| تعداد نشریات | 286 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 84 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,005 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,631 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 44,479,927 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 30,144,379 |
اثر عوامل بوم‌شناختی بر سازگاری‌‌های فیزیولوژیکی، آناتومیکی و مورفولوژیکی برگ توسکای ییلاقی (.Alnus subcordata C.A.Mey) در جنگلهای هیرکانی | ||
| تحقیقات جنگل و صنوبر ایران | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 29، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 85، مهر 1400، صفحه 230-244 اصل مقاله (645.03 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfpr.2021.355062.2008 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| روح‌انگیز عباس‌عظیمی* 1؛ عادل جلیلی2؛ غلامرضا بخشی خانیکی3؛ محمد متینی‌زاده4؛ حمید سبحانیان5 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، دانشجوی دکتری، فیزیولوژی گیاهی ، گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3استاد، گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4دانشیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 5استادیار، گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در پژوهش پیش‌رو، اثر عوامل بوم‌شناختی بر تغییرات کمی 10 صفت فیزیولوژیکی، 12 صفت آناتومیکی و دو صفت مورفولوژیکی برگ در شش جمعیت مختلف توسکای ییلاقی (Alnus subcordata C.A.Mey.) در سه طبقه ارتفاعی پایینبند، میان‌‌بند و بالابند در غرب (استان گیلان) و شرق (استان گلستان) جنگلهای هیرکانی مقایسه شد. از تجزیه واریانس دوطرفه به‌منظور بررسی اثر عوامل بوم‌شناختی (دما و بارش) و برهم‌‌کنش آن‌ها بر متغیرهای مورد مطالعه استفاده شد. روش تجزیه به مؤلفه‌‌های اصلی نیز برای ارزیابی همبستگی بین صفات برگ و ارتباط آن‌ها با عوامل بوم‌شناختی به‌کار برده شد. براساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده، فعالیت آنزیم‌‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز و مقدار پرولین در شرق جنگلهای هیرکانی به‌طور معنیداری کمتر از غرب این جنگلها و مقدار فنل برگ در استان گلستان بیش از 5/1 برابر استان گیلان بود. تفاوت معنیداری بین دو این استان ازنظر فعالیت آنزیم سوپراکسید‌‌دیسموتاز و مقدار قند محلول مشاهده نشد. سوپراکسید‌‌دیسموتاز با افزایش ارتفاع از سطح دریا به‌طور معنیداری زیاد شد، درحالی‌که مقدار قند محلول از پایینبند تا میان‌‌بند، افزایش و در بالابند کاهش یافت. در مقدار کلروفیل‌‌های a و b، کلروفیل کل و کاروتنوئید برگ بین دو استان و در ارتفاعات مختلف و نیز اثر ناشی از برهم‌‌کنش عوامل بوم‌شناختی بر آن‌ها، اختلاف معنیداری مشاهده نشد. مهمترین سازگاری‌‌های مهم مورفولوژیکی و آناتومیکی برگ نسبت به خشکی شامل افزایش صفات ضخامت برگ، تراکم و طول روزنه سطح پایینی، ضخامت کوتیکول سلولهای پایینی، ضخامت سلولهای اپیدرم بالایی، ضخامت سلولهای نردبانی، ضخامت سلولهای اسفنجی، ضخامت رگبرگ میانی، ضخامت و تعداد سلولهای پارانشیمی پایینی رگبرگ میانی بودند. بین صفات مورفولوژیکی و بیشتر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی برگ توسکای ییلاقی با عوامل بوم‌شناختی، همبستگی وجود داشت. همچنین، اثرات متقابل عوامل بوم‌شناختی بر برخی صفات آناتومیکی برگ، معنی‌‌دار بودند. به‌‌نظر می‌‌رسد سازش‌‌های آناتومیکی که طی مدت طولانی در گیاهان ایجاد می‌‌‌شوند، شاخص‌‌های مناسب‌‌تری برای سنجش اثرات تنش خشکی بر آن‌ها باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| "اکوفیزیولوژی"؛ "خشکی"؛ "ارتفاع"؛ " گیلان"؛ "گلستان" | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effects of ecological factors on physiological, anatomical and morphological adaptations of Alnus subcordata C.A.Mey. in the Hyrcanian Forests | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| R. Abbas-Azimi1؛ A. Jalili2؛ Gh. Bakhshi-Khaniki3؛ M. Matinizadeh4؛ H. Sobhanian5 | ||
| 1Corresponding author, Ph.D. Student of Plant Physiology , Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Prof., Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Prof., Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, AREEO, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 5Assistant Prof., Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The effects of ecological factors and their interaction on quantitative changes of 10 physiological, 12 anatomical and two morphological traits of leaves in six different populations of Caucasian alder (Alnus subcordata C.A.Mey.) in the west (Guilan province) and east (Golestan province) of Hyrcanian forests were examined and statistically compared in three altitudinal ranges of lowlands, midlands and highlands. Two-way analysis of variance was used to investigate the effect of ecological factors in the region (temperature and precipitation) and their interaction on the studied variables. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used for the correlation between leaf traits and the relationship between environmental factors. The activity of catalase, peroxidase enzymes and proline were significantly different between the two provinces and showed an increasing trend from west to east. In addition, the amount of phenol in the site located in Golestan province was about 1.5 times that of Guilan province. There was no significant difference between the levels of superoxide dismutase activity and the amount of soluble sugar between the two provinces. Superoxide dismutase showed an increasing trend from lowlands to highlands, but the amount of soluble sugar increased from low altitudes to midlands and decreased in the highlands. There was no significant difference in the amount of chlorophylls a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids between the two provinces and at different altitudes, as well as the effects of the interaction of ecological factors on them. The most important morphological and anatomical adaptations to drought included increased leaf thickness, stomata density and length, abaxial cuticle thickness, epidermal cell thickness, thickness of palisade cells, thickness of spongy cells, middle vein thickness, thickness of vein abaxial parenchyma cells and number of abaxial parenchyma layers of vein. There was a correlation between most leaf physiological as well as morphological traits and ecological factors. The results of analysis of variance and the interaction of ecological factors on some anatomical features of Caucasian alder leaves were significant. It seems that the anatomical adaptations that are formed in plants over a long period of time are more appropriate indicators for measuring drought stress in plants. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Catalase, ecophysiology, epidermal traits, peroxidase, proline, stomata | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Aas, G., Maier, J., Baltisberger, M. and Matzger, S., 1994. Morphology, isozyme variation, cytology, and reproduction of hybrids between Sorbus aria (L.) Crantz and S. torminalis (L.) Crantz. Botanica Helvetica, 104(2): 195-214. - Abbas-Azimi, R., Jalili, A., Bakhshi-Khaniki, Gh., Sobhanian, H. and Matinizadeh, M., 2020. Effect of latitude and longitude on quantitative changes of some anatomical and morphological features of Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey. leaves in Hyrcanian forests. Iranian Journal of Botany, 26(1): 75-90. - Akhani, H., Djamali, M., Ghorbanalizadeh, A. and Ramezani, E., 2010. Plant biodiversity of Hyrcanian relict forests, N Iran: an overview of the flora, vegetation, palaeoecology and conservation. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 42(1): 231-258. - Avci, N. and Aygün, A., 2014. Determination of stomatal density and distribution on leaves of Turkish hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 20(4): 454-459. - Bates, I.S., Waldern, R.P. and Teare, I.D., 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1): 205-207. - Borrajo, C.I., Sánchez-Moreiras, A.M. and Reigosa, M.J., 2018. Morpho-physiological responses of tall wheatgrass populations to different levels of water stress. Plos One, 13(12): e0209281. - Danquash, J.A., Appiah, M. and Ari, P., 2011. Leaf morphometric variation in two species of African mahoganies: Khaya ivorensis and Khaya anthotheca (Meliaceae). European Journal of Scientific Research, 54(3): 325-338. - Etebarian, H.R., 1988. Investigation of quantitative phenolic changes in different barley cultivars during the growth of Puccinia hordei fungi and their relationship with the resistance of these cultivars to barley brown rust disease. Journal of Plant Diseases, 24(1): 61-69 (In Persian). - Ghanati, F., Morita, A. and Yokota, H., 2002. Induction of suberin and increase of lignin content by excess boron in tobacco cells. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 48(3): 357-364. - Giannopolitis, C.N. and Ries, S.K., 1977. Superoxide dismutases: I. Occurrence in higher plants. Plant Physiology, 59(2): 309-314. - Guo, Q.Q., Li, H.E. and Zhang, W.H., 2016. Variations in leaf functional traits and physiological characteristics of Abies georgei var. smithii along the altitude gradient in the Southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Mountain Science, 13(10): 1818-1828. - Hosseini Sarghein, S., Carapetian, J. and Khara, J., 2011. The effects of UV radiation on some structural and ultrastructural parameters in pepper (Capsicum longum A.DC.). Turkish Journal of Biology, 35(1): 69-77. - Hubbard, R.M., Bond, B.J. and Ryan, M.G., 1999. Evidence that hydraulic conductance limits photosynthesis in old Pinus ponderosa trees. Tree Physiology, 19(3): 165-172. - Irigoyen, J.J., Einerich, D.W. and Sánchez Díaz, M., 1992. Water stress induced changes in concentrations of proline and total soluble sugars in nodulated alfalfa (Medicago sativa) plants. Physiologia Plantarum, 84(1): 58-60. - Körner, C., Neumayer, M., Menendez-Riedl, S.P. and Smeets-Scheel, A., 1989. Functional morphology of mountain plants. Flora, 182(5-6): 353-383. - Li, S., Tosens, T., Harley, P.C., Jiang, Y., Kanagendran, A., Grosberg, M., ... and Niinemets, Ü., 2018. Glandular trichomes as a barrier against atmospheric oxidative stress: relationships with ozone uptake, leaf damage, and emission of LOX products across a diverse set of species. Plant, Cell and Environment, 41(6): 1263-1277. - Lichtenthaler, H.K. and Wellburn, A.R., 1983. Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents. Biochemical Society Transactions, 11(5): 591-592. - Liu, C., Liu, Y., Guo, K., Fan, D., Li, G., Zheng, Y., ... and Yang, R., 2011. Effect of drought on pigments, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant enzymes in six woody plant species in karst habitats of southwestern China. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 71(2): 174-183. - Liu, Y., Li, X., Chen, G., Li, M., Liu, M. and Liu, D., 2015. Epidermal micromorphology and mesophyll structure of Populus euphratica heteromorphic leaves at different development stages. PLos One, 10(9): e0137701. - Lykholat, Y., Khromyk, N., Ivan'ko, I., Kovalenko, I., Shupranova, L. and Kharytonov, M., 2016. Metabolic responses of steppe forest trees to altitude-associated local environmental changes. Agriculture and Forestry, 62(2): 163-171. - Metcalfe, C.R. and Chalk, L., 1950. Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Leaves, Stem, and Wood in Relation to Taxonomy with Notes on Economic Uses, Volume II. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1500p. - Mohebi Bijarpasi, M., Rostami Shahraji, T. and Samizadeh Lahiji, H., 2018. Study of antioxidant enzymes activity of Fagus orientalis Lipsky to environmental changes along altitude gradient (Case Study: Guilan forests, Masal). Nova Biologica Reperta, 5(2): 95-105 (In Persian). - Mohebi Bijarpasi, M., Rostami Shahraji, T. and Samizadeh Lahiji, H., 2019. Effect of elevation gradient on morphological and physiological responses of Fagus orientalis Lipsky leaves in Guilan forests. