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بررسی نیاز رویشگاهی برخی گیاهان مرتعی رویش یافته برروی خاکهای حاصل ازفرسایش سازند مارنی گورپی (مطالعه موردی: استان چهارمحال وبختیاری) | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 29، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 89، دی 1401، صفحه 579-595 اصل مقاله (840.51 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2022.128066 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سید نعیم امامی* 1؛ حمزه علی شیرمردی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات آبخیزداری مرکز تحقیقات وآموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهار محال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد ایران | ||
| 2محقق بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان چهارمحال و بختیاری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، شهرکرد ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به دلیل ویژگیهای کانیشناختی مارنها و تمرکز کانیهای رسی نفوذ ناپذیر در پیکرهی این نوع سنگها و رسوبات حاصله، معمولاً استقرار و رویش پوشش گیاهی در اراضی مارنی امری دشوار به نظر میرسد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی سیستماتیک گونههای گیاهی نسبتاً انبوه رویش یافته و تعیین نیاز رویشگاهی و نیز نقش حفاظتی آنها درخاکهای حاصل از فرسایش سازند مارنی با بستری از سازند تماماً مارنی گورپی متعلق به دورهی کرتاسه با ضخامت بیش از 100 متردر دو منطقهی وستگان و دوراهان در شهرستان بروجن استان چهارمحال و بختیاری به مرحله اجرا درآمد. بدین منظور 65 نمونهی خاک مارنی برداشت و بر روی 31 نمونه آزمایشهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی به انجام رسید. بررسیهای گیاهشناسی نیز با استفاده از بازدیدهای مکرر صحرایی و ارزیابی فاکتورهای مختلف پوشش گیاهی در 180 پلات یک متر مربعی به روش تصادفی-سیستماتیک انجام شد و نمونههای گیاهی پس از انتقال به هرباریوم مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، شناسایی شدند. بهطورکلی ازبین بیش از 400 گونهی گیاهی موجود رویش یافته در سطح منطقه و برروی سازندهای مختلف یک مجموعه و کلنی از گونههای مرتعی Astragalus brachycalyx-Daphne mucronata-Cirsium bracteosum با تراکم بالای 50 درصد میتواند در اراضی حاصل از فرسایش سازندهای مارنی خنثی (8-7=PH) با میزان آهک متوسط و حضور حداقلی+Na و Cl- استقراریابد. از سوی دیگر یک مجموعه و کلنی از گونههای مرتعی باترکیب Astragalus susianus-Daphne mucronata-Amygdalus elaeagnifolia میتواند در خاکهای مارنی قلیایی (8≤PH) و با غلبه جزء آهکی در سنگ و رسوب در حضور مقادیرCl- بسیار بالا استقراریافته و به عنوان راهکار زیستی مهار فرسایش آبی در خاکهای متاثرازفرسایش مارنهای قلیایی ارائه گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| راهکارزیستی؛ رسوب؛ فرسایش؛ ویژگیهای خاک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigating the habitat requirements of some rangeland plants growing on the soils resulting from the erosion of Gurpi marli formation (Case Study: Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Sayed Naeim Emami1؛ Hamzeh-ali Shirmardi2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Shahrekord, Iran. | ||
| 2Researcher, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Shahrekord, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The establishment and growth of vegetation on marly lands is usually difficult because of mineralogical properties of marls especially clay minerals aggregation as impermeable fraction in these rocks and sediments. This research aims to systematically investigate relatively densely grown plant species and determine their habitat needs as well as their protective role in the soils resulting from the erosion of the Gurpi marly belonging to the Cretaceous period with a thickness of more than 100 meters in two regions as Vastegan and Dorahan areas in Borujen Township, Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari province. For this purpose, 65 marl soil samples were taken and physical and chemical tests were performed on 31 samples. Botanical surveys performed using repeated field visits and plat made up on the 180 plots and plant samples were identified after moving to plant museum (Herbarium) of agricultural and natural resources research and education center. In general, more than 400 plant species growing in the region and on different formations. A collection of rangeland species Astragalusbrachycalyx-Daphnemucronata- Cirsiumbracteosum with a density of more than 50% can be present in the lands resulting from the erosion of neutral marl lands(PH =7-8) with moderate lime amount and without Na+ and Cl- presence can established and go through its growth stages. In addition, a collection and colony of rangeland species with the combination of Astragalus susianus-Daphne mucronata-Amygdalus elaeagnifolia) can be established in alkaline marl (pH>8) with high amount of lime fraction and cl- and should be presented as a biological solution to control the erosion of the soils affected by the erosion of alkaline marls. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Sediment, Erosion, Biological control, Soil properties | ||
| مراجع | ||
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