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بررسی صفات فیزیولوژیک، درصد و اجزای اسانس دو زیرگونه مرزنجوش (Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile و O. vulgare subsp. hirtum) تحت تنش شوری | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 3، دوره 37، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 108، مهر و آبان 1400، صفحه 563-583 اصل مقاله (1.45 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2021.352906.2917 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا ابراهیمی1؛ محمدرضا مرشدلو* 2؛ محمد باقر حسن پور اقدم3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گیاهان دارویی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه مراغه، مراغه، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به‌منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف شوری بر محتوای اسانس و برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی دو زیر گونه مرزنجوش بخارایی (Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile (K.Koch) letsw.) و یونانی (O. vulgare subsp. hirtum (Link) letsw.) آزمایشی گلخانه‌ای به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 4 تیمار و3 تکرار اجرا شد. تیمار تنش شوری با استفاده از کلرید سدیم در محلول غذایی هوگلند و در چهار سطح شاهد (بدون تنش)، و تنش‌های ملایم (شوری 30 میلی‌مولار)، متوسط (شوری 60 میلی‌مولار) و شدید (شوری 90 میلی‌مولار) اعمال گردید. براساس نتایج، تحت تنش شوری شاخص‌های رشدی، کاروتنوئید کل و شاخص کلروفیل کاهش یافتند، اما فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی و غلظت مالون‌دی‌آلدئید و پراکسید هیدروژن در هر دو زیرگونه افزایش پیدا کردند. وزن تر و خشک، کاروتنوئید، پراکسید‌هیدروژن و فعالیت آنزیم گایاکول‌پراکسیداز در مرزنجوش یونانی بیشتر از زیر گونه بخارایی بدست آمد. درصد و اجزای اسانس نیز تحت‌تأثیر شوری قرار گرفتند. با افزایش شوری، درصد اسانس نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت و بیشترین مقدار آن (0.8%) در تنش ملایم بدست آمد. 35 ترکیب از دو زیرگونه مرزنجوش شناسایی شد. کارواکرول (72-30%: کارواکرول زیرگونه یونانی بیشتر از بخارایی)، گاما-ترپینن، کارواکرول متیل‌اتر و پارا-سیمن ترکیب‌های غالب هر دو زیرگونه بودند. نتایج این پژوهش برتری مرزنجوش یونانی نسبت به بخارایی را از لحاظ تحمل به تنش شوری و همچنین عملکرد کمّی و کیفی نشان داد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تنش غیرزیستی؛ رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ شاخص مورفولوژیکی؛ شاخص فیزیولوژیکی؛ کارواکرول | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study on physiological traits, percentage and essential oil components of two oregano subspecies (Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile (K.Koch) letsw. and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum (Link) letsw.) under salinity stress | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Z. Ebrahimi1؛ M.R. Morshedloo2؛ M.B. Hassanpour Aghdam3 | ||
| 1M.Sc student, Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 2Department of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Iran | ||
| 3Maragheh of Horticulture Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To investigate the effects of different salinity levels on the essential oil content, and some morphological and physiological characteristics of two oregano subspecies (Origanum vulgare subsp. gracile (K.Koch) letsw. and O. vulgare subsp. hirtum (Link) letsw.), a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications. The salinity stress treatment was applied using sodium chloride in Hoagland nutrient solution at four levels of control (no stress), and mild (salinity 30 mM), moderate (salinity 60 mM), and severe (salinity 90 mM) stresses. According to the results, under salinity stress the growth indices, total carotenoids, and chlorophyll index decreased, but the activity of antioxidant enzymes and concentration of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide increased in both subspecies. The wet and dry weight, carotenoids, hydrogen peroxide, and guaiacol peroxidase activity were obtained higher in subsp. hirtum than subsp. gracile. The percentage and essential oil composition were also affected by salinity. With increasing the salinity levels, the essential oil percentage was significantly increased compared to the control and its highest amount (0.8%) was observed under mild stress. Thirty five compounds were identified in both oregano subspecies essential oil. Carvacrol (30-72%: subsp. hirtum crarvacrol more than the other subsp.), γ-terpinene, carvacrol methyl ether, and p-cymene were the main components of both subspecies. The results of this study demonstrated the superiority of subsp. hirtum to the other oregano subspecies in terms of the tolerance to salinity stress and also quantitative and qualitative yields. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Abiotic stress, photosynthetic pigments, morpho-physiological traits, carvacrol | ||
| مراجع | ||
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