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ارزیابی تنوع و روابط عملکرد علوفه و اجزاء آن در جمعیتهای مختلف پنج گونه گون علوفهای (Astragalus spp.) در استان کردستان | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 29، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 89، دی 1401، صفحه 562-578 اصل مقاله (889.98 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2022.128074 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| بایزید یوسفی* 1؛ صدیقه زارع کیا2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناسارشد بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با هدف برآورد تنوع ژنتیکی و روابط بین صفات در گونهای علفی چندساله، تعداد 10 جمعیت متعلق به گونههایAstragalus vegetus ،A. brevidens ،A. brachyodontus ، A. effususو A. cyclophyllus در سنندج در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار بررسی گردیدند. کاشت بذور در مزرعه در آبان 1397 و صفات روی بوتههای دوساله در آخر اردیبهشت 1399 اندازهگیری گردید. بین جمعیتها از لحاظ صفات مورد بررسی اختلافات معنیداری در سطوح احتمال 1% و 5% وجود داشت. میانگین کل استقرار گیاهان برابر 26%، تعداد شاخه اولیه2/3 عدد، میانگین ارتفاع، طول بلندترین ساقه و قطر تاج بهترتیب 9/16، 2/19 و 4/15سانتیمتر، طول و عرض ریشه بهترتیب 4/17 و 2/6 سانتیمتر، وزن تر کل بوته، بخش هوایی و ریشه آن بهترتیب 3/2، 9/1 و 4/0، وزن خشک کل بوته، بخش هوایی و ریشه آن بهترتیب 9/0، 7/0 و 2/0 گرم، نسبت وزن خشک به تازه بوته برابر 38/0، طول و عرض برگ و طول و عرض برگچه بهترتیب 5/7 ، 7/3 ، 3/2 و 5/0 سانتیمتر با متوسط 7/7 برگچه در برگ بود. جمعیت A. effusus دره شهداء و سه جمعیت گونه A. vegetus (زرشک ، سارال و قره باغ) جمعیتهای برتر برای عملکرد علوفه بودند. وزن بوته با درجه شادابی، طول و عرض برگ دارای همبستگی مثبت در سطح 05/0 و با ارتفاع و قطر تاج بوته، تعداد شاخههای اولیه، طول و عرض ریشه و وزن بخش هوایی و ریشه دارای رابطه مثبت و معنیدار (01/0 ≥ p) بود. مطابق نتایج رگرسیون گام به گام عملکرد علوفه بر سایر صفات، وزن بوته، درصد استقرار گیاه، ارتفاع و قطر تاج در سطح 1% و طول ریشه و برگ در سطح 5% با ضریب تبیین بالا (1/91 %= R2adj ) اجزای عملکرد علوفه بودند، از این رو برای دستیابی به علوفه بالاتر باید بدنبال گزینش گیاهان با بخش هوایی حجیمتر و ریشههای عمیقتر بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| رگرسیون گام به گام؛ عملکرد علوفه؛ گون (Astragalus spp.)؛ همبستگی صفات | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of genetic variation and relationships of forage yield and its components in different populations of five forage species of milkvetch (Astragalus spp.) in Kurdistan province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Bayzid Yousefi1؛ Sedigheh Zarekia2 | ||
| 1Associate professor, Research Division of Natural Resources, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 2Senior Research Expert, Natural Resources Research Division, Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources of Yazd province | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To evaluate the genetic diversity and relationships among traits of herbaceous milkvetch, 10 genotypes belong to five species including Astragalus vegetus. A. brevidens, A. brachyodontus, A. effusus and A. cyclophyllus in Sanandaj in a randomized complete block design with three replications were studied. Seed sowing was done in November 2018 and morphological traits of plant in spring 2020 were measured. Analysis of variance released significnant (p≤0.01 and 0.05) difference for milkvetch populations (G) for all studied traits. In 2020 (two years old plants), the mean of plant establishment was about 26%, the number of primary branches was 3.2, plant height, the tallest stem length and crown diameter were 16.9, 19.2 and 15.4 cm respectively, the length and width of the root were 17.4 and 6.2 cm, respectively, the average of fresh weights of the whole plant, arial and root parts were 2.3, 1.9 and 0.4 g and the average of dry weights of the whole plant, arial and root parts were were 0.9, 0.7 and 0.2 g respectively, average dry to fresh weight ratio was 0.38. Average of leaflet per leaf was 7.7, so mean of length and width of leaf and leaflet were 7.5, 3.7, 2.3 and 0.5 cm respectively. Up to this stage, the accession of A. effusus Darreh Shohada (West Azerbaijan) and three accession of A. vegetus (Zereshk of Qazvin, Saral of Kurdistan and Qarehbagh of West Azerbaijan) were superior ones in terms of forage production and other studied traits. The weight of the plant was positively correlated with plant vigor, length and width of leaf (p≤0.05) and with plant height, crown diameter, number of primary branches, length and width of root, arial and root weight at 1% probality level. The results of stepwise regression of forage yield on other traits showed that plant weight, establishment percentage, plant height and crown diameter at 1% and the length of leaf and root at 5% probality level (R2adj = 91.1%) were forage yield components. Therefore, in order to achieve higher forage, the genotypes with larger aerial parts and deeper roots should be selected. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Astragalus spp, correlation, forage yield, stepwise regression | ||
| مراجع | ||
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