| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,019 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,736 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,976,903 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 46,606,960 |
اثر پایه بر غلظت عناصر غذایی برگ و عملکرد دو رقم پسته (.Pistacia vera L) اکبری و برگ سیاه | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 38، شماره 4، دی 1401، صفحه 473-496 اصل مقاله (1.2 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/spj.2023.362366.1310 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالحمید شرافتی1؛ مهرنوش اسکندری تربقان* 2 | ||
| 1مربی، بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی-باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران. | ||
| 2پژوهشگر، بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| انتخاب پایه مناسب و رقم پربازده از اصول اولیه احداث باغ پسته است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر پایههای متعلق بهگونه Pistacia vera L. بر غلظت عناصر غذایی در برگ و عملکرد دو رقم پسته بود. این پژوهش با استفاده از شش پایه پسته اکبری، بادامی سفید فیضآباد، بادامی زرند، برگسیاه، کلهقوچی و سرخس و دو رقم اکبری و برگسیاه به صورت طرح کرتهای خرد شده در قالب بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار و به مدت دو سال (1399 و 1400) در ایستگاه تحقیقات پسته خراسان رضوی اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد که نوع پایه بر غلظت عناصر غذایی نیتروژن، کلسیم، منیزیم، آهن، روی، مس و بور در برگ در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار بود. پایه سرخس، موجب بیشترین غلظت مس و کمترین غلظت بور در برگ شد. همچنین پایههای اکبری و سرخس با 0/063و 0/069کمترین و پایه بادامی سفید فیضآباد با 0/126بیشترین نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم برگ را داشتند. ترکیب پیوندی پایه برگ سیاه و رقم اکبری، دارای بیشترین غلظت بور در برگ (337/8میلیگرم در کیلوگرم)، و رقم اکبری روی پایه سرخس، کمترین غلظت بور در برگ (221/2میلیگرم در کیلوگرم) بود. پایه سرخس و برگ سیاه با 9/58و 3/33 کیلوگرم در درخت بهترتیب بیشترین و کمترین تأثیر بر عملکرد پسته تر را داشتند. همچنین رقم اکبری روی پایه سرخس بیشترین تعداد جوانه گل در شاخه انتهایی را داشت و با 11/92 کیلوگرم دردرخت بیشترین عملکرد پسته تر را دارا بود. در مجموع رقم اکبری روی پایه سرخس دارای بیشترین کارایی ترکیب پایه- پیوندک بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پسته؛ رقم اکبری؛ بور؛ منگنز؛ فسفر؛ پتاس | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of Rootstock on Leaf Nutrients Concentration and Yield of Two Pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) Cultivars Akbari and Barg Siah | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Sherafati1؛ M. Eskandari Torbaghan2 | ||
| 1. Researcher, Field and Horticulture Crops Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| 2Researcher, Soil and Water Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Selection of suitable pistachio rootstock and compatible cultivar are the fundamentals for establishing a pistachio orchard. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Pistacia vera L. rootstocks on leaf nutrients concentration and yield of two pistachio cultivars. The rootstocks included; Akbari, Badami Sefid, Badami Zarand, Barg Siah, Kaleghochi, and Sarakhs, and two pistachio cultivars; Akbari and Barg Siah were evaluated as factorial split-plot arrangements in randomized complete block design with three replications in Feizabad pistachio research station in 2020-2021. Results showed that rootstock had significant (P<0.01) effect on the concentration of leaf nitrogen, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper and boron. Sarakhs rootstock caused the highest leaf copper concentration and the lowest boron concentration. Also, Akbari and Sarakhs rootstocks had the lowest Na: K ratio with 0.063 and 0.069, respectively. Badami Sefid rootstock had the highest Na: K ratio with 0.126. Akbari cultivar grafted on Barg Siah rootstock had the highest leaf boron concentration (337.8 mg kg-1), and cv. Akbari grafted on Sarakhs rootstock showed the lowest leaf boron concentration (221.2 mg kg-1). Sarakhs and Barg Siah rootstocks with 9.58 and 3.33 kg tree-1, respectively, had the highest and lowest effect on fresh yield. Furthermore, cv. Akbari grafted on Sarakhs rootstock had the highest number of flower buds on terminal shoot, and the highest fresh yield with 11.92 kg tree-1. In conclusion, cv. Akbari grafted on Sarakhs rootstock was identified as the most efficient rootstock-scion combination. | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abtahi, A. 2001. Response of seedlings of two pistachio cultivars to quantity and composition of soil salinity under greenhouse conditions. Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources 5 (1): 93-101 (in Persian).
