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ارزیابی خصوصیات پومولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی ژنوتیپ های امید بخش گردو با باردهی جانبی در ارومیه | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 37، شماره 3، مهر 1400، صفحه 293-316 اصل مقاله (1.39 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppi.2022.356920.1238 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| کیهان طرحی1؛ علیرضا فرخزاد2؛ راحله قاسم زاده* 3؛ مهدی محسنی آذر4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| 2دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| 3استادیار گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| 4کارشناس گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور شناسایی و انتخاب ژنوتیپ‌های برترگردو با باردهی جانبی، بخشی از ژرم‌‌پلاسم گردو در ارومیه طی سالهای 1397 و 1398 مورد ارزیابی اولیه قرار گرفت. یازده ژنوتیپ برتر براساس خصوصیات پومولوژیک انتخاب و همراه با رقم چندلر(Chandler) از نظر خصوصیات پومولوژیک، بیوشیمیایی و اسیدهای چرب مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. برخی صفات مرتبط با خشک میوه و مغز، میزان فنل و فلاونوئید کل، فعالیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی، درصد چربی و پروفیل اسیدهای چرب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. وزن خشک میوه از 1/9 گرم در ژنوتیپ PG7 تا 36/15 گرم در ژنوتیپPG6 و وزن مغز بین 03/5 گرم در ژنوتیپPG5 تا 73/6 گرم در ژنوتیپ PG6 متغیر بود. بالاترین درصد مغز با کمترین ضخامت پوست سخت در ژنوتیپ PG7 مشاهده شد که به طور معنی‌داری بالاتر از رقم چندلر بود. بالاترین محتوای فلاونوئید کل و فعالیت آنتی-اکسیدانی در رقم چندلر مشاهده شد. همه ژنوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه غیر از ژنوتیپ PG2، درصد چربی بالاتر از 55 درصد داشتند. هشت نوع اسید چرب در ژنوتیپها شناسایی شد که بیشترین مقدار به ترتیب مربوط به اسید لینولئیک، اسید اولئیک و اسید لینولنیک بود. بالاترین مقدار اسید لینولئیک (78/47 درصد) و اسید لینولنیک (73/21 درصد) در ژنوتیپ PG6 مشاهده شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که ژنوتیپ‌های بسیار مطلوبی در میان ژنوتیپ‌های بومی گزینش شده وجود داشت که از نظر برخی ویژگیهای کمی و کیفیت خشک میوه و مغز با رقم چندلر قابل رقابت بودند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| گردو؛ وزن میوه خشک؛ درصد مغز؛ اسیدهای چرب؛ فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of Pomological and Biochemical Attributes of Promising Walnut Genotypes with Lateral Bearing in Urmia in Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| K. Tarhi1؛ A.R. Farokhzad2؛ R. Ghasemzadeh3؛ M. Mohseniazar4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University. Urmia. Iran | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran | ||
| 4Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University. Urmia. Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To identify and select superior walnut genotypes with lateral bearing, a portion of walnut germplasm of Urmia region was priminarily evaluated in 2018 and 2019. Eleven superior genotypes were selected and along with Chandler cultivar, as control, were evaluated for pomological, biochemical and fatty acids properties. Some to nut and kernel related traits, total phenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity, oil content and fatty acid profile were studied. Nut and kernel weight varied from 9.1 g (PG7) to 15.36 g (PG6), and 5.03 g (PG5) to 6.73 g (PG6), respectively. The highest kernel percentage with the lowest thickness of hard shell was observed in PG7 which was significantly higher than cv. Chandler. The highest total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity observed in cv. Chandler. For all studied genotypes, except PG2, fat content was higher than 55%. Eight fatty acid compounds were identified in walnut oil of which the highest content belonged to linoleic acid, oleic acid and linolenic acid, respectively. The highest linoleic acid (47.78%) and linolenic acid (21.73%) content was observed in PG6 genotype. The results showed that there were very desirable genotypes among the selected walnut genotypes which were competitive to cv. Chandler in respect of some quantitative charcteristics and quality properties of nut and kernel. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Walnut, dry fruit weight, kernel percentage, fatty acid, antioxidant activity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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