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همخونی و اثر آن بر صفات تولید شیر جمعیت گاوهای هلشتاین ایران | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| دوره 34، شماره 132، آذر 1400، صفحه 181-194 اصل مقاله (1.33 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2021.352349.2115 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| رضا توحیدی* 1؛ مختارعلی عباسی2؛ بهروز محمدنظری2؛ رستم پهلوان2 | ||
| 1گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، خراسان رضوی، تربت جام. | ||
| 2مرکز اصلاح نژاد و بهبود تولیدات دامی کشور، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| اطلاعات شجره 2،394،517 رأس گاو هلشتاین ایران به منظور بررسی روند همخونی و تأثیر همخونی بر صفات تولید شیر، چربی و پروتئین از سال 1365 تا 1398 مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. برای محاسبه ضرایب همخونی از نرمافزار CFC و برای تعیین افت ناشی از همخونی به روش محاسبه ضریب تابعیت صفات تولیدی از ضریب همخونی، از نرمافزار WOMBAT استفاده شد. میانگین ضریب همخونی کل جمعیت و حیوانات همخون به ترتیب 0/777 و 1/681 درصد محاسبه شد. به طور کلی، روند تغییرات همخونی مثبت و برای سالهای اخیر 0/17 درصد در سال بود. هرچند، این روند برای حیوانات همخون 0/29- درصد در سال محاسبه شد ولی، تعداد حیوانات همخون روند افزایشی داشت. بررسی وضعیت اثر همخونی بر صفات تولیدی نشان داد که به ازای 1 درصد افزایش ضریب همخونی مقدار تولید شیر، چربی و پروتئین به ترتیب 11/87، 0/39 و 0/29 کیلوگرم کاهش داشت. استفاده از اسپرمها و گاوهای ماده داخلی سبب محدود شدن جمعیت و افزایش آمیزشهای خویشاوندی شده است؛ هرچند، آمیزشهای نزدیک کنترل میشوند. وجود اثر منفی همخونی بر صفات تولیدی و از طرف دیگر افزایش تعداد حیوانات همخون نشان میدهد که استراتژیهای پرورشی و جفتگیری حیوانات نیاز به بررسی مداوم دارند و در صورت لزوم میتوان با استفاده از ورود اسپرمهای خارجی مانع از افزایش آمیزشهای خویشاوندی در آینده شد. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| روند همخونی؛ افت ناشی از همخونی؛ تولید شیر؛ هلشتاین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Inbreeding and its effect on milk production traits of Iranian Holstein cattle | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Reza Tohidi1؛ Mokhtar Ali ABBASI2؛ Behrouz Mahammad Nazari2؛ Rostam Pahlavan2 | ||
| 1Dept. of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Torbate-jam | ||
| 2Animal Breeding Center of Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the rates of inbreeding trend and also the effect of inbreeding on milk, fat and protein yields, the pedigree data of 2,394,517 Iranian Holstein cattle from 1986 to 2019 which collected was used. CFC software was utilized to calculate the inbreeding coefficients, and WOMBAT program was applied to estimate the inbreeding depression by determining regression coefficient of production traits on inbreeding coefficient. The average of inbreeding coefficients in the whole population and inbred animals were estimated as 0.777 and 1.681 percent, respectively. In general, the rate of inbreeding trend was positive and for recent years it was 0.17 percent per year. However, this rate was estimated as -0.29 percent per year for inbred animals, the number of inbred animals was increasing. Examination of the effect of inbreeding on production traits showed that per 1 percent increase in inbreeding coefficient resulted in 11.87, 0.39 and 0.29 kg decrease in milk, fat and protein yields, respectively. The use of domestic sperms and cows has limited the population and increased relative mating. However, close relative mating has been controlled. The existence of negative effect of inbreeding on production traits and on the other hand, increasing the number of inbred animals indicates that breeding and mating strategies of animals need to be continuously reviewed, and if it is necessary close relative mating can be limited using imported sperms. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Inbreeding trend, Inbreeding depression, Milk production, Holstein | ||
| مراجع | ||
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