Acton, Q. 2012. Carbonate-advances in research and application: Adish, M., Fekri, M., and Hokmabadi, H. 2010. Response of Badami-Zarand pistachio rootstocks to salinity stress. International Journal of Nuts Science 1 (1): 1-11 (in Persian). DOI:10.22034/JON.2010.515761
Alipour, H., and Razavi Nasab, A. 2020. Investigation of qualitative characteristics, nutrient concentration and yield of six commercial pistachio cultivars on tissue culture of Badami-Zarand. Pistachio Science and Technology 4 (8): 1-16 (in Persian).
AK, B. E., and Turker, S. 2005. Effect of different Rootstocks on phonological stages and vegetative growth of some pistachio cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 726. IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds. Tehran, Iran. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2006.726.33.
Anonymous. 2022. Statistical Yearbook of Agriculture: Volume 3: Horticultural Products. Information Technology and Communication Center, Deputy of Planning and Economy, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture, Tehran, Iran. 328 pp. (in Persian).
Atli, H. S., and Kaska, N. 2001. Pistachio rootstocks breeding by crossing Pistacia vera and Pistacia khinjuk. Acta Horticulturae 591. 3rd International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds. Zaragoza, Spain. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2002.591.9
Barone, E., Sottile, F., Palazzolo E., and Caruso, T. 1998. Effect of rootstock on trunk growth and foliar mineral content in cv. ‘Bianca’ pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) trees. Acta Horticulturae 470: 394-401. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.1998.470.54
Berger, K. 1949. Boron in soils and crops. Advances in Agronomy 1: 321–351.
Bolandnazar, S., Grigorian, V., and Shirzad, A. 2009. Assessment of the adaptability of some pistachio cultivars in Azarshahr Region of Iran. Acta Horticulturae 912. Proceedings of the 5th Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds. October 6-10, Sanliurfa, Turkey. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2011.912.61
Esmail Pour, A. 2000. Investigation of the effects of pistachio rootstocks and scion. Research Project Final Report. Registered no. 80/213. Pistachio Research Institute. Rafsanjan, Iran. 36 pp. (in Persian).
Esmail Pour, A., Emami, S. Y., Basirat, M., Tajabadipour, A., Hosseinifard, S. J., Haghdel, M., Hokmabadi, H., Shaker Ardakani, A., Sedaghat, R., Sedaghati, N., Alavi, S. H., Mohamadi, A. H., and Hashemirad, H. 2020. Iranian Pistachios. Education and Agricultural Extension Press. 368 pp. (in Persian).
Emami, A. 1996. Methods of plant analysis. Soil and Water Research Institute, Technical Publication No. 982. Tehran, Iran, 128 pp. (in Persian)
Ferguson, L. 1995. Pistachio production. Center of Fruit and Nut Crop Research and Information. Department of Pomology, University of California. 2037 Wickson Hall. Davis, CA95616, USA. 160 pp.
Ferguson, L., and Haviland, D. R. 2016. Pistachio production Manual. University of California- Agriculture and Natural Resources. 334 pp.
Jalili Marandi, R. 2010. Physiology of environmental stresses and resistance mechanisms in horticultural plants (fruit trees, vegetables, ornamental and medicinal plants). West Azarbayjan Jihad-e- Daneshghahi publication. Urumieh, Iran. (in Persian). 1305 pp.
Keren, R. 1996. Boron. pp. 603-626. In: Sparks, D. L., Page, A. L., Helmke, P. A., and Leoppert, R. H. (eds.) Methods of soil analysis. Part 3. Chemical methods. Soil Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy. Madison, WI.
