| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,917 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,579,731 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,698,537 |
توان گونههای جنگلی بلوط (.Quercus spp) و پسته وحشی (.Pistacia atlantica Desf) در جذب ذرات ریزگرد | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 29، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 85، مهر 1400، صفحه 273-284 اصل مقاله (1.28 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2021.356258.2023 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| ایوب مرادی* 1؛ کامبیز طاهری آبکنار2؛ نقی شعبانیان3؛ منصور افشار محمدیان4 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، پژوهشگر پسادکتری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، مرکز پژوهش و توسعه جنگلداری زاگرس شمالی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| طوفان‌‌های گردوغبار، منبع عمده ذرات جامد در جهان هستند که تأثیر قابل‌توجهی بر آلودگی هوا، سلامت انسان و محیط‌زیست دارند. برگ‌های گیاهان نه‌تنها با جذب ذرات معلق موجود در هوا، کیفیت آن را بهبود می‌دهند، بلکه تحت تأثیر انباشت ذرات ریزگرد روی خود نیز هستند. هدف از پژوهش پیش‌رو، ارزیابی مقدار جذب ریزگردها توسط برگ گونههای غالب درختی شامل بلوط ایرانی (Quercus Brantii Lindl.)، وی‌‌ول (Q. libani Oliv.)، مازودار (Q. infectoria Oliv.) و پسته وحشی (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) در جنگل‌های زاگرس شمالی بود. به‌این‌منظور با استفاده از یک شبکه آماربرداری منظم تصادفی در جنگل‌های شهرستان مریوان در استان کردستان از خاک منطقه، برگ درختان و ریزگرد رسوب‌یافته روی آن‌ها نمونه‌برداری شد. فراساختار برگ گونههای مذکور توسط میکروسکوپ الکترونی بررسی شد. عناصر موجود در خاک منطقه و ریزگرد رسوب‌یافته روی برگ درختان به‌تفکیک گونههای مورد مطالعه با استفاده از سیستم EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) و دستگاه جذب اتمی ارزیابی شدند. درنهایت، توان هر هکتار جنگل در جذب ریزگرد برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که ساختار ریخت‌شناختی برگ‌های هر سه گونه بلوط و نیز پسته وحشی به‌طور کامل با یکدیگر متفاوت هستند. این تفاوت‌‌ها، نقش متمایزی در رسوب ریزگرد روی برگ درختان ایفا می‌‌کنند. بیشترین مقدار جذب ریزگرد توسط برگ در بلوط ایرانی (012/0 گرم در هر برگ) و سپس، در مازودار (006/0 گرم در هر برگ) و وی‌‌ول (005/0 گرم در هر برگ) مشاهده شد، درحالی‌که کمترین مقدار این متغیر مربوط به پسته وحشی (0015/0 گرم در هر برگ) بود. مقدار ریزگرد رسوبی در یک هکتار از جنگل‌های مورد مطالعه با موجودی خوب (400 اصله در هکتار) 7/87 کیلوگرم برآورد شد. نتایج آزمایش EDS نشان داد که عناصر رادیواکتیو، سنگین، سمی و خطرناک در نمونه‌‌های خاک وجود نداشتند. یافته‌های این پژوهش بیانگر نقش خوب درختان جنگلی در پالایش هوای آلوده از ریزگرد و نیز توان متفاوت گونههای مورد مطالعه برای جذب آن هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| جذب ذرات؛ جنگل‌های زاگرس؛ درختان جنگلی؛ طوفان ریزگرد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The potential of oak (Quercus sp.) and wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) forest species to deposit microdust particles | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| A. Moradi1؛ K. Taheri Abkenar2؛ N. Shabanian3؛ M. Afshar Mohammadian4 | ||
| 1Corresponding author, Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 2Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan | ||
| 3Associate Prof., Department of Forestry, The Center for Research and Development of Northern Zagros Forestry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Dust storms are a major source of solid particles in the world that significantly impact air pollution and human and environmental health. Generally, trees and plants not only improve air quality by absorbing airborne particles on the surface of their leaves, but also they are affected by the accumulation of fine particles on their leaf surfaces. In this study, the uptake of fine dust by some dominant forest species of the Zagros region (Quercus Brantii Lindl., Q. libani Oliv., Q. infectoria Oliv. and Pistacia atlantica Desf.) was evaluated in the North Zagros Forests of Iran. For this purpose, soil, leaves and microdust on tree leaves were sampled by using a random systematic sampling network in the forests of Marivan County, Kurdistan province. The leaf ultrastructure of these species was examined by electron microscopy (SEM). Elements in the soil of the area and