نرخ استقرار نسبی و ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann, 1802)(Hemiptera: Aphididae) روی پایههای هیبرید امیدبخش سیب | ||
| Journal of Entomological Society of Iran | ||
| Volume 43, Issue 3, May 1402, Pages 233-245 PDF (1.26 M) | ||
| Document Type: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| DOI: 10.61186/jesi.43.3.4 | ||
| Authors | ||
| مسعود لطیفیان* ; داریوش آتشکار; راضیه قائمی | ||
| سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، پژوهشکده میوههای معتدله و سردسیری، کرج، ایران | ||
| Abstract | ||
| شته مومی Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hem.: Aphididae) یکی از آفات اصلی سیب در سراسر جهان است. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب در 10 ژنوتیپ انتخابی از میان نتاج امیدبخش حاصل از هیبریداسیون و گردهافشانی آزاد ژنوتیپهای پاکوتاه بومی سیب (آزایش اصفهان و مربائی مشهد) به عنوان والد مادری، و پایههای رویشی تجاری سیب (M9, M27, B9) به عنوان والد پدری بود. این پروژه طی سالهای 1399 تا 1401 انجام شد. نظارت بر کلونیهای شته مومی سیب هر 2 هفته یکبار از ابتدای فروردین تا آبانماه انجام شد. در ادامه بررسی، نرخ استقرار نسبی و شاخص ترجیح شته محاسبه شد. صفات رویشی شامل درصد ریشهزایی، تعداد ریشه تولید شده، طول ناحیه ریشهزا روی پایکها، طول ریشهها و تعداد پایک تولید شده اندازهگیری گردید. برای تفکیک هیبریدها، روش تحلیل خوشهای و درجه تأثیر صفات مختلف بر شاخصها از طریق تجزیه و تحلیل رابطه همبستگی بکار رفت. میانگین نرخ استقرار و شاخص ترجیح به ترتیب معادل 14/0 ± 42/2 و 06/0 ± 96/0 بود. غیرحساسترین و حساسترین پایه هیبرید به ترتیب Azop3(1386) وM9op3 بودند. برخی از خصوصیات رویشی پایههای هیبرید از جمله میانگین طول ریشه تولیدی پایک در بروز تفاوتهای پایههای هیبرید سیب مورد مطالعه از نظر نرخ استقرار و ترجیح میزبانی شته مومی سیب مؤثر بودهاند. نتایج این پژوهش در برنامههای اصلاحی آینده ارقام سیب کاربرد دارد. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| سیب; آفات; مدیریت آفات; مقاومت گیاهی; ژنوتیپهای پاکوتاه | ||
| References | ||
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