| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,528,636 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,477,586 |
پراسنجههای جدول زندگی و میزان پارازیتیسم زنبور Trichogramma embryophagum در پرورش انبوه طولانی مدت روی تخمهای شبپرۀ آرد | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاهپزشکی | ||
| دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 17، شهریور 1400، صفحه 81-97 اصل مقاله (774.64 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2021.127779 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرزانه سادات1؛ علیرضا نظری* 2؛ شهریار جعفری3؛ زهرا رفیعی کرهرودی1 | ||
| 1گروه حشره شناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران | ||
| 2گروه امنیت غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اراک، اراک، ایران | ||
| 3گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کیفیت عوامل کنترل بیولوژیک نقش مهمی در موفقیت یک برنامۀ کنترل بیولوژیک دارد. اعتقاد بر این است که پرورش انبوه طولانی مدت این عوامل در محیط بسته روی کیفیت آنها تاثیر دارد. ویژگیهای جدول زندگی و پارازیتیسم زنبورTrichogramma embryophagum (Hartig) طی 32 نسل روی تخمهای Ephestia kuehniella Zeller مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. جمعیت اولیۀ زنبور از باغات انار کوهدشت استان لرستان و میزبان آزمایشگاهی از یک انسکتاریوم پرورش حشرات مفید در همدان تهیه و در دمای2±27 درجۀ سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±65 درصد پرورش داده شدند. دادههای مربوط به طول مراحل مختلف رشدی، بقا، باروری و پارازیتیسم زنبورها در نسلهای 5، 10، 15، 20، 25، 28، 30 و 32 جداگانه، تعیین و از روش جدول زندگی مرحلۀ رشدی-سنی دو جنسی و نرم افزارهای TWOSEX–MSChart programوCONSUME–MSChart برای تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد طول عمر افراد بالغ ماده تا نسل 15 تفاوت معنیداری ندارد اما با افزایش تعداد نسلها به طور معنیداری کاهش یافته و به 15/7 روز در نسل 30 رسید. بیشترین و کمترین میزان زادآوری زنبور به ترتیب در نسلهای 5 (73/72 تخم) و 32 (64/28 تخم) مشاهده شدند. بیشترین نرخ خالص تولید مثل (R0) نیز در نسلهای 5–15 مشاهده شد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش طبیعی جمعیت (r) نیز در نسلهای 5 تا 15 بهطور معنیداری از سایر نسلها بیشتر بود. مقدار r از 301/0 روز 1– در نسل 5 به 229/0 روز 1– در نسل 32 رسید. میزان نرخ متناهی پارازیتیسم (ω) نیز با افزایش تعداد نسلها کاهش یافت و از 478/0 (میزبان/پارازیتوئید/روز) در نسل 5 به 332/0 (میزبان/پارازیتوئید/ روز) در نسل 32 رسید. براساس یافتههای این تحقیق وجود شرایط پرورش یکنواخت و عدم افزودن افراد وحشی به جمعیت، سبب کاهش کیفیت زنبورهای پرورش یافته پس از نسل 15 شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| پرورش انبوه؛ کنترل کیفیت؛ T. embryophagum؛ پارازیتیسم؛ نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Life table parameters and parasitism rate of Trichogramma embryophagum in long–term mass rearing on Ephestia kuehniella eggs | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farzaneh Sadat1؛ Alireza Nazari2؛ Shahriar Jafari3؛ Zahra Rafie Karhroudi1 | ||
| 1Department of Entomology, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Sustainable Agriculture, Food Security Research Institute, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The quality of biological control agents has a main role in the success of a biological control program. It is believed that long–term mass rearing in confinement may affect the quality of them. In this study, the life table and parasitism parameters of Trichogramma embryophagum (Hartig) reared on Ephestia kuehniella Zeller eggs was studied for 32 generations (G). The initial population of wasp from the pomegranate orchards of Kuhdasht County (Lorestan Province) and the population of host from an insectary, from Hamadan (Hamadan Province), were prepared and reared at 26°C, RH of 65%. Data on the duration of different developmental stages, survival, fecundity and parasitism in G5, G10, G15, G20, G25, G28, G30 and G32 were determined separately, and were analyzed using age–stage, two–sex life table theory with use of TWOSEX–MSChart and CONSUME–MSChart programs. The adult longevity was not significantly different until the 15th generation, but declined as the generation numbers increased and reached 7.15 days in G30. The highest and lowest fecundities were observed in G5 (72.73 eggs) and G32 (28.64 eggs), respectively. The highest values of net reproductive rate (R0) were seen in G5 to G15. The values of intrinsic rate of increase (r) in G5 to G15 were significantly higher than the other generations. The r value from 0.301 day–1 in G1 reached to 0.229 day–1 in G32. Also the finite rate of parasitism (ω) with increasing the generation numbers declined and from 0.478 host/parasitoid/day in G5 reached to 0.332 host/parasitoid/day in G32. According to the findings of this study, due to the constant rearing conditions and not adding wild individuals with genetic diversity to the population, after the 15th generation, the quality of reared individual’s decreases significantly. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| intrinsic rate of increase, mass rearing, parasitism, quality control, Trichogramma embryophagum | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Akbari, F., Askarianzadeh, A., Zamani, A.A. & Hosseinpour, M.H. 2012. Biological characteristics of three Trichogramma species on the eggs of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella L.). Archive Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 1: 1–5. Bueno, R.C.O.de F., Bueno, A. de F., Parra, J.R.P., Vieira, S.S. & de Oliveira, L.J. 2010. Biological characteristics and parasitism capacity of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae) on eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 54(2): 322–327. Chambers, D.L. 1977. Quality control in mass rearing. Annual Review of Entomology, 22: 289–308. Chi, H. 1988. Life–table analysis incorporating both sexes and variable development rates among individuals. Environmental Entomology, 17, 26-34. Chi, H. 2019a. CONSUME–MSChart: computer program for consumption rate analysis based on the age stage, two–sex life table. 2019.02.01 ed. Available in: http://140.120.197.173/ Ecology/Download/CONSUMSChart.zip. (Accessed on February 01, 2019). Chi, H. 2019b. TWOSEX–MSChart: a computer program for the age–stage, two–sex life table analysis. 2019.01.09 ed. Available in: http://140.120.197.173/Ecology/Download/ TWOSEX–MSChart.rar. (Accessed on January 09, 2019). Chi, H. & Liu, H. 1985. Two new methods for the study of insect population ecology. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 24: 225–240. Chi, H. & Su, H.Y. 2006. Age–stage, two–sex life tables of Aphidius gifuensis (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and its host Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae) with mathematical proof of the relationship between female fecundity and the net reproductive rate. Environmental Entomology, 35: 10–21. Chi, H. & Yang, T.C. 2003. Two–sex life table and predation rate of Propylaea japonica Thunberg (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Environmental Entomology, 32: 327–333. Chi, H., Mou, D.F., Allahyari, H., Yu, J.Z., Huang, Y.B., Yang, T.C., Farhadi, R. & Gholizadeh, M. 2011. Finite predation rate: A novel parameter for the quantitative measurement of predation potential of predator at population level. Nature Precedings. Available from: http://hdl:10101/npre.2011.6651.1 Ebrahimi, E. 1996. The species of Trichogramma Westwood in Iran. Proceedings of the Twentieth International Congress of Entomology; 1996 Aug; Firenze, Italy. Efron, B. & Tibshirani, R. J. 1993. An introduction to the Bootstrap. Chapman & Hall, New York, USA. Fathipour, Y., Haghani, M., Attaran, M., Talebi, A.A. & Moharramipour, S. 2003. Functional response of Trichogramma embryophagum (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) on two laboratory hosts. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 23(1): 41–54. Ghaemmaghami, E., Fathipour, Y., Bagheri, A., Talebi, A.A. & Reddy, G.V.P. 2021a. Quality control of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) over 45 generations of rearing on Sitotroga cerealella. Insect Science, 28: 180–190. Ghaemmaghami, E., Fathipour, Y., Bagheri, A., Talebi, A.A. & Reddy, G.V.P. 2021b. Continuous rearing on Ephestia kuehniella reshaped quality of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Asia–Pacific Entomology https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2021.02.013 Ghaemian, P., SarrafMoayeri, H.R. & Farrokhi, Sh. 2013. Laboratory and field evaluation of Trichogramma embryophagum efficiency in presence of buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum. Plant Pests Research, 3(2): 43–21. Goodman, D. 1982. Optimal life histories, optimal notation, and the value of reproductive value. The American Naturalist, 119: 803–823. Haghani, M. 2001. Investigation on demography and behavior of the Trichogramma Haghani, M. & Fathipour, Y. 2003. The effect of the type of laboratory host on the population growth parameters of Trichogramma embryophagum Hartig (Hym: Trichogrammatidae). Journal of Agricultural Science Natural Resources, 2(2): 117–124. Haghi Golbaghi, F., Goldansaz, S.H., Rahmani, Sh. & Attaran, M.R. 2020. Preference and performance of Trichogramma embryophagum when parasitizing Cydia pomonella and two stored–product moths. Bulletin