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بررسی روابط بین شاخص‌های رشد و عملکرد در لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم نان در شرایط فاریاب و دیم | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 132، آبان 1400، صفحه 96-69 اصل مقاله (829.7 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2021.351191.1489 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| خسرو ارشادی منش* 1؛ عادل سی و سه مرده2؛ فرزاد حسین پناهی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری رشته فیزیولوژی ، گروه زراعت ، دانشکده کشاورزی ، دانشگاه کردستان/ مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه | ||
| 2عضو هیئت علمی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه کردستان، (نگارنده مسئول) | ||
| 3استادیارگروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور مطالعه روابط شاخص‌های رشد لاین‌های امیدبخش گندم نان با عملکرد آنها دو آزمایش جداگانه در شرایط فاریاب و دیم در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی اسلام آباد غرب در سال زراعی 98-1397 اجرا شد. در هر آزمایش تعداد 9 لاین انتخابی به همراه 2 رقم به عنوان شاهد ارزیابی شدند. شرایط دیم در مقایسه با شرایط فاریاب باعث کاهش عملکرد دانه، عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد کاه، شاخص برداشت و وزن هزاردانه به ترتیب به میزان 5/24، 2/21، 9/18، 2/4 و 4/13 درصد در میانگین لاین‌ها شد. تنش خشکی سبب کاهش مقدار شاخص‌های RGR، NAR،LAR، LWR و SLA به ترتیب به میزان 29، 17، 6، 3 و 6 درصد در مرحله گلدهی گردید. همچنین رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری بین RGR با NAR در تمام مراحل هر دو آزمایش و با عملکرد بیولوژیک، عملکرد کاه و وزن هزار دانه در برخی مراحل مشاهده شد. در آزمایش فاریاب RGR در مرحله گلدهی همبستگی مثبت و معنی‌داری (*640/0r= +) با LWR داشت. از بین اجزا RGR، موًلفه NAR دارای همبستگی منفی و معنی‌داری (*700/0-r= ) در مرحله اول آزمایش فاریاب با LAR داشت. بین اجزاء LAR (یعنی LWR و SLA) با LAR در تمامی مراحل رابطه مثبت و معنی‌دار مشاهده شد و در مراحل اول و سوم نیز، همبستگی شاخص‌های SLA(*608/0r= + و *673/0r= +) و LAR (*663/0r= + و *704/0r= +) با عملکرد دانه در شرایط فاریاب مثبت و معنی‌داربود که در نهایت این دو پارامتر به عنوان شاخص-های مهم رشد و مرتبط با عملکرد دانه شناسایی شدند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش خشکی؛ شاخص های رشد؛ گندم؛ مرحله رشد | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of relationship between growth indices and yield in bread wheat promising lines under Irrigation and Rainfed Conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Khosro Ershadimanesh1؛ Adel Siosemarde2؛ Farzad Hosseinpanahi3 | ||
| 1PhD Student in phisyology, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kordestan University/ Agricultural and natural resources research and education Kermanshah | ||
| 2Faculty of agriculture, university of Kurdistan . (Corresponding author) | ||
| 33. Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Kurdistan. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Title: Evaluation of relationship between growth indices and yield in bread wheat promising lines under Irrigation and Rainfed Conditions Introduction: Wheat, as one of the main constituents in ensuring food security, provides 20% of the total calories and protein of the world's population. In this regard, recognizing and studying physiological growth indices is very important in analyzing the factors that affect yield and its components. This can aid in determining plant growth stages and evaluating and crop production (Soleymani Fard et al., 2011). Although RGR is the main indicator of growth and determines dry matter accumulation and ultimate yield, its components including NAR, LAR, LWR and SLA appear to be better choice under extreme stress than RGR. Material and Methods: This experiment was counducted to study the growth indices and their relationships with the yield of promising bread wheat lines during the 2018-19 cropping year at the Agricultural Research Station of West islamabad, under two separate irrigation and rainfed conditions. The studied genotypes included 9 advanced bread wheat lines along with the two top cultivars, namely, Pishgam and Baharan as a control, which were selected and assessed in a completely randomized block design. Leaf surface was measured using a scanner and ImageJ and Photoshop software packages. The samples were separated into leaves, stems and spikes and their dry weight was calculated after being placed in an oven at 72 °C for 48 hours. Thousand kernel weight was measured by an electronic scale with an accuracy of one thousandth of a gram. Data analysis of variance was performed using SAS software and graphs were also drawn using excel software. Results and Discussion: Based on the test results, the rainfed condition decreased grain yield, biological yield, straw yield, thousand kernel weight and harvest index in all lines by 25%, 21%, 19%, 13% and 4% compared to the irrigation condition, respectively. Based on the positive and significant correlation of grain yield performance under the irrigation conditions against the rainfed conditions (r= +0.782**), high yield potential can be an important factor in selecting drought tolerant cultivars, but this factor alone is not enough and due to its correlation with the growth indices, the latter can be used in this regard. LAR and SLA indices showed a positive and significant correlation with grain yield under the irrigation condition and at the sensitive developmental stages including heading (r=+0.663* and r=+0.608*) and 10 days after anthesis (r=+0.704* and r=+0.673*). Under the rainfed condition, a positive and significant relationship (r=+0.647*) was observed between LAR and grain yield in the last stage of sampling. There was a positive and significant relationship between RGR and NAR, biological yield and straw yield. RGR also showed a positive and significant relation with LWR (r=+0.640*) in the second stage of sampling. Among the components of RGR, NAR was the main and effective factor, which had a negative and non-significant correlation with LAR, so that the lines with higher LAR had lower NAR and therefore lower RGR. There was a positive and significant relationship between LAR components such as LWR and SLA with LAR. In general, among the RGR components (LAR and NAR), it can be said that the LAR index and among the LAR components (LWR and SLA), the SLA index, while having a positive and significant relationship with grain yield at the sensitive developmental stages, are considered as effective factors in grain yield. Consequently, it seems that these two parameters can be identified as important growth indicators related to grain yield. Keywords: Drought stress, Growth indices, Growth stage, Wheat References: Kilic, H., Yagbasanlar, T. 2010. The effect of drought stress on grain yield, yield components and some quality traits of durum wheat (Triticum durum ssp. durum) cultivars. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca Journal, 38 (1):164-170. Soleymanifard, A., S.S. Pourdad, R.Naseri, and A. Mirzaei.2011.Effect of planting pattern on phonological characteristic and growth indices of safflower (carthamus tinctoriu L.) in rainfed conditions. Iranian Journal of crop sciences.13(2):282-298. (In Persion with English Summary) Ghiasabadi, M. Khajeh-Hosseini, and Mohammad Abadi A, .2015 The study of Transplanting Date on Growth Analyses and Forage Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Mashhad Conditions. Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research.12(1):137-145. (In Persion with English Summary). | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Drought stress, Growth indices, Growth stage, Wheat | ||
| مراجع | ||
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