| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,917 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,567,633 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,690,917 |
اثر آتش‌سوزی بر خصوصیات کمی پوشش‌های گیاهی و تعیین گونه‌های مقاوم به آتش در مراتع مشجر (مطالعه موردی مرتع کرماک شهرستان رودبار گیلان) | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 19، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 38، بهمن 1400، صفحه 251-265 اصل مقاله (878.83 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2021.353867.1470 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| امین املشی* 1؛ ایوب مرادی2؛ مسعود علیدوست3 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران. | ||
| 2دانش‌آموخته دکتری، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات منابع طبیعی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گیلان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| آتش‌سوزی یکی از عوامل شایع در اختلال و تغییر در بسیاری از زیست‌بوم‌ها است و می‌تواند ترکیب گونه‌ها را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. مراتع ازجمله عرصه‌های طبیعی هستند که هرساله در سرتاسر جهان دستخوش آتش‌سوزی می‌شوند. تحقیق حاضر در نظر دارد با شناخت شدت آتش‌سوزری، تأثیر آن را روی پوشش گیاهی مراتع مشجر مورد مطالعه قرار دهد. مرتع کرماک که طی سال‌های اخیر یکی از وسیع‌ترین آتش‌سوزی‌های مرتعی گیلان در آن رخ داده است برای این منظور انتخاب شد. آماربرداری به شکل تصادفی – سیستماتیک با انتخاب 4 ترانسکت و 40 قطعه نمونه به تفکیک در هر یک از دو قطعه آتش‌سوزی شده و شاهد اجرا شد. خصوصیات موردمطالعه شامل مقدار تولید، تراکم و تاج پوشش در هر قطعه نمونه‌برداری اندازه‌گیری گردید. پس از تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها، نتایج حاصله نشان داد که آتش‌سوزی منطقه تابع مدل سوخت GR1 و از نوع سبک و گذرا است. نتایج همچنین ضمن اثر کوتاه مدت آتش بر صفات موردمطالعه مشخص نمود که گونه‌هایی چون Trachynia distachya، Arenaria serpyllifolia از جمله گونه های مقاوم و گونه‌های Ziziphora capitata، Vinca herbacea از گونه‌های حساس به آتش-سوزی در مرتع کرماک هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش‌سوزی؛ مرتع؛ گونه حساس؛ گونه مقاوم؛ تخریب | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of fire on quantitative characteristics of vegetation and determination of fire resistant species in wooded rangelands (Case study of Karmak rangeland in Rudbar, Guilan) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Masoud Amin Amlashi1؛ Aioub Moradi2؛ Masood Alidoust3 | ||
| 1Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Rasht, Iran. | ||
| 3Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization(AREEO), Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Fires can be a common cause of disruption and change in many ecosystems, and can affect species composition. Pastures are one of the areas that catch fire every year around the world. The present study intends to study the effect of fire on the vegetation of wooded pastures by recognizing the severity of fire. Kermak rangelands, where one of the largest fires occurred in Guilan in recent years, was selected for this purpose. Random-systematic inventory measurement was performed by selecting 4 transects and 40 sample plots separately in each of the fire and non-fire area. The studied characteristics including production amount, density and canopy in each sampling plot were measured. After analyzing the data, the results showed that the Surface fire was a function of the GR1 fuel model and this fire was light and transient. The results also showed the short-term effect of fire on the studied traits that species such as Trachynia distachya، Arenaria serpyllifoliaand Including are resistant species and species of Ziziphora capitata، Vinca herbacea are fire sensitive species in Karmak rangeland. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fire, Rangelands, Resistanse species, Tolerance species, Degradation | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Amozegar, L., Gholami, p. and Alvani nejad, S., 2020. Effect of fire in Juniperus communis stands on vegetation composition and some soil characteristic of summer rangeland in Angas, Noshahr city, Mazandaran province. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 31(4): 1-13.
-Arzani, H., 1997. Instructions for rangeland assessment plan of different climatic regions of Iran. National Forests and Rangelands Research Institute, IRAN, 31p.
-Barani, H. and Rastgar, S.H., 2010. Comparison of different equations in order to estimate the appropriate number of samples in vegetation studies. (Case study: steppe rangelands northeast of Golestan province). Journal of Rangeland Research, 3(4): 559-570.
-Bihamta, M. and Zarechakohi, M.A., 2011. Principles of Statistics in Natural Resources Science. University of Tehran Press; Tehran, 300p.
-Bond, W., 2014. Fires, ecological effects of. In: Rideout-Hanzak, S., Britton, C.M., Whitlaw, H., (Eds). Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Volume 2; Academic Press: Cambridge D.B, USA, Community Ecol., pp. 435-442.
