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مقدار آب سمپاشی بهینه برای کاربرد تریفلوسولفورون-متیل علیه تاجخروس ریشه قرمز | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 37، شماره 2، مهر 1400، صفحه 193-206 اصل مقاله (1.17 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: کامل علمی - پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2022.357013.1294 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اکبر علی وردی* 1؛ نسرین زنده پاک2 | ||
| 1استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش آموخته کارشناسی شناسایی و مبارزه با علف های هرز، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| انتخاب درست مقدار آب برای تهیه محلول سمپاشی، روشی در جهت بهینهسازی کارایی علفکش شاخ و برگ مصرف است ولی تأثیر آن بر کارایی تریفلوسولفورون-متیل مشخص نیست. از اینرو، در آزمایشی در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در تابستان سال 1396، شش مقدار تریفلوسولفورون-متیل (سافاری) شامل (صفر، 1/125، 2/25، 4/5، 9 و 18 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار) با 10 مقدار آب سمپاشی (60، 80، 120، 160، 200، 240، 320، 400، 480 و 640 لیتر آب در هکتار که بهترتیب با کمک نازل بادبزنی استاندارد با شمارههای 1100075، 11001، 110015، 11002، 110025، 11003، 11004، 11005، 11006 و 11008 حاصل شد) روی تاجخروس در مراحل رشدی یک، دو و سه برگی، پاشیده شدند. در آزمایشی مزرعهای، مقدار 18 گرم تریفلوسولفورون-متیل در هکتار با 10 مقدار آب سمپاشی مذکور در مرحله رشدی دو الی سه برگ تاجخروس پاشیده شد. در مرحله یک برگی، کمترین و بیشترین مقدار تریفلوسولفورون-متیل لازم برای گیاهسوزی 50 درصدی (ED50) با شماره نازلهای 1100075 و 11008 بهترتیب برابر 2/15 و 15/31 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار بهدست آمد. در مرحله دو برگی، کمترین و بیشترین مقدار (ED50) با شماره نازلهای 1100075 و 11008 بهترتیب برابر 2/98 و 12/16 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار بهدست آمد. در مرحله سه برگی، کمترین مقدار (ED50) با شماره نازلهای 1100075 و 11001 بهترتیب برابر 3/86 و 3/37 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار حاصل شد. ولی بیشترین مقدار آن با شماره نازلهای 11004، 11005، 11006 و 11008 بهترتیب برابر 8/51، 8/70، 9/62 و 9/84 گرم ماده مؤثره در هکتار بهدست آمد. در کل، نتایج آزمایش مزرعهای مشابه آزمایش گلخانهای بود و ثابت کرد که برای کنترل بهتر تاجخروس با تریفلوسولفورون-متیل به مقدار آب سمپاشی کمتری نیاز است، یعنی هر چقدر قطرات پاشش ریزتر و غلیظتر بودند، کارایی تریفلوسولفورون-متیل علیه تاجخروس بیشتر بود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| چغندرقند؛ حجم پاشش؛ علفکش؛ علفهرز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Optimal spray water volume for application of triflusulfuron-methyl against redroot pigweed | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Aliverdi1؛ N. Zendehpak2 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor in Weed Science, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| 2Bachelor’s Degree in Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Choosing the exact amount of water to prepare the spraying solution is a method to optimize the efficiency of the foliage herbicide, but its effect on the efficency of triflusulfuron-methyl is not known. Therefore, in a study in the Research Greenhouse of Bu-Ali Sina University in the summer of 2017, six doses of triflusulfuron-methyl (Safary®) including 0, 1.125, 2.25, 4.5, 9, and 18 g a.i. ha-1 were sprayed with 10 amounts of spraying water (60, 80, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 400, 480, and 640 L water ha-1 with the help of a standard fan nozzle with 1100075, 11001, 110015, 11002, 110025, 11003, 11004, 11005, 11006 and 11008 sizes, respectively) on redroot pigweed at 1-, 2- and 3-leaf stages. In a field experiment, triflusulfuron-methyl at 18 g a.i. ha-1 was sprayed with ten amounts of the above-mentioned spraying water at 2 to 3-leaf growth stage. At the one-leaf stage, the minimum (2.51 g a.i. ha-1) and maximum (2.51 g a.i. ha-1) dose of triflusulfuron-methyl required for 50% desiccation (ED50) with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11008. At two-leaf stage, the minimum and maximum values of ED50 were obtained with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11008 equal to 2.98 and 12.16 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. At the three-leaf stage, the lowest value of ED50 were obtained with nozzle sizes of 1100075 and 11001 equal to 3.86 and 3.37 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. However, the highest ED50 values was obtained with nozzle sizes of 11004, 11005, 11006 and 11008 equal to 8.51, 8.70, 9.62 and 9.54 g a.i. ha-1, respectively. Overall, results of the field experiment were similar to the greenhouse experiment and showed that less amount of spraying water is needed to better control redroot pigweed with triflusulfuron-methyl; means that application of triflusulfuron-methyl against redroot pigweed is more effective using the smaller and thicker spray droplets. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Herbicide, Spray water volume, Sugar beet, Weed | ||
| مراجع | ||
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