| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 36,058 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,188,189 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 94,186,615 |
تأثیر امواج فراصوت، سرمادهی و خراش‌دهی مکانیکی بر شکستن خفتگی بذر و شاخص‌‌‌‌‌های جوانه زنی گونه های تاتوره (Datura stramonium) و پیچک صحرایی (Convolvulus arvensis) | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 22، تیر 1400، صفحه 127-139 اصل مقاله (775.55 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijsst.2020.128548.1312 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| هاجر غفوری1؛ اسحاق کشتکار* 2؛ مجید آقاعلیخانی1؛ علیرضا مهدویان3 | ||
| 1گروه زراعت دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| 2زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران | ||
| 3گروه مکانیک بیوسیستم دانشگاه تربیت مدرس | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر امواج فراصوت بر شکستن خفتگی بذر گونه‌های تاتوره و پیچک صحرایی در شرایط کنترل شده دو آزمایش جداگانه به‌صورت طرح کاملاً تصادفی با چهار تکرار انجام شد. امواج فراصوت در پنج توان (صفر، 80، 150، 250 و 350 وات) در دو زمان چهار و هشت دقیقه با فرکانس ثابت 20 کیلوهرتز بکار برده شد. دمای سیال آب در حین اعمال فراصوت 25 درجه سانتی‌گراد ثابت بود. علاوه بر امواج فراصوت، تیمارهای رایج شکستن خفتگی شامل سرمادهی (طبیعی، مرطوب و خشک) برای تاتوره و خراش-دهی مکانیکی برای پیچک صحرایی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد، بیشینه جوانه‌زنی تجمعی(Gmax) در هر دو گونه علف‌هرز تحت تاثیر تیمارهای فراصوت کاهش پیدا کرد. این تیمار همچنین زمان رسیدن به 50 درصد بیشینه جوانه‌زنی (G50) در گونه تاتوره را افزایش داد. تأثیر تیمارهای فراصوت بر G50 پیچک صحرایی به میزان توان فراصوت وابسته بود، به طوری که فقط توان‌های بالا کاهش G50 را به دنبال داشتند. در مجموع امواج فراصوت روش مناسبی برای شکستن خفتگی بذر گونه‌های تاتوره و پیچک صحرایی نبود، در حالی که سرمادهی طبیعی و خراش‌دهی مکانیکی به‌عنوان بهترین تیمارها، Gmax تاتوره و پیچک صحرایی در مقایسه با شاهد را به ترتیب 49 و 38 درصد افزایش دادند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بیشینه جوانه‌زنی تجمعی (Gmax)؛ زمان تا رسیدن به 50 درصد بیشینه جوانه‌زنی (G50)؛ توان‌های فراصوت؛ تاتوره؛ پیچک صحرایی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of ultrasound waves, chilling and mechanical abrasion on dormancy-breaking and germination characteristics of Datura stramonium and Convolvulus arvensis | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hajar Ghafoori1؛ Eshagh Keshtkar2؛ Majid Aghaalikhani1؛ Alireza Mahdavian3 | ||
| 1Department of Agronomy Tarbiat Modares University | ||
| 2Department of Agronomy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Biosystem Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The phenomenon of seed dormancy in weeds not only lead to management difficulties over time but also can disrupt the biological, morphological and ecological studies carried out on these species. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ultrasound on seed dormancy breaking of Datura stramonium and Convolvulus arvensis in laboratory conditions. Two separate experiments were conducted as a completely randomized design with four replications for each species. The ultrasonic waves were applied at five powers including 0, 80, 150, 250 and 350 watts for four and eight minutes, where the applied ultrasonic frequency was 20 kHz and the temperature of water was remained constant at 25°C. In addition to the ultrasound treatments, the common dormancy-breaking treatments including chilling (natural chilling, moist chilling and dry chilling) and mechanical scarification were applied on D. stramonium and C. arvensis, respectively. All sonication treatments decreased accumulated maximum germination (Gmax) of both weed species. Also, the ultrasound treatments increased time to 50% of maximum germination (G50) of D. stramonium. The ultrasonic effect on G50 of C. arvensis was depended on ultrasonic power, where at low ultrasound powers the G50 of D. stramonium was similar to untreated seeds, while it was decreased at high ultrasound powers. Accordingly, ultrasound was not a suitable method to break seed dormancy of D. stramonium and C. arvensis. As the best treatments, the natural chilling and mechanical scarification increased Gmax of D. stramonium and C. arvensis up to 49% and 38%, respectively. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Jimsonweed, field bindweed, accumulated maximum germination (Gmax), time to 50% maximum germination (G50), ultrasound powers | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Aladjadjiyan, A. 2011. Ultrasonic stimulation of the development of lentils and wheat seedlings. Rom. J. Biophys. 21: 179-188. Alinaghizadeh, M., M. Khajehhosseini, S.A. Hosseini, and M.H. Rashed Mohasel. 2016. Study of germination and seed dormancy in Chenopodium album, (Convolvulus arvensis) and (Setaria viridis) in Rafsanjan pistachio gardens. Iran. J. Seed Res. 3: 71-88. Buhler, D.D., and M.L. Hoffman. 1999. Andersen's guide to practical methods of propagating weeds & other plants. Weed Sci. Soc. Am, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. Chancellor, R. 1982. Dormancy in weed seeds. Outlook Agric. 11: 87-93. Chowdhury, M., H. Lim, and H. Bae. 2014. Update on the Effects of Sound Wave on Plants. Res. Plant Dis. 20: 1-7. Da Silva, J.A.T., and J. Dobránszki. 2014. Sonication and ultrasound: impact on plant growth and development. Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. 117: 131-143. De Mendiburu, F. 2014. agricolae: Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research. R package version 1.2-1. [Online] Available at http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=agricolae. Deng, F. 2005. Effects of glyphosate, chlorsulfuron, and methyl jasmonate on growth and alkaloid biosynthesis of jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.). Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 82: 16-26. Fateh, E., H. Noroozi, M. Farbod, and F. Gerami. 2012. Assessment of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed germination characteristics as influenced by ultrasonic waves and magnetic water. Eur. J. Exp. Biol. 2: 662-666. Goussous, S., N. Samarah, A. Alqudah, and M. Othman. 2010. Enhancing seed germination of four crop species using an ultrasonic technique. Exp. Agric. 46: 231-242. Hejazirad, Z. 2016. The study of ultrasound waves pretreatment and electromagnetic on germination of Foeniculum vulgare under conditions of osmotic and salinity stress. Masters degree in Agroecology, Shahed University. (In Persian, with English Abstract) Holm, L.G. 1997. World Weeds: Natural Histories and Distribution, John Wiley & Sons, New York, USA. JayasuriyA.K.G., J.M. Baskin, and C.C. Baskin. 2008. Dormancy, germination requirements and storage behaviour of seeds of Convolvulaceae (Solanales) and evolutionary considerations. Seed Sci. Res. 18: 223-237. Keshtkar, E., S.K.Mathiassen, M. Aghaalikhani, and P. Kudsk. 2020. Differences in growth, development and innate seed dormancy of susceptible and fenoxaprop-P non-target site resistant black-grass sub-populations. Crop Prot. 129: 105022. Loddo, D., E. Sