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تعیین شرایط بهینه آزمون جوانه‌زنی استاندارد بذر خاکشیر (Descurainia sophia) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 12، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 30، تیر 1402، صفحه 65-78 اصل مقاله (633.43 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2023.360608.1461 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بیتا اسکویی1؛ عباس ده شیری2؛ حدیث افشار3؛ الهه قیصری2؛ علی شایان فر* 1 | ||
| 1سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال-کرج – ایران | ||
| 2سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال-کرج – ایران | ||
| 31- عضو هیئت علمی مؤسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال، سازمان تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور تعیین شرایط آزمون جوانه‌زنی استاندارد بذر خاکشیر (Descurainia sophia)، آزمایشی بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار طراحی و اجرا گردید. بذرهای خاکشیر در سه تیمار نیترات پتاسیم (2 گرم در هزار میلی‌لیتر آب مقطر)، سرمادهی مرطوب (7 روز در دمای 7 تا 10 درجه سانتی‌گراد) و غوطه‌وری (24 ساعت در آب مقطر)، و دو بستر کشت سلولزی روی کاغذی و بین کاغذی و همچنین بستر کشت ماسه، و در شش دمای 10، 15، 20، 25، 20-30 و 35 درجه سانتی‌گراد در ژرمیناتور به مدت 14 روز قرار گرفتند و شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی ارزیابی گردید. پس از مقایسه سه تیمار نیترات پتاسیم، سرمادهی مرطوب و غوطه‌وری با شاهد، بالاترین سرعت جوانه‌زنی در تیمار سرمادهی مرطوب در دمای 15 درجه سانتی‌گراد مشاهده شد. کمترین مقدار شاخص‌های جوانه‌زنی و بالاترین درصد بذرهای مرده در دو دمای 25 و 35 درجه سانتی‌گراد مشاهده شد. بهترین تیمار در راستای ارتقای جوانه‌زنی و بنیه گیاهچه خاکشیر استفاده از محلول نیترات پتاسیم و بهترین دما برای حصول حداکثر جوانه‌زنی، دماهای 10 و 15 درجه سانتی‌گراد بود. بسترهای روی و بین کاغذی نیز جوانه‌زنی بالاتری را نسبت به ماسه حاصل کردند. در مجموع پیشنهاد می‌گردد تیمار نیترات پتاسیم در دمای 10 درجه سانتی‌گراد در دو بستر روی و بین کاغذی و تیمار نیترات پتاسیم در دمای 15 درجه سانتی‌گراد در بستر ماسه، بهترین شرایط برای ارزیابی جوانه‌زنی استاندارد بذرهای خاکشیر است، زیرا بالاترین درصد جوانه‌زنی نهایی، گیاهچه عادی و بنیه وزنی گیاهچه، و پایین‌ترین درصد بذرهای مرده را حاصل می-نمایند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| "خاکشیر"؛ "دمای جوانه زنی"؛ "شرایط محیطی"؛ " گیاه داروئی"؛ "نیترات پتاسیم" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Optimal condition determination for Flixweed standard seed germination test (Descurainia sophia) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bita Oskouei1؛ Abbas Dehshiri2؛ Hadis Afshar3؛ Elahe Gheysari2؛ Ali Shayanfar1 | ||
| 1Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute (SPCRI), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| An experiment was implemented based on completely randomized design with four replications to determine standard Flixweed (Descurainia sophia) germination test condition. Flixweed seeds were placed in germinator for 14 days under 6 temperatures 10, 15, 20, 25, 20-30, 35ºC exposed to three treatments of potassium nitrate (2 grams per 1000 ml of distilled water), pre-chilling (7-10ºC for 7 days), pre-soaking (24h in distilled water), two cellulose substrates of top paper and between paper, and sands. Then, germination indexes were assessed. After comparison of three mentioned treatments (potassium nitrate, pre-chilling, and pre-soaking) with control it was demonstrated that the highest germination rate belonged to pre-chilling in 15ºC.The lowest amount of germination indices and the highest percentage of dead seeds were found in 25 and 35ºC. The best treatment to improve germination and seedling vigor was applying of potassium nitrate and optimal temperatures to reach maximum of germination was 10 and 15ºC. Higher germination was achieved when top and between paper substrate were used than sand. In total, it was suggested that it would be better for potassium nitrate to be under 10 and 15ºC when top and between paper and sand were applied, respectively to optimal condition for standard germination determination was achieved, because the highest percentage of final germination, normal seedlings, and seedling weight vigor, and also the lowest percentage of dead seeds were observed. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Environmental condition, Flixweed, Germination temperature, Medicinal plant, Potassium nitrate | ||
| مراجع | ||
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