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اثرات گیاه سوزی باقیمانده علفکش تریاسولفورون+دایکمبا (لینتور WG70%) بر چند گیاه زراعی در تناوب با گندم | ||
| دانش علفهای هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 17، شماره 2، مهر 1400، صفحه 149-163 اصل مقاله (1.04 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijws.2021.351372.1375 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمد حسن هادیزاده* 1؛ حسین ثابت زنگنه2؛ محمد فریدون پور3؛ عبدالعزیز حقیقی4؛ فرخ الدین قزلی3 | ||
| 1استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی-مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، مشهد | ||
| 2مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی-مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی اهواز | ||
| 3مربی پژوهش و استادیار پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی شیراز | ||
| 4مربی پژوهش، بخش تحقیقات گیاهپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایستگاه گنبدکاووس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| یکی از اثرات منفی علفکشهای دارای پسماند، گیاهسوزی آنها بر گیاهان حساس در تناوب است. این پژوهش در مزارع پژوهشی مراکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، خوزستان ، فارس و گلستان طی سال های 1395-1397 به اجرا در آمد. گیاهان تناوب، بلافاصله پس از برداشت گندم یا در پاییز کشت شدند. تناوب ها از میان گیاهان زراعی تابستانه ذرت، پنبه، ماش، کنجد و سویا و پاییزه چغندرقند پاییزه، کلزا، شبدر، گندم، جو، باقلا و نخودفرنگی انتخاب شدند. نتایج آزمون تی-استیودنت حاکی از اثر بازدارندگی معنیدار بقایای تریاسولوفورون+دایکمبا (لینتور WG70%) بر وزن خشک ریشه و ساقه و عملکرد (6/14 تا 63 درصد کاهش) ذرت در مشهد، اهواز و داراب بود و خسارت به عملکرد ماش در اهواز و گنبد (6/5 تا 29درصد کاهش) معنیدار شد. عملکرد کنجد در اهواز 46 درصد و عملکرد سویا و نخودفرنگی در گنبد بهترتیب 12 و 16 درصد کاهش معنیدار داشتند. عملکرد کلزا فقط در اهواز (31 درصد) آسیب دید، ولی در مشهد، داراب و گنبد خسارت علفکش معنیدار نبود. کاهش عملکرد چغندرقند پاییزه در اهواز،46 درصد و در گنبد، پنج درصد بود. فاصله کاربرد علفکش تا سبز شدن گیاهان تابستانه، 146-90 روز و برای گیاهان پاییزه 311-222 روز بسته به منطقه و گیاه تناوبی بود. پنبه، شبدر، گندم، جو و باقلا، خسارت معنیداری از بقایای علفکش تریاسولوفورون+دایکمبا ندیدند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| زیست سنجی؛ ساقه؛ ریشه؛ نشانگان ظاهری خسارت؛ وزن خشک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Phytotoxic residue effects of triasulfuron+dicamba (Lintur 70 WG) on some rotational crops after wheat | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Mohammad Hassan Hadizadeh1؛ Hossein Sabet Zangeneh2؛ Mohammad Fereidoonpour3؛ Abdolaziz Haghighi4؛ Farrokhdin Ghezeli3 | ||
| 1Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Research Resource and Education Center of Khorasan-Razavi, AREEO, Mashhad, Iran | ||
| 2Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Research Resource and Education Center of Khoozestan, AREEO, Ahwaz, Iran | ||
| 3Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Research Resource and Education Center of Fars, AREEO, Iran | ||
| 4Plant Protection Research Department, Agricultural and Natural Research Resource and Education Center of Golestan, AREEO, Gonbad-Kavous, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| One of the negative effects of herbicide residuals is their phytotoxicity on subsequent susceptible crops in rotation. In order to study the phytotoxic residue effects of triasulfuron +dicamba (Lintur® WG70%) on 12 rotational crops, four experiments were carried out at field research stations of Khorasan razavi (Mashhad), Khuzestan (Ahwaz), Fars (Darab) and Golestan (Gonbad-Kavous) provinces in Iran. Rotational crops were planted in sprayed plots (with 170 g Lintur®) or in control plots (without spraying) immediately after wheat harvesting (as second crop) or in autumn. The rotational plants were selected from the summer crops including maize, cotton, mung bean, sesame and soybean, and fall crops including sugar beet, canola, clover, wheat, barley, faba bean and green pea. Results of t-student test showed the significant negative effect of triacsulfuron+dicambba residues on maize at Mashhad, Ahwaz and Darab in terms of root and shoot dry weight and yield (14.6 to 63% yield reduction). Damage to mung bean was significant in Ahwaz and Gonbad (5.6% -29% yield loss). Sesame yield in Ahwaz decreased 46% and soybean and green pea yields in Gonbad decreased by 12% and 16%, respectively. Rapeseed yield was damaged only in Ahwaz (31%) but in Mashhad, Darab and Gonbad the herbicide damage was not significant. Autumn planted sugar beet was significantly damaged in Ahwaz (46% yield) and in Gonbad (5%). The interval between herbicide application and emergence of summer crops was 90-146 days and for autumn crops was 222-311 days, depending on the rotational plants and experimental regions. Herbicide residue of triasulfuron + dicamba did not have significant damage on cotton, clover, wheat, barley and faba beans in related experiments. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Bioassay, length, root, shoot, visual damage symptoms, weight | ||
| مراجع | ||
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