| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,188 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,336 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 51,458,461 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,331,979 |
خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی وبیوشیمیائی میوه وارتباط آن باصفات ارگانولپتیک دربرخی ارقام بومی و وارداتی گلابی(.Pyrus communis L) ایران | ||
| نهال و بذر | ||
| دوره 37، شماره 2، تیر 1400، صفحه 171-190 اصل مقاله (1.23 M) | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/sppi.2021.125708 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حمید عبداللهی* 1؛ فرناز تهذیبیحق2 | ||
| 1پژوهشکده میوههای معتدله و سردسیری، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ابهر، ابهر، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش تعداد هفت رقم بومی و پنج رقم وارداتی گلابی (Pyrus communis L.)از نظر خصوصیات مورفولوژیک میوه و صفات بیوشیمائی شامل مواد جامد محلول، اسیدهای آلی قابل تیتر، اسیدیته عصاره، تراکم و اندازه بافت اسکلرئید، اسید آسکوربیک و خصوصیات ارگانولپتیک طی سال 1396 و 1397 ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که در ارزیابیهای مورفولوژیک میوه مهمترین صفات متمایز کننده: فرم عمومی و اندازه میوه، نسبت طول به قطر، محل قرارگیری بیشترین قطر، پروفیل کنار میوه، رنگ زمینه و بزرگی عدسکها در رنگ زمینه، بزرگی لکه رنگ روئی و خصوصیات دم میوه بودند. همچنین سه رقم کوشیا، لوئیزبون و اسپادونا، شباهت ظاهری بسیار قابل توجهی داشتند که با توجه به مخلوط این سه رقم در نهالستانهای گلابی کشور، خصوصیات دممیوه شامل: اندازه، ضخامت و میزان خمیدگی از صفات بسیار متمایزکننده در این ارقام بود. میزان مواد جامد محلول در دامنه 14 تا 4/17 درصد متغیر و کمترین آن در رقم زودرس بوره ژیفارد و بالاترین آن در رقم فلسطینی دیده شد. تغییرات میزان اسید قابل تیتر میوه نیز بین 4/3 میلیگرم به ازاء گرم وزن تازه میوه در ارقام درگزی، لوئیزبون و اسپادونا تا 4/11 میلیگرم به ازاء گرم وزن تازه میوه در رقم دمکج بود. در مجموع بالاترین امتیاز کلی میوه در ارزیابیهای ارگانولپتیک متعلق به رقم لوئیزبون بود که کیفیت میوه آن بسیارعالی ارزیابی شد. ویژگی های کیفیت میوه این رقم در زمان رسیدن و سایر خصوصیات باغی نظیر سازگاری روی پایههای رویشی و تحمل به بیماری آتشک دلیل گسترش آن به عنوان عمده ترین رقم تجاری گلابی ایران است. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گلابی؛ خوشههای اسکلروئیدی؛ اسید آسکوربیک؛ سفتی بافت؛ رقم تجاری؛ صفات متمایزکننده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Morphological and Biochemical Fruit Characteristics and Their Relationship with Organoleptic Attributes in Some Native and Introduced Pear (Pyrus communis L.) Cultivars of Iran | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| H. Abdollahi1؛ F. Tahzibi Hagh2 | ||
| 1Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Faculty of Agriculture, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In the present study, seven native and five introduced pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars were evaluated for fruit morphological traits and biochemical characteristics including total soluble solids, total titratable organic acids, acidity of juice, sclereid cell density and size, ascorbic acid and organoleptic attributes. The results showed that in fruit morphological evaluations, the most important distinguishing traits were general shape and fruit size, length: diameter ratio, position of maximum diameter, fruit side profile, background color and size of lentils in ground color, size of over color area and the characteristics of fruit stalk. Also, three very similar cultivars, Coscia, Louis Bonne and Spadona, showed that these similarities has caused synonym and homonym names for them in some nurseries. However, they were distinguishable by the fruit characteristics including size, thickness and curvature of stalks. Total soluble solids contents of fruit varied from 14 to 17.4%, and the lowest was observed in Beurre Giffard cultivar and the highest in Felestini. Total titratable acid content of the fruit also varied between 3.4 mg g-1 of fresh weight in cv. Dargazi, cv. Louis Bonne and cv. Spadona and 11.4 mg g-1 of fresh weight in cv. Domkaj. In general, the highest overall score of fruit quality in organoleptic evaluations belonged to cv. Louis Bonne, which due to its excellent quality at the ripening time and other characteristics such as compatibility with the clonal rootstocks and fire blight tolerance has become the most popular commercial pear cultivar in Iran, in recent years. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Pear, sclereid cluster, ascorbic acid, firmness of texture, commercial cultivar, distinct characteristics | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Abdollahi, H. 2010. Pear: botany, cultivars and rootstocks. Agricultural Ministry of Iran Publications. Tehran, Iran. 210 pp. (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., and Mohammadi Gramaroudi, M. 2019. Evaluation of growth and bearing of several commercial pear (Pyrus communis) cultivars on semi-dwarfing Pyrodwarf rootstock. Plant Production Technology 10: 179-190 (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H., and Tahzibi Hagh, F. 2019. Evaluation of vegetative and reproductive characteristics of some introductions of European pear (Pyrus communis L.) cultivars using morphological markers. Seed and Plant Journal 34: 395-421 (in Persian).