-Cannon, S.H. and De Graff, J., 2009. The increasing wildfire and post-fire debris-flow threat in Western USA, and implications for consequences of climate change: 117-190. In: Sassa, K. and Canuti, P. (Eds.). Landslides disaster risk reduction. Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg Press, 650p.
-Chad, S.B. and Davies, K.W., 2010. Shrub Microsite Influences Post-Fire Perennial Grass Establishment. Rangeland Ecology and Management, 63(2): 248-252.
-Corbin, J.D. and D’Antonio, C.M., 2004. Competition between native perennial and exotic annual grasses: Implications for an historical invasion. Ecology, 85: 1273-1283.
-Dasti, A.A., Sima, S., Athar, M., Rahman, A.U. and Malik, S.A., 2007. Botanical compositionand multivariate analysis of vegetation on the Pothowar plateau, Pakistan. Journal of Botanical Research Institute of Texas, 1(1): 557-568.
-Deák, B., Valkó, O., Török, P., Végvári, Z., Hartel, T., Schmotzer, A., Kapocsi, I. and Tóthmérész, B., 2014. Grassland fires in Hungary—Experiences of nature conservationists on the effects of fire on biodiversity. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 12: 267-283.
-Eftekhari, A., Goudarzi, M., Ashouri, P. and Khalifehzadeh, R., 2018. Changes in vegetation cover of Sirachal mountain rangelands due to fire. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 26(2): 352-366.
-Ffolliott, P.F., Gottfried, G.J., Chen, H., Stropki, C.L. and Neary, D.G., 2012. Fire effects on herbaceous plants and shrubs in the oak savannas of the Southwestern Borderlands. Res. Pap. RMRS-RP-95. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture , Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 15p.
-Eskandari, S. and Jalilvand, H., 2017. Effect of weather changes on fire regime of Neka and Behshahr forests. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research, 15(1): 30-39 (In Persian).
-Ghelichnia, H., 2018. A review of rangeland research in rangelands in northern Iran with emphasis on the existing natural capacities of rangelands. 7th National Rangeland and Rangeland Management Summit of Iran, p.11.
-Gholami, P., Alvaninejad, S. and Amouzgar, L., 2019. Effect of fire in Juniperus communis stands on vegetation composition and some soil characteristic of summer rangeland in Angas, Noshahr city, Mazandaran province. Journal of plant research (Iranian journal of Biology), 24(2): 385-398.
-Gill, A.M., Allan, G. and Yates, C., 2003. Fire created patchiness in Australian savannas. International journal of wildland fire, 12: 323-331.
-Godarzi, M., Azimi M.A. and Zandi Esfahan, A., 2018. Forbe Cover changes due to fire. 7th National Rangeland and Rangeland Management Summit of Iran, 9p.
-Govender, N., Trollope, W.S.W. and Van Wilgen, B.W., 2006. The effect of fire season, fire frequency, rainfall and management on fire intensity in savanna vegetation in South Africa 2006. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43: 748-758.
-Karimi, S., Pourbabaei, H. and KHodakarami, Y., 2017. The effect of fire on the index of relative importance (SIV) and models of distribution of plant species abundance in Zagros forests. Journal of natural ecosystems Iran, 8(3): 109-124.
-Miguel, A., 2008. Management of Natura 2000 habitats. Pseudo-steppe with grasses and annuals of the Thero-Brachypodietea. European Commission, 23p.
-Moghaddam, M.R., 2014. Range and Range management. University Tehran, Tehran, 470p.
-Naghipour Borj, A., Khajeddin, S.J., Bashari, H., Iravani, M. and Tahmasebi, P., 2017. Effects of fire and grazing on density, diversity and richness of soil seed bank in semi- steppe rangelands of Central Zagros region, Iran. Iranian Journal of Range and Desert Research, 23(3): 442-453.
-Nasiri, M., 2012. Investigation on wood resistance of different tree species to fire at Caspian forests of Iran. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 20(3): 505-512 (In Persian). -Noble, I.R. and Slatyer, R.O., 1980. The use of vital attributes to predict successional changes in plant communities subject to recurrent disturbances. Vegetation, 43: 5-21.
-Pelaez, D.V., Boo, R.M. and Mayor, M.D., 2003. El Fuego y la Vegetaciondel Sur del Caldenal, pp. 71-78. In: Kunst, C.R., Bravo, S.Y. Panigatti (Eds.). Fire influence on the Caldenal vegetation. J.L. Fuego en los Ecosistemas Argentinos. Ediciones, INTA, 332p.
-Podur, J., Martell, D.L. and Knight, K., 2002. Statistical quality control analysis of forest fire activity in Canada. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32: 195-205.
-Pyke, D.A., Brooks, M.L. and D’Antonio, C., 2010. Fire as a restoration tool: A decision framework for predicting the control or enhancement of plants using fire. Restoration Ecology, 18(3): 274-284.