of Insectology, 73(1): 79–86. Hassan, S.A. 1989. Selection of suitable Trichogramma strains to control the codling moth Cydia pomonella and the two summer fruit tortrix moths Adoxophyes orana, Pandemis heparana (Lep.: Tortricidae). Entomophaga, 34(1): 19–27. Hassan, S.A., Kohler, E. & Rost, W.M. 1988. Mass production and utilization of Trichogramma: 10. Control of the codling moth Cydia pomonella and the summer fruit tortrix moth Adoxophyes orana (Lep.: Tortricidae). BioControl, 33(4): 413–420. Li, S.Y., Henderson D.E. & Meyer J.H. 1994. Selection of suitable Trichogramma species for potential control of the blackheaded Fire worm infesting cranberries. Biocontrol, 4: 244–248. Li –Ying, L. 1994. Worldwide use of Trichogramma for biological control on different crops: A survey. pp. 37–51 in Wajenberg, E. & Hassan, S. A. (Eds.) Biological control with egg parasitoid. CAB International. Lu, X., Han, S., Li, Z. & Li, L. 2017. Biological characters of Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) reared in vitro versus in vivo for thirty generations. Scientific Reports, 7: 17928. Luna, M., Sánchez, N.E., Pereyra, P.C., Nieves, E., Savino, V., Luft, E., Virla E. & Speranza, S. 2012. Biological control of Tuta absoluta in Argentina and Italy: Evaluation of indigenous insects as natural enemies. European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization Bulletin, 42(2): 260–267. Mohseni, E., Abbasipour, H., Attaran, M.R. & Askarianzadeh, A. 2016. Evaluation of the life table characteristics of three species of the genus Trichogramma on the carob moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae under laboratory conditions. Biocontrol in Plant Protection, 3(2): 49–58. Negahban, M., Sedaratian–Jahromi, A., Ghane–Jahromi M. & Haghani, M. 2016. Temperature–dependent parasitism in Trichogramma brassicae (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae), modeling finite parasitism rate. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran, 36(1): 13–27. Nordlund, D.A., Wu, Z.X. & Greenberg, S.M. 1997. In vitro rearing of Trichogramma minutum Riley (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for ten generations, with quality assessment comparisons of in vitro and in vivo reared adults. Biological Control, 9: 201–207. Parra, J.R.P. 2010. Egg parasitoids commercialization in the New World, pp. 373–378 in Consoli Fl, Parra JRP, Zucchi RA (eds.), Egg Parasitoids in Agroecosystems with emphasis on Pomari–Fernandes, A., Bueno, A.F., Queiroz, A.P. & De Bortoli, S.A. 2015. Biological parameters and parasitism capacity of Telenomus remus Nixon (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) reared on natural and factitious hosts for successive generations. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(33): 3225–3233. Pratissoli, D., Oliveira, H., Roberto Gonçalves, J. & Zanuncio, J. 2004. Changes in biological characteristics of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hym.: Trichogrammatidae) reared on eggs of Anagasta kuehniella (Lep.: Pyralidae) for 23 generations. Biocontrol Science and Technology, 14: 313–319. Ranjbar Aghdam, H. & Attaran, M. 2015. Collecting, identifying and selecting a native strain of egg parasitoid wasps, Trichogramma spp. for biological control of codling moth, Cydia pomonella in Damavand region. Biological Control of Pests and Plant Diseases, 46(1): 1–8. Shakeri, M. 2004. Analytical revising of carob moth studies in Iran. Report of management problems of carob moth in Iran. Agricultural research center of Yazd, 25–28. Smith, S.M. 1996. Biological control with Trichogramma: advances, successes and potential for their use. Annual Review of Entomology, 41: 375–406. Sorensen, J.G., Addison, M.F. & Terblanche, J.S. 2012. Mass–rearing of insects for pest management: Challenges, synergies and advances from evolutionary physiology. Crop Protection, 38: 87–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2012.03.023 van Lenteren, J.C. 2003. Quality control and production of biological control agents: Theory and Testing Procedures, p. 327. CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K. Wajnberg, E. & Hassan, S.A. 1994. Biological control with egg parasitoids, UK: CAB International, 286 pp. Yu, J.Z., Chi, H. & Chen, B.H. 2013. Comparison of the life table and predation rates of Harmonia dimidiata (f.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) fed on Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at different temperatures. Biological Control, 64: 1–9. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 530 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 497 |
||