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Bayat Tork, D., Panjehkeh, N., Razinataj, M., Taherian, M. (2022). Evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics in the selection of cotton tolerant genotypes affected by Verticillium wilt disease. , 9(2), 125-144. doi: 10.22092/ijcr.2021.355290.1172
Davood Bayat Tork; Naser Panjehkeh; Mohammad Razinataj; Majid Taherian. "Evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics in the selection of cotton tolerant genotypes affected by Verticillium wilt disease". , 9, 2, 2022, 125-144. doi: 10.22092/ijcr.2021.355290.1172
Bayat Tork, D., Panjehkeh, N., Razinataj, M., Taherian, M. (2022). 'Evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics in the selection of cotton tolerant genotypes affected by Verticillium wilt disease', , 9(2), pp. 125-144. doi: 10.22092/ijcr.2021.355290.1172
Bayat Tork, D., Panjehkeh, N., Razinataj, M., Taherian, M. Evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics in the selection of cotton tolerant genotypes affected by Verticillium wilt disease. , 2022; 9(2): 125-144. doi: 10.22092/ijcr.2021.355290.1172

Evaluation of morphological and physiological characteristics in the selection of cotton tolerant genotypes affected by Verticillium wilt disease

پژوهش های پنبه ایران
Volume 9, Issue 2 - Serial Number 16, March 2022, Pages 125-144    PDF (923.27 K)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.22092/ijcr.2021.355290.1172
Authors
Davood Bayat Tork* 1; Naser Panjehkeh2; Mohammad Razinataj3; Majid Taherian4
1Agricultural Education and Extension Research Organization, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Seedling and Seed Research Department
2Assistant Professor of Zabol University
3Plant protection Dept., Cotton Research Institute, Gorgan, Iran
4Horticulture Crop Research Department, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Resaerch and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Background and objectives: Verticillium wilt disease is one of the most important damaging and limiting factors for cotton production worldwide. This pathogen causes leaf chlorosis, necrosis or wilt, leaf or pollen drop, and even plant death. It also reduces the quantity and quality of the product. Because of the economic importance of the cotton disease Verticillium wilt, the best way to control this disease is to use tolerant varieties. Therefore, breeding resistant varieties in a wide range is considered one of the most effective control methods. This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the disease on the morphological and physiological characteristics of cotton cultivars in order to identify tolerant genotypes
 
Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out during two years 2020-2021 and in a factorial form in a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse of Khorasan Razavi Agricultural Education and Natural Resources Research Center (Plant Protection Department). In the first year, ten Iranian cotton cultivars belonging to Gossypium hirsutum were cultivated. In the first year experiment, cotton agronomic traits such as plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, crown diameter, leaf area size, disease severity, chlorophyll index, relative leaf water content and electrical conductivity were measured. In the second year, two tolerant cultivars (Bakhtegan) and sinsitive (Varamin) resulting from the first-year experiment were cultivated in the greenhouse along with the resistant cultivar of Thermous 14. At this stage, the amount of proline, soluble carbohydrates and total phenol was evaluated at different times after inoculation with the pathogenic fungus. All traits measured over two years using SAS statistical software were analysis of variance and the means were compared using Duncan's test.
Results: In the first year, it was found that among the ten genotypes grown, all agronomic traits (except plant height) were higher in the Bakhtegan cultivar and lower in the Varamin cultivar than in the other cultivars. Under infection conditions, disease severity was highest in Varamin and Cocker100 cultivars. The lowest severity of the disease was in the variety Bakhtegan. Physiological traits such as chlorophyll index and relative water content were higher in Bakhtegan and lower in Varamin. The opposite was true for membrane electrolyte losses. In the second year, it was found that in the three cultivated genotypes Thermous14 (resistant), Bakhtegan (tolerant), and Varamin (sensitive), the amount of biochemical traits proline, carbohydrate, and total phenol was significantly increased in the infected plants compared to the control plants (no inoculation with pathogenic fungi).
Conclusion: Therefore, plants with more leaves, higher chlorophyll index and relative water content, lower electrolyte leakage, more proline, carbohydrates and phenols are more resistant to infection. 
Keywords
Stress; Disease; Agronomic traits; Physiological; Cotton
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