-Rasmussen, G.A. and Wright, H.A., 1988. Germination requirements of flameleaf sumac. Journal of Range Management, 41: 48-52.
-Reeves, M.C., Manning, M.E., Di Benedetto, J.P., Palmquist, K.A., Lauenroth, W.K., Bradford, J.B. and Schlaepfer, D.R., 2016. Effects of climate change on rangeland vegetation in the Northern Rockies, pp. 97-114. In: Halofsky, J.E. and Peterson, D.L. (Eds.). Climate Change and Rocky Mountain Ecosystems. Advances in Global Change Research, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 236p.
-Reinwald, A.D., 2013. Effects of disturbing restoration treatments on native grass revegitation and soil seed bank composition in chaetgrass-invaded sagebrush-steppe ecosystems. All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, 1-21. 119.
-Rimer, R.L. and R.D. Evans., 2006. Invasion of downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) causes rapid changes in the nitrogen cycle. American Midland Naturalist, 156: 252-258.
-Ruckman, E.M., Schwinning, S. and Lyons, K.G., 2012. Effects of phenology at burn time on post-fire recovery in an invasive C4 grass. Restoration Ecology, 20: 756-763.
-Scott, J., Burgan. H. and Robert, E., 2005. Standard fire behavior fuel models: a comprehensive set for use with Rothermel’s surface fire spread model. Gen. Tech. Rep. RMRS-GTR-153. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research, Station, 72p.
-Seefeldt, S.S. and Terrance Boott, D., 2006. Measuring plant cover in sagebrush steppe rangelands: A comparison of methods. Environmental management, 37: 703-711. -Sharifi, F. and Iemanie, A.A., 2006. An evaluation of the effect of controlled firing on plant cover change and variety composition in semi-steppe rangelands of Ardebil province (case study: Khalkhal preserved research rangeland). Iranian Journal of Natural Resources Research, 59(2): 517-526.
-Siahmsnsour, R., Arzani, H., Jafari, M., Javadi, S.A. and Tavili, A., 2014. The effect of fire on production, canopy cover, composition, density and soil cover of the habitat, case study: Alpine rangelands of Zagheh basin. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management, 5(4): 275-281.
-Siahmsnsour, R., Arzani, H., Jafari, M., Javadi, S.A. and Tavili, A., 2016. Investigation of short-term effect of fire on vegetative forms and palatable classes in Lorestan slum pastures. Journal of Range and Watershed Management, 5(3): 517-531.
-Siahmsnsour, R., Karimian, R., Mohammadian, A. and Jahanpoor, R., 2020. Investigating the effect of fire on quantitative and qualitative indicators of rangelands and determining fire-resistant species in order to rehabilitate rangelands in critical areas. Report of the National Forests and Rangelands Research Institute, Iran, 62p.
-Stavi, I., 2019. Wildfires in grasslands and shrublands: a review of impacts on vegetation, soil, hydrology, and geomorphology. Water, 11(5): 1024.
-Tahmasebi, P., 2013. Investigation of destructive effects and potentials of using fire as a vegetation management tool in semi-steppe rangelands. Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, 66(2): 287-298.
-Tizon, F.R., Pelaez, D.V. and Elia, O.R., 2010. The influence of controlled fires on a plant community in the south of the Caldenal, and its relationship with a regional state and transition model. Fyton, ISSN 0031 9457, 79: 141-146.
-Trollope, W.S.W., 1999. Veld burning. In: Tainton, N.M. (Eds.). Veld and pasture management in South Africa. Shutter and Shooter, Pieternmaritzburg. pp. 217-243.
-Ünal, S., Mutlu, Z. Urla, Ö., Şahin, B. and Koc, A., 2013. The determination of indicator plant species for steppe rangelands of Nevşehir Province in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 37: 401-409.
-Van Etten, E.J.B., 2010. Fire in ranglands and its role in management. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), 2: 10p.
-Wester, D.B., Rideout-Hanzak, S., Britton, C.M. and Whitlaw, H., 2014. Plant community response to the east Amarillo complex wildfires in the Southern High Plains, USA. Community Ecology, 15: 222-234.
-Zavala, L.M., de Celis, R. and Jordán, A., 2014. How wildfires affect soil properties. A brief review. Cuadernos investigation, Geoge, 40: 311-331.
-Zerga, B., 2015. Rangeland degradation and restoration: a global perspective. Point Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology Research, 1: 37-54.
-Zouhar, K., Smit, J.K., Sutherland, S. and Brooks, M.L., 2008. Wildland Fire in Ecosystems: Fire and Nonnative Plants. Published by United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, USA, 355p. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,447 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 556 |
||