| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,196 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,423 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,247,522 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,779,742 |
تأثیر محلولپاشی برگی کیتوزان و دیاکسیدتیتانیوم (بالک و نانو) بر عملکرد و پاسخهای بیوشیمیایی اکوتیپهای ماریتیغال (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 38، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 113، مهر 1401، صفحه 450-463 اصل مقاله (733.9 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2022.357559.3126 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمیرا جعفری1؛ صادق موسوی فرد* 2؛ عبدالحسین رضایی نژاد3؛ حسن مومیوند4؛ کریم سرخه5 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران | ||
| 5استادیار، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| ماریتیغال (Silybum marianum (L. Gaertn.)) گیاهی با کاربردهای متنوع دارویی است که با انواع شرایط آب و هوایی سازگار است. به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر غلظتهای مختلف کیتوزان و دیاکسیدتیتانیوم (بالک و نانو) بر افزایش عملکرد و شاخصهای بیوشیمیایی اکوتیپهای مختلف گیاه ماریتیغال، پژوهشی زراعی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آماری بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در دو سال زراعی انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل اکوتیپهای ماریتیغال در پنج سطح (بوداکالازی، ساری، خمین، خرمآباد و اهواز) و نوع و غلظت الیسیتور در 9 سطح (محلولپاشی با آب مقطر (شاهد)، کیتوزان بالک (50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر)، نانو کیتوزان (50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر)، دیاکسیدتیتانیوم بالک (50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر) و نانو دیاکسیدتیتانیوم (50 و 100 میلیگرم در لیتر)) بود. نتایج نشان داد که محلولپاشی کیتوزان و دیاکسید تیتانیوم (نانو و بالک) در افزایش عملکرد گیاه و آنزیمهای دفاعی مؤثر بود. تأثیر محلولپاشی کیتوزان و دیاکسید تیتانیوم در فرم نانو روی صفات مذکور نسبت به فرم بالک و شاهد برتری داشت. براساس نتایج مقایسه میانگینها، با محلولپاشی نانوکیتوزان در غلظت50 میلیگرم در لیتر، عملکرد بوته افزایش یافت. همچنین، محلولپاشی نانوکیتوزان در غلظت 100 میلیگرم در لیتر باعث افزایش فعالیت آنزیمهای دفاعی شد. بهطور کلی، کاربرد نانوکیتوزان در افزایش عملکرد و همچنین بهبود خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی اکوتیپهای ماریتیغال بهخصوص اکوتیپ بوداکالازی تأثیرگذار بود که میتواند بهعنوان راهکار مناسبی برای افزایش عملکرد این گیاه باشد. همچنین استفاده از این اکوتیپ در برنامه های اصلاحی با توجه به عملکرد بالاتر قابل توصیه است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| نانوکیتوزان؛ آنزیمهای دفاعی؛ الیسیتور؛ مالوندیآلدئید؛ بوداکالازی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of chitosan and titanium dioxide (bulk and nano) foliar application on yield and biochemical responses of Silybum marianum (L. Gaertn.) ecotypes | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| S. Jafari1؛ S Mousavi-Fard2؛ A. Rezaei Nejad3؛ H. Mumivand4؛ K. Sorkheh5 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran | ||
| 5Department of Production Engineering and Plant Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L. Gaertn.)) is a plant with various medicinal uses which is adapted to different climates. To investigate the effects of different concentrations of chitosan (CS) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) on increasing yield and biochemical indices of milk thistle ecotypes, a farm factorial experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications during two crop years. Experimental treatments included milk thistle ecotype at five levels (Budakalazi, Sari, Khomein, Khorramabad, and Ahvaz) and type and elicitor concentration at nine levels (foliar application of distilled water (control), bulk CS (50 and 100 mg L-1), nano CS (50 and 100 mg L-1), bulk TiO2 (50 and 100 mg L-1), and nano TiO2 (50 and 100 mg L-1)). The results showed that foliar application of CS and TiO2 (bulk and nano) effectively increased yield and defense enzymes. In all these traits, foliar application of CS and TiO2 in nano form was more effective compared to the bulk form and control. Based on the mean comparisons results, the plant yield increased with foliar application of nano CS at the concentration of 50 mg L-1. Also, foliar application of nano CS at the concentration of 100 mg L-1 increased the activity of defense enzymes. In general, foliar application of nano CS increased the yield as well as improved the biochemical traits of milk thistle ecotypes, especially the Budakalazi one, which could be considered as a suitable way to increase the yield of this plant. Considering the higher yield of Budakalazi ecotype, it could be also recommended to be used in breeding programs. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Nano chitosan, defense enzymes, elicitor, malondialdehyde, Budakalazi | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Alexieva, V., Sergiev, I., Mapelli, S. and Karanov, E., 2001. The effect of drought and ultraviolet radiation on growth and stress markers in pea and wheat. Plant, Cell and Environment, 24(12): 1337-1344. - Ali, E.F., El-Shehawi, A.M., Ibrahim, O.H.M., Abdul-Hafeez, E.Y., Moussa, M.M. and Hassan, F.A.S., 2021. A vital role of chitosan nanoparticles in improvisation the drought stress tolerance in Catharanthus roseus (L.) through biochemical and gene expression modulation. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 161: 166-175. - Anitha, A., Rani, V.D., Krishna, R., Sreeja, V., Selvamurugan, N., Nair, S.V. and Jayakumar, R., 2009. Synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and antibacterial studies of chitosan, O-carboxymethyl and N, O-carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles. Carbohydrate Polymers, 78(4): 672-677. - Beauchamp, C. and Fridovich, I., 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Analytical Biochemistry, 44: 276-287. - Chamnanmanoontham, N., Pongprayoon, W., Pichayangkura, R., Roytrakul, S. and Chadchawan, S., 2015. Chitosan enhances rice seedling growth via gene expression network between nucleus and chloroplast. Plant Growth Regulation, 75(1): 101-114. - Crabtree, R.H., 1998. A new type of hydrogen bond. Science, 282(5396): 2000-2001. - Divya, K., Thampi, M., Vijayan, S., Shabanamol, S. and Jisha, M.S., 2022. Chitosan nanoparticles as a rice growth promoter: evaluation of biological activity. Archives of Microbiology, 204(1): 1-11. - Emami Bistgani, Z., Siadat, S.A., Bakhshandeh, A., Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A. and Hashemi, M., 2017. Interactive effects of drought stress and chitosan application on physiological characteristics and essential oil yield of Thymus daenensis Celak. The Crop Journal, 5(5): 407-415. - Fadhil, A.B., Ahmed, K.M. and Dheyab, M.M., 2012. Silybum marianum L. seed oil: a novel feedstock for biodiesel production. A novel feedstock for biodiesel production. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10: S683-S690. - Fooladi Vanda, G., Shabani, L. and Razavizadeh, R., 2019. Chitosan enhances rosmarinic acid production in shoot cultures of Melissa officinalis L. through the induction of methyl jasmonate. Botanical Studies, 60(1): 26. - Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., Malekpoor, F., Salimi, A. and Golparvar, A., 2017. Exogenous application of chitosan on biochemical and physiological characteristics, phenolic content and antioxidant activity of two species of basil (Ocimum ciliatum and Ocimum basilicum) under reduced irrigation. Scientia Horticulture, 217: 114-122. - Guan, Y.J., Hu, J., Wang, X.J. and Shao, C.X., 2009. Seed priming with chitosan improves maize stress germination and seedling growth in relation to physiology changes under low temperature. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 10(6): 427-433. - Hossain, Z., Mustafa, G. and Komatsu, S., 2015. Plant responses to nanoparticle stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 16(11): 26644-26653. - Hu, J., Wu, X., Wu, F., Chen, W., White, J. C., Yang, Y. and Wang, X., 2020. Potential application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles to improve the nutritional quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Journal of Hazardous Materials, 389: 121837. - Hussaini Begum, M., Taheri, G.H., Vaezi Kakhaki, M.R. and Tlaty, M., 2013. Foliar application of chitosan on growth and morphological characteristics of marigold (Calendula officinalis). National Conference of Passive Defense in the Agricultural Sector, 21 November. - Jahani, S., Saadatmand, S., Mahmoodzadeh, H. and Khavari-Nejad, R.A., 2019. Effect of foliar application of cerium oxide nanoparticles on growth, photosynthetic pigments, electrolyte leakage, compatible osmolytes and antioxidant enzymes activities of Calendula officinalis L. Biologia, 74(9): 1063-1075. - Karvar, M., Azari, A., Rahimi, A., Maddah-Hosseini, S. and Ahmadi-Lahijani, M.J., 2022. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) enhance drought tolerance and grain yield of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) under deficit irrigation regimes. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 44(2): 1-14. - Khan, M.N., AlSolami, M.A., Basahi, R.A., Siddiqui, M.H., Al-Huqail, A.A., Abbas, Z.K., Siddiqui, Z.H., Ali, H.M. and Khan, F., 2020. Nitric oxide is involved in nano-titanium dioxide-induced activation of antioxidant defense system and accumulation of osmolytes under water-deficit stress in Vicia faba L. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 190: 110152. - Lutts, S., Kinet, J.M. and Bouharmont, J., 1996. NaCl-induced senescence inleaves of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinitary resistance. Annals of Botany, 78(3): 389-398. - Ma, L.J., Li, Y.Y., Wang, L.L., Li, X.M., Liu, T. and Bu, N., 2014. Germination and physiological response of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to pre-soaking with oligochitosan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16(4): 766-770. - Ma, X., Wang, Q., Rossi, L. and Zhang, W., 2015. Cerium oxide nanoparticles and bulk cerium oxide leading to different physiological and biochemical responses in Brassica rapa. Environmental Science and Technology, 50(13): 6793-6802. - MacAdam, J.W., Nelson, C.J. and Sharp, R.E., 1992. Peroxidase-activity in the leaf elongation zone of tall fescue. 1. Spatial-distribution of ionically bound peroxidase-activity in genotypes differing in length of the elongation zone. Plant Physiology, 99(3): 872-878. - Maehly, A.C., 1954. Assay of catalases and peroxidases: 357-424. In: Glick, D., (Ed.). Methods of Biochemical Analysis (Vol. 1). Academic Press, New York, 528p. - Malekpoor, F., Salimi, A. and Ghasemi Pirbalouti, A., 2017. Effect of bioelicitor of chitosan on physiological and morphological properties in purpule basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under water deficit. Journal of Plant Ecophysiology, 8(27): 56-71. - Mishra, V., Mishra, R.K., Dikshit, A. and Pandey, A.C., 2014. Interactions of nanoparticles with plants: an emerging prospective in the agriculture industry: 159-180. In: Ahmad, P. and Rasool, S., (Eds.). Emerging Technologies and Management of Crop Stress Tolerance: Volume 1-Biological Techniques, Academic Press, 551p. - Mondal, M.A., Malek, M.A., Puteh, A.B., Ismail, M.R., Ashrafuzzaman, M. and Naher, L., 2012. Effect of foliar application of chitosan on growth and yield in okra. Australian Journal of Crop Science, 6(5): 918-921. - Nakano, Y. and Asada, K., 1981. Hydrogen peroxide is scavenged by ascorbate-specific peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts. Plant and Cell Physiology, 22(5): 867-880. - Pais, I., 1983. The biological importance of titanium. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 6: 3-131. - Pichyangkura, R. and Chadchawan, S., 2015. Biostimulant activity of chitosan in horticulture. Scientia Horticulturae, 196: 49-65. - Qavami, N., Naghdi Badi, H., Labbafi, M.R., Mehregan, M., Tavakoli, M. and Mehrafarin, A., 2017. Overview on chitosan as a valuable ingredient and biostimulant in pharmaceutical industries and agricultural products. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 1: 83-91. - Ram, G., Bhan, M.K., Gupta, K.K., Thaker, B., Jamwal, U. and Pal, S., 2006. Variability pattern and correlation studies in Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Fitoterapia, 76(2): 143-147. - Safikhan, S., Khoshbakht, K., Chaichi, M.R., Amini, A. and Motesharezadeh, B., 2018. Role of chitosan on the growth, physiological parameters and enzymatic activity of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) in a pot experiment. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 10: 49-58. - Sathiyabama, M. and Manikandan, A., 2021. Chitosan nanoparticle induced defense responses in finger millet plants against blast disease caused by Pyricularia grisea (Cke.) Sacc. Carbohydrate Polymers, 154: 241-246. - Schaller, R.D. and Klimov, V.I., 2004. High efficiency carrier multiplication in PbSe nanocrystals: implications for solar energy conversion. Physical Review Letters, 92(18): 186601. - Suhas, D.P., Aminabhavi, T.M., Jeong, H.M. and Raghu, A.V., 2015. Hydrogen peroxide treated graphene as an effective nanosheet filler for separation application. RSC Advances, 5(122): 100984-100995. - Thakur, R.K., Prasad, P., Savadi, S., Bhardwaj, S.C., Gangwar, O.P. and Kumar, S., 2022. Nanotechnology for agricultural and environmental sustainability: 413-424. In: Goel, R., Soni, R., Suyal, D.C. and Khan, M., (Eds.). Survival Strategies in Cold-adapted Microorganisms. Springer, Singapore, 435p. - Wang, M., Chen, Y., Zhang, R., Wang, W., Zhao, X., Du, Y., Yin, H., 2015. Effects of chitosan oligosaccharides on the yield components and production quality of different wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L.) in Northwest China. Field Crops Research Journal, 172: 11-20. - Xie, W.M., Xu, P.X. and Liu, Q., 2001. Antioxidant activity of water-soluble chitosan derivatives. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 11(13): 1699-1701. - Xu, D., Li, H., Lin, L., Liao, M.A., Deng, Q., Wang, J., Lv, X., Deng, H., Liang, D. and Xia, H., 2020. Effects of carboxymethyl chitosan on the growth and nutrient uptake in Prunus davidiana seedlings. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 26(4): 661-668. - Zhao, S., Xu, C.C., Zou, Q. and Meng, Q.W., 1994. Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues. Plant Physiology Communications, 30(3): 207-210. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,802 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 667 |
||