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تأثیر سبزی های برگی مختلف روی ویژگی های زیستی و رشد جمعیت کرم برگ خوار پنبه، Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) | ||
| نامه انجمن حشره شناسی ایران | ||
| دوره 41، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 88، اسفند 1400، صفحه 365-383 اصل مقاله (918.58 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل، فارسی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22117/jesi.2022.359189.1461 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده معصومه حسینی موسوی؛ سید علی همتی* ؛ آرش راسخ | ||
| گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| کرم برگ‌خوار پنبه، Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) آفتی مهم و چندینخوار است که منجر به خسارت اقتصادی روی محصولات کشاورزی در ایران و بسیاری از مناطق جهان می‌شود. در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر تغذیه از هفت گونه از سبزی‌های برگی مختلف شامل خرفه، تره، جعفری، ریحان، شوید، گشنیز و نعناع بر پراسنجه‌های زیستی و جدول زندگی S. littoralis در شرایط دمایی 2±25 درجهی سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و دوره‌ی نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی بررسی شد. طولانی‌ترین دوره‌ی رشدی پیش از بلوغ آفت مربوط به حشرات پرورش یافته روی خرفه (49/0 ± 67/40 روز) و کوتاه‌ترین آن روی ریحان (42/0 ± 22/30 روز) و گشنیز (32/0 ± 76/30 روز) بود. میزان باروری شبپره هنگام تغذیه از خرفه (82/21 ± 32/199 تخم) به طور معنی‌داری کمتر از بقیه میزبان‌ها بود و بیشترین آن روی گشنیز (82/62 ± 06/481 تخم)، ریحان (68/28 ± 97/428 تخم) و تره (58/26 ± 26/409 تخم) ثبت شد. علاوه بر این، نتایج حاصل از پراسنجه‌های دموگرافیک آفت نشان داد که کمترین مقادیر نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r) و نرخ خالص تولیدمثل (R0) روی خرفه (به‌ترتیب 072/0 ± 124/0 بر روز و 51/17 ± 92/67 نتاج) و بیشترین میزان آن روی گشنیز (به‌ترتیب 064/0 ± 161/0 بر روز و 94/53 ± 70/275 نتاج) مشاهده شد. نتایج تجزیه خوشهای نشان داد که گشنیز حساسیت نسبی بالاتری نسبت به S. littoralis نشان داد و به عنوان میزبان مناسب برای رشد این آفت تعیین شد. برعکس، خرفه مقاومت نسبی بالاتری در مقابل آفت داشت. امید است اطلاعات به‌دست آمده در این پژوهش بتواند در پیشبرد برنامه‌های مدیریت تلفیقی S. littoralis و درک بهتر تعاملات بین میزبان با آفت مفید واقع شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کرم برگ خوار پنبه؛ مقاومت گیاه؛ جدول زندگی دوجنسی؛ سبزی‌های برگی؛ مدیریت تلفیقی آفت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of different leafy vegetables on the biological and population growth characteristics of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyedeh Masoumeh Hosseini Mousavi؛ Seyed Ali Hemmati؛ Arash Rasekh | ||
| Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important and polyphagous pest that causes considerable damage to agricultural crops in Iran and many other parts of the world. In this research, the effects of seven different leafy vegetables, including Purslane, Chives, Parsley, Basil, Dill, Coriander and Mint were assessed on the biological and life table parameters of S. littoralis at 25 ± 2°C, 60 ± 5% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) hours. The longest development period was in the insects fed on Purslane (40.67 ± 9.49 days), and the shortest was obtained on Basil (30.22 ± 0.42 days) and Coriander (30.76 ± 0.32 days). The lowest value of fecundity was on the Purslane (199.32 ± 21.82 eggs), and the highest was recorded on the Coriander (481.06 ± 62.82 eggs), Basil (428.97 ± 28.68 eggs) and Chives (409.26 ± 26.58 eggs) vegetables. In addition, the results of demographic parameters showed that the intrinsic rate of increase (r) and net reproductive rate (R0) of S. littoralis were lowest on the Purslane (0.124 ± 0.072 day-1, and 67.92 ± 17.51 offspring, respectively), and highest values were observed on the Coriander (0.161 ± 0.064 day-1, and 275.70 ± 53.94 offspring, respectively). The cluster results indicated that Coriander was relatively susceptible host for feeding of S. littoralis. In contrast, the Purslane was found the relatively resistant (least appropriate) host for this pest, which could be useful in the development of integrated pest management strategies, and understanding plant-herbivore interactions. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cotton leafworm, Plant resistance, Two-sex life table, Leafy vegetables, Integrated pest management | ||
| مراجع | ||
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