microdust deposited on the leaves of the trees were evaluated using the EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) system and atomic absorption spectrometry. Finally, the ability of each hectare of forest to absorb fine dust was derived. Results showed that the leaves of all three oak species as well as wild pistachio are structurally different, which plays a distinct role in the deposition of microdust on tree leaves. The highest amount of microdust uptake by leaves was observed for Q. Brantii (0.012 g per leaf), followed by Q. infectoria (0.006 g per leaf) and Q. libani (0.005 g per leaf). In contrast, the lowest amount was observed for P. atlantica (0.0015 g per leaf). Based on the results, the amount of deposited dust in one hectare of forest in the study area with appropriate coverage (400 units per hectare) was estimated at 87.7 kg. The results of EDS test showed that the tested soil samples did not contain radioactive elements as well as heavy, toxic and dangerous elements. The results of the current study indicate the notable role of forest trees in the purification of air polluted by microdust as well as the the difference between species in their ability to absorb microdust. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Dust storm, forest trees, particle absorption, Zagros Forests | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abasi, L., 2014. Estimation of leaf area index of Lebanon-Gal oak stands (Quercu Libani, Quercus infectoria) in untouched and pruned forests in Baneh County. M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 84p (In Persian). - Adl, H.R., 2007. Estimation of leaf biomass and leaf area index of two major species in Yasuj forests. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 15(4): 417-426 (In Persian). - Ait Said, S., Fernandez, C., Greff, S., Derridj, A., Gauquelin, T. and Mevy, J.P., 2011. Inter-population variability of leaf morpho-anatomical and terpenoid patterns of Pistacia atlantica Desf. ssp. atlantica growing along an aridity gradient in Algeria. Flora, 206: 397-405. - Azizi, Gh., Miri, M. and Nabavi, O.S., 2012. Detection of dust in the western half of Iran. Journal of Arid Regions Geographic Studies, 2(7): 103-118 (In Persian). - Beckett, K.P., Freer-Smith, P.H. and Taylor, G., 2000. Particulate pollution capture by urban trees: effect of species and windspeed. Global Change Biology, 6(8): 995-1003. - Binandeh, O., 2018. Potential and effects of charcoal production on the structure of the forest (Case Study: Veshkalan Forest, Marivan). M.Sc. thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 100p (In Persian). - Burkhardt, J., 2010. Hygroscopic particles on leaves: nutrients or desiccants? Ecological Monograph, 80(3): 369-399. - Chen, L., Liu, C., Zhang, L., Zou, R. and Zhang, Z., 2017. Variation in tree species ability to capture and retain airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Scientific Reports, 7: 3206. - Dzierzanowski, K., Popek, R., Gawrońska, H., Sæbø, A. and Gawroński, S.W., 2011. Deposition of particulate matter of different size fractions on leaf surfaces and in waxes of urban forest species. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 13(10): 1037-1046. - Flagg, C.B., Neff, J.C., Reynolds, R.L. and Belnap, J., 2014. Spatial and temporal patterns of dust emissions (2004–2012) in semi-arid landscapes, southeastern Utah, USA. Aeolian Research, 15: 31-43. - Jouraeva, V.A., Johnson, D.L., Hassett, J.P. and Nowak, D.J., 2002. Differences in accumulation of PAHs and metals on the leaves of Tilia×euchlora and Pyrus calleryana. Environmental Pollution, 120(2): 331-338. - Khoran, M. and Rahimi, M., 2013. Investigation of the origin and distribution of dust and its environmental effects (Case study: West of Iran). Proceedings of First National Conference on Environmental Protection and Planning. Hamedan, 21 Feb. 2013: 19p (In Persian). - Liu, L., Guan, D. and Peart, M.R., 2012. The morphological structure of leaves and the dust-retaining capability of afforested plants in urban Guangzhou, South China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 19: 3440-3449. - McDonald, A.G., Bealey, W.J., Fowler, D., Dragosits, U., Skiba, U., Smith, R.I., ... and Nemitz, E., 2007. Quantifying the effect of urban tree planting on concentrations and depositions of PM10 in two UK conurbations. Atmospheric Environment, 41(38): 8455-8467. - Mehrnia, M. and Assadi, M., 2015. Study of libani group of oaks in Zagros mountains and an introduction to new records of this flora of Iran. Journal of Plant Research (Iranian Journal of Biology), 27(5): 964-977 (In Persian). - Nowak, D.J., Crane, D.E. and Stevens, J.C., 2006. Air pollution removal by urban trees and shrubs in the United States. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 4(3-4): 115-123. - Panahi, P., Jamzad, Z., Pormajidian, M.R., Fallah, A. and Pourhashemi, M., 2012. Foliar epidermis morphology in Quercus (subgenus Quercus, section Quercus) in Iran. Acta Botanica Croatica, 71(1): 95-113. - Pant, P. and Harrison, R.M., 2013. Estimation of the contribution of road traffic emissions to particulate matter concentrations from field measurements: A review. Atmospheric Environment, 77: 78-97. - Paoletti, E., Bardelli, T., Giovannini, G. and Pecchioli, L., 2011. Air quality impact of an urban park over time. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 4: 10-16. - Popek, R., Gawrońska, H., Wrochna, M., Gawroński, S.W. and Saebø, A., 2013. Particulate matter on foliage of 13 woody species: deposition on surfaces and phytostabilisation in waxes – a 3-year study. International Journal of Phytoremediation, 15(3): 245-256. - Prusty, B.A.K., Mishra, P.C. and Azeez, P.A., 2005. Dust accumulation and leaf pigment content in vegetation near the national highway at Sambalpur, Orissa, India. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 60(2): 228-235. - Rai, A., Kulshreshtha, K., Srivastava, P.K. and Mohanty, C.S., 2010. Leaf surface structure alterations due to particulate pollution in some common plants. Environmentalist, 30: 18-23. - Sæbø, A., Popek, R., Nawrot, B., Hanslin, H.M., Gawronska, H. and Gawronski, S.W., 2012. Plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces. Science of the Total Environment, 427-428: 347-354. - Song, Y., Maher, B.A., Li, F., Wang, X., Sun, X. and Zhang, H., 2015. Particulate matter deposited on leaf of five evergreen species in Beijing, China: Source identification and size distribution. Atmospheric Environment, 105: 53-60. - Taherzadeh Mousavian, S.M. and Taheri Abkenar, K., 2013. Effect of sediment of Cement Plant dust pollution on the plant species of surrounding areas of plant. Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Cement Industry, Energy and Environment (CIEE). Tehran, 11-13 Feb. 2013, 10p (In Persian). - Wang, Y.C., 2011. Carbon sequestration and foliar dust retention by woody plants in the greenbelts along two major Taiwan highways. Annals of Applied Biology, 159(2): 244-251. - Weerakkody, U., Dover, J.W., Mitchell, P. and Reiling, K., 2017. Particulate matter pollution capture by leaves of seventeen living wall species with special reference to rail-traffic at a metropolitan station. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 27: 173-186. - Yang, J., McBride, J., Zhou, J. and Sun, Z., 2005. The urban forest in Beijing and its role in air pollution reduction. Urban forestry and Urban Greening, 3(2): 65-78. - Yang, J., Wang, H.X., Xie, B.Z., Shi, H. and Wang, Y.H., 2015. Accumulation of particulate matter on leaves of nine urban greening plant species with different micromorphological structures in Beijing. Research of Environmental Sciences, 28(3): 384-392. - Younis, U., Bokhari, T.Z., Malik, S.A., Ahmad, S. and Raja, R., 2013. Variations in leaf dust accumulation, foliage and pigment attributes in fruiting plant species exposed to particulate pollution from Multan. International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research, 3(3): 1-12. - Yousefi, H. and Najafi, A., 2013. Assessment of depleted uranium in South-Western Iran. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, 124: 160-162. - Zarasvandi, A., Rastmanesh, F., Pourkaseb, H. and Azarmi, Z., 2012. Impacts of flying dust phenomenon on heavy metal concentration in soils and absorption by selected plant species in Ahvaz city. Advanced Applied Geology, 1(2): 101-112 (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,169 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 665 |
||