Abdollahi, H. 2021a. Contribution of molecular evidence and historic miniatures confirms the role of Silk Road in evolution of pear cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 1315: 221-226.
Abdollahi, H. 2021b. An illustrated review on manifestation of pome fruit germplasm in the historic miniatures of ancient Persia. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 68: 2775–2791.
Abdollahi, H., and Hassani, H. 2021. Vegetative characteristics and early bearing of some fire blight tolerant European pear cultivars on semi-dwarfing Pyrodwarf® and OH × F87TM rootstocks. Seed and Plant Journal 37: 41-62 (in Persian).
Abu Ali Sina, S. R. 2010. The canon of medicine. Soroush Publisher. Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting Organization. Tehran, Iran (in Persian).
Alizadeh, K., Fatholahi, S., and Teixeira da Silva, J. A. 2015. Variation in the fruit characteristics of local pear (Pyrus spp.) in the Northwest of Iran. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 62: 635-641.
Attar, S., Davarynejad, G., and Nemati, S. H. 2017. Study of quantitative and qualitative traits of five native and foreign pear cultivars in Khorasan Razavi province. Plant Production Technology 8: 53-67 (in Persian).
Babaei, F., Abdollahi, H., and Khorramdel Azad, M. 2011. Detection of pear S-alleles by setting up a revised identification system. Acta Horticulturae 976: 339-343.
Bashiri, H., Cheghamirza, K., Arji, I., and Mahmodi, N. 2017. Assessing genetic diversity of Pyrus spp. in the central Zagros Mountains based on morphological characters. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 64: 391–404.
Bell, L. R., and Itai, A. 2011. Pyrus. Pp. 147–177. In: Kole, C. (ed.). Wild crop relatives: genomic and breeding resources. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
Davoudi, A., Majidi, E., Rahimian, H., and Valizade, M. 2005. Study of fire blight severity in some pear cultivars with USDA standard system. Journal of Water and Soil Science (Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources) 9 (2): 159-168 (in Persian).
Erfani, J., Abdollahi, H., Ebadi, A., Fatahi Moghadam, M. R., and Arzani, K. 2013. Evaluation of fire blight resistance and the related markers in some European and Asian pear cultivars. Seed and Plant Journal 29-1: 659-672 (in Persian).
Erfani, J., Ebadi, A., Abdollahi, H., and Fatahi, M. R. 2012. Genetic diversity of some pear cultivars and genotypes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter 30: 1065–1072.
Erfani, J., Ebadi, A., Abdollahi, H., and Fattahi Moghaddam, M. 2014. Evaluation of genetic diversity of some pear (Pyrus spp.) genotypes and species based on morphological characteristics. Iranian Journal of Horticultural Science 45: 11-21 (in Persian).
Jurick, W. M., Eunhee Park, L. L., Gaskins, V. L., Newell, M. J., Harshman, J. M., and Walsh, C. S. 2015. Evaluation of fruit quality and susceptibility to blue mold of nine Asian pear cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 1094: 471-475.
Khorshidi, S., Davarynejad, G., Samiei, L., and Moghaddam, M. 2017. Study of genetic diversity of pear genotypes and cultivars (Pyrus communis L.) using inter-simple sequence repeat markers (ISSR). Erwerbs-Obstbau 59: 301–308.
Kulp, K., Lorenz, K., and Stone, M. 1991. Functionality of carbohydrates ingredients in bakery products. Food Technology 45: 136–142.
Lim, K. 2012. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Volume 4. Fruits. Springer Science Publisher. Heidelberg, Germany.1022 pp.
Nikzad Gharehaghaji, A., Abdollahi, H., Arzani, K., Shojaeiyan, A., Padasht, M. N., Dondini, L., and De Franceschi, P. 2014a. Contribution of western and eastern species to the Iranian pear germplasm revealed by the characterization of s-genotypes. Acta Horticulturae 1032: 159-167.
Nikzad Gharehaghaji, A., Arzani, K., Abdollahi, H., Shojaeiyan, A., Dondini, L., and De Franceschi, P. 2014b. Genomic characterization of self-incompatibility ribonucleases in the Central Asian pear germplasm and introgression of new alleles from other species of the genus Pyrus. Tree Genetic and Genomics 10: 411-428.
Sadeghi, L., Abdollahi, H., and Fakhraee Lahiji, M. 2008. National guideline for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability in pear. Seed and Plant Certification and Registration Institute. 37 pp. (in Persian).
Sadeghnejad, S., Abdollahi, H., Nikzad Gharehaghaji, A., and Hassani, M. 2014. Interspecies hybridization of Pyrus species along the Silk Road, detected by using species-specific S-alleles. Acta Horticulturae 1032: 169-172.
Sha, S. F., Li, J. C., Jun Wu, J., and Zhang, S. L. 2011. Characteristics of organic acids in the fruit of different pear species. African Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 2403-2410.
U. S. Department of Agriculture. 2011. USDA national nutrient database for standard reference, Release 24. Nutrient data laboratory home page. http://www.ars.usda.gov/ba/bhnrc/ndl.
UPOV. 2000. Guidelines for the conduct of tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability pear (Pyrus communis L.). International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. Geneva, Switzerland. 43 pp.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 468 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 352 |
||