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اثرات تاریخ کاشت، پاکلوبوترازول و کود نیتروژن بر درصد ساقهروی و سایر صفات کمی و کیفی سه رقم چغندرقند پاییزه | ||
| چغندرقند | ||
| مقاله 5، دوره 36، شماره 2، مهر 1399، صفحه 155-169 اصل مقاله (1.22 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jsb.2021.352233.1254 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سمیرا افراخته1؛ داوود حبیبی* 2؛ مهدی صادقی شعاع3؛ فرزاد پاکنژاد4؛ منصور سراجوقی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه بذر چغندرقند، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| 4استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی، گروه زراعت، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| با توجه به جایگاه آب در بخش کشاورزی و اهمیت توسعه سطح زیرکشت چغندرقند پاییزه، این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی اثر تیمارهای محدودیت رشد، تاریخ کاشت و رقم بر میزان ساقهروی و سایر صفات کمی و کیفی چغندرقند پاییزه در منطقه کرج طی دو سال زراعی 1397 و 1398 طراحی گردید. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا گردید. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی عبارتاند از فاکتور اول تاریخ کاشت با دو سطح (اول مهر و اول آبان‌ماه)، فاکتور دوم محدودیت رشد با چهار سطح شاهد (بدون محدودیت)، مصرف پاکلوبوترازول (300 پی‌پی‌ام)، محدودیت مصرف کود نیتروژن (50 درصد میزان توصیه‌شده) و مصرف پاکلوبوترازول + محدودیت کود نیتروژن و فاکتور سوم ژنوتیپ با سه سطح رقم گیادا، یودورو و یک ژنوتیپ ایرانی مقاوم به ساقهروی بود. فاکتورهای تاریخ کاشت و محدودیت رشد در کرتهای اصلی و فاکتور ژنوتیپ در کرتهای فرعی قرار گرفت. صفات مورد بررسی شامل درصد ساقهروی، عملکرد ریشه، عیار قند، قند ملاس و عملکرد شکر سفید بود. نتایج نشان داد اثر سال برای صفت درصد ساقهروی معنیدار بود. کم‌ترین درصد ساقهروی به مقدار 0/50 درصد مربوط به اجرای سال دوم آزمایش با رقم یودورو کاشته شده در اول آبان ماه بود. رقم یودورو کاشته شده در اول مهرماه و تیمارشده با پاکلوبوترازول (300 پی‌پی‌ام) بیشترین عملکرد ریشه را با میانگین 79/91 تن در هکتار داشت. ارقام گیادا و یودورو کاشته شده در اول مهرماه به ترتیب با میانگین 8/15 و 8/62 تن در هکتار بیشترین عملکرد شکرسفید را داشته و اختلاف معنیداری بین آنها وجود نداشت. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنظیم‌کننده‌های رشد؛ چغندرقند؛ کشت پاییزه؛ گلدهی؛ عملکرد ریشه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of planting date, paclobutrazol, and nitrogen fertilizer on bolting percentage and some quantitative and qualitative traits of three autumn sugar beet cultivars | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Samira Afrakhte1؛ Davood Habibi2؛ Mehdi Sadeghi-shoae3؛ Farzad Paknejad4؛ Mansour Sarajoughi4 | ||
| 1PhD student of Department of Agronomy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant professor of Sugar Beet Seed Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. | ||
| 4Assistant professor of Department of Agronomy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Considering the importance of water in agriculture as well as extending autumn-sown sugar beet cultivation area, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of growth restriction treatments, planting date and cultivar on bolting and other quantitative and qualitative traits of autumn-sown sugar beet in Karaj, Iran during two years (2018-19). The experiment was performed as a factorial split plot in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Studied factors included two planting date (22nd September and 22nd October) as the first factor, the growth restriction with four levels including control (without limit), paclobutrazol (300 pp M), Nitrogen fertilizer restriction (50% of the recommended amount), Paclobutrazole + Nitrogen fertilizer restriction as the second factor, and three cultivars including Giada, Eudoro, and one Iranian genotype resistant to bolting as the third factor. Planting date and growth restriction factors were included in main plots and genotype factor in subplots. The studied traits included bolting percentage, root yield, sugar content, molasses sugar, and white sugar yield. Results showed that the effect of the year on bolting percentage was significant. The lowest bolting percentage (50%) was obtained by Eudoro cultivar on the second year of study planted on 22nd October. The highest root yield (79.91 tha-1) was related to the Eudoro cultivar, planted on 22nd September and treated with paclobutrazol (300 ppm). Giada and Eudoro cultivars planted on the 22nd September had the highest white sugar yield of 8.15 and 8.62 t ha-1, respectively with no significant difference between. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Autumn Planting, Flowering, Growth Regulator, Root Yield, Sugar Beet | ||
| مراجع | ||
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