatory metabolic networks in drought stress responses. Current opinion in plant biology, 10(3): 296-302. - Seraj, R.G.M., Behnamian, M., Ahmadikhah, A., Shariati, V. and Dezhsetan, S., 2021. Chitosan and salicylic acid regulate morpho-physiological and phytochemical parameters and improve water-deficit tolerance in milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.). Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 43(7): 1-17. - Sheyhakinia, S., Bamary, Z., Einali, A. and Valizadeh, J., 2020. The induction of salt stress tolerance by jasmonic acid treatment in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seedlings through enhancing antioxidant enzymes activity and metabolic changes. Biologia, 75(5): 681-692. - Sindi, H.A., Marshall, L.J. and Morgan, M.R.A., 2014. Comparative chemical and biochemical analysis of extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa. Food Chemistry, 164: 23-29. - Upadhyaya, A., Sankhla, D., Davis, T.D., Sankhla, N. and Smith, B.N., 1985. Effect of paclobutrazol on the activities of some enzymes of activated oxygen metabolism and lipid peroxidation in senescing soybean leaves. Journal of plant physiology, 121(5): 453-461. - Wright, C.I., Van-Buren, L., Kroner, C.I. and Koning, M.M.G., 2007. Herbal medicines as diuretics: a review of the scientific evidence. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 114(1): 1-31. - Yadegari, M., 2022. Effects of NPK, botamisol, and humic acid on morphophysiological traits and essential oil of three Satureja species under drought stress. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 38(1): 61-80. - Yazici, I., Türkan, I., Sekmen, A.H. and Demiral, T., 2007. Salinity tolerance of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) is achieved by enhanced antioxidative system, lower level of lipid peroxidation and proline accumulation. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 61(1): 49-57. - Yousefvand, P., Sohrabi, Y., Heidari, G., Weisany, W. and Mastinu, A., 2022. Salicylic acid stimulates defense systems in allium hirtifolium grown under water deficit stress. Molecules, 27(10): 3083. - Zarrabi, M., Asghari, B., Maryamabadi, A., Mohebbi, G. and Rashvand, S., 2019. Phytochemical Properties and Inhibitory and Antioxidant Effects of the Decoction, Infusion and Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of Nepeta Racemosa on α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase. Iranian South Medical Journal, 22(2): 90-105. - Zhang, X., Ervin, E.H., Evanylo, G.K. and Haering, K.C., 2009. Impact of biosolids on hormone metabolism in drought‐stressed tall fescue. Crop Science, 49(5): 1893-1901. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 966 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 773 |
||