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 26(4): 577-590 (In Persian). - Muir, C.D., 2018. Light and growth form interact to shape stomatal ratio among British angiosperms. New Phytologist, 218(1): 242-252. - Papalia, T., Panuccio, M.R., Sidari, M. and Muscolo, A., 2018. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymatic systems in plants: role and methods: 177-193. In: Sánchez-Moreiras, A.M. and Reigosa, M.J. (Eds.). Advances in Plant Ecophysiology Techniques. Springer, Cham, 497p. - Rezai, Gh., Yezdian, F., Shafizadeh, F. and Hedayati, M.A., 2014. Effects of altitiudinal variation on physical and physiological characteristics of alder seeds (Alnus Subcordata C.A.M) (case study Vaz forest management plan-district 1). Journal of Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 5(1): 15-22 (In Persian). - Saeedi, Z., Azadfar, D. and Saghebtalebi, Kh., 2015. Leaf stomata characteristics diversity of oriental beech in Hyrcanian forests. Journal of Wood and Forest Science and Technology, 22(1): 167-184 (In Persian). - Saeedi, Z., Azadfar, D., Saghebtalebi, Kh. and Tohidfar, M., 2021. Study of the ecological characteristics of Fagus orientalis Lipsky in four different sites of Hyrcanina forests. Journal of Forest Research and Development, 7(1): 1-13 (In Persian). - Shen, H.F., Zhao, B., Xu, J.J., Liang, W., Huang, W.M. and Li, H.H., 2017. Effects of heat stress on changes in physiology and anatomy in two cultivars of Rhododendron. South African Journal of Botany, 112: 338-345. - Siefermann-Harms, D., 1987. The light-harvesting and protective functions of carotenoids in photosynthetic membranes. Physiologia Plantarum, 69(3): 561-568. - Siminis, C.I., Kanellis, A.K. and Roubelakis-Angelakis, K.A., 1994. Catalase is differentially expressed in dividing and nondividing protoplasts. Plant Physiology, 105(4): 1375-1383. - Stavrianakou, S., Liakopoulos, G., Miltiadou, D., Markoglou, A.N., Ziogas, B.N. and Karabourniotis, G., 2010. Antifungal and antibacterial capacity of extracted material from non-glandular and glandular leaf hairs applied at physiological concentrations. Plant Stress, 4(1): 25-30. - Tariq, A., Pan, K., Olatunji, O.A., Graciano, C., Li, Z., Sun, F., ... and Zhang, A., 2018. Phosphorous fertilization alleviates drought effects on Alnus cremastogyne by regulating its antioxidant and osmotic potential. Scientific Reports, 8(1): 5644. - Thadani, R., Berlyn, G.P. and Ashton, M.S., 2009. A comparison of leaf physiology and anatomy of two Himalayan oaks in response to different light environments. Journal of Sustainable Forestry, 28(1-2): 74-91. - Velízquez Rosas, N., Meave, J. and Vízquez Santana, S., 2002. Elevational variation of leaf traits in montane rain forest tree species at La Chinantla, Southern México. Biotropica, 34(4): 534-546. - Wang, R., Yu, G., He, N., Wang, Q., Xia, F., Zhao, N., .... and Ge, J., 2014. Elevation-related variation in leaf stomatal traits as a function of plant functional type: evidence from Changbai Mountain, China. PLoS One, 9(12): e115395. - Yosefzadeh, H., Akbarian, M.R. and Akbarinia, M., 2009. Variation in leaf morphology of Parrotia persica along an elevational gradient in Eastern Mazandaran Province (N. Iran). Rostaniha, 9(2): 178-189 (In Persian). - Zare-Maivan, H., Lotfi Fard, F. and Tayebi, Z., 2015. Stress response of dominant forest tree species south of the Caspian Sea in relation to soil from coast to upland. Journal of the Persian Gulf, 6(22): 1-12. - Zarrabi, M.M., Talaai, A., Soleimani, A. and Haddad, R., 2011. Physiological characteristic and biochemical changes six olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars under drought stress. Journal of Horticultural Science, 24(2): 234-244 (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 482 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 318 |
||