Manteghi, N. 1968. Full description of decomposition methods on soil and water samples. Soil and Water Institute of Iran. Technical Publication 168: 98-116 (in Persian). Mulder, D. 1954. Les elements mineurs en culture fruitiere. Convegno Nazionale Fruitticoltura: 118-98. Frenc: Montana de Saint Vincent.
Nable R. O., Bañuelos G. S., and Paull, J. G. 1997. Boron toxicity. Plant and Soil 193: 181-198. DOI: 10.1023/A:1004272227886.
Najafi, M., and Taheri, M. 2015. Phenological and pomological characteristics of five pistachio cultivars in Mahneshan, Zanjan. Seed and Plant Improvement Journal 31 (4): 565-580 (in Persian). DOI:10.22092/spij.2017.111276.
Naghshineh Pour, B. 1989. Fundamentals of soil science: Soil fertility aspects. Volume 2: Publication No. 114/30. Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz Publication, Ahwaz, Iran. 270 pp. (in Persian).
Polito, V. S. 1999. Seed lessness and parthenocarpy in P. vera L. (Anacardiaceae): Temporal changes in patterns of vascular transport to ovules. Annals of Botany 83 (4): 363-368. DOI:10.1006/anbo.1998.0830.
Rajabzadeh, M., Vezvaei, A., Ebadi, A., and Panahi, B. 2014. Fruit set patterns as related to ovary development in four commercial pistachio cultivars. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 44 (4): 461-468 (in Persian). DOI:10.22059/IJHS.2013.50370
Ryan, J., Estefan G., and Rashid, A. 2001. Soil and plant analysis laboratory manual. 2nd edition. International Center for Agriculture Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). Aleppo, Syria. 172 pp.
Richards, L. A. 1954. Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkaline soils. Agricultural handbook no. 60. United State Department of Agriculture. Washington DC.160 pp.
Sepaskhah, A. R., and Maftoun, M. 1988. Relative salt tolerance of pistachio cultivars. Journal of Horticultural Science 63 (1): 157-162. DOI:10.1080/14620316.1988.11515841
Sherafati, A. 2013. Pistachio cultivation in saline soil. Education and Agricultural Promotion Press. 118 pp. (in Persian).
Sherafati, A., Arzani, K., and Ramzani Moghadam, M. R. 2013. Assessment of flowering and bearing of twelve pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars under Khorasan environmental conditions. Seed and Plant Journal 29 (2): 243-256 (in Persian). DOI:10.22092/SPIJ.2017.111155
Sherafati, A., Eskandari Torbaghan, M., and Hasheminasab, H. 2022. The ability of new pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) genotypes seedlings to absorb nutrients from soil under saline conditions. Journal of Research in Horticultural Science. 1 (1):135-152 (in Persian). DOI:10.22092/RHSJ.2022.128462
Sherafati, A., and Hokmabadi, H. 2015. Effect of some pistachio rootstocks on nutrients uptake of two pistachio cultivars (Akbari and Barg Siah). Pistachio Science and Technology 1 (1): 32-43 (in Persian).
Sherafati, A., Taherian, M., and Hasheminasab, H. 2023. The study of vegetative and bearing characteristics of promising pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) genotypes in the climatic conditions of Khorasan Razavi. Pistachio Science and Technology 7 (12): 42-71 (in Persian).
Tabatabaei, S. J. 2013. Principles of mineral nutrition of plants. Tabriz University Publication. Tabriz, Iran. 562 pp. (in Persian).
Talaei, A. R., Esmaeili Zadeh, M., Lesani, H., Javanshah, A., and Hokmabadi, H. 2010. Effect of shoot girdling, fruit thinning, urea, zinc sulfate and sucrose application on inflorescence bud retention in pistachio cv. ‘Ohadi’. Iranian. Journal of Horticultural Science 41 (3): 265-274 (in Persian). DOI: 20.1001.1.2008482.1389.41.3.5.3 (in Persian).
Tavallali, V., and Rahemi, M. 2007. Effects of rootstock on nutrient acquisition by quality of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences 2 (3): 240-246.
Ulusarac, A., and Karaca, R. 1995. Rootstocks selection for pistachio nut (P. vera L.) varieties. Acta Horticulturae: 419: 293-298. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.1995.419.48.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 213 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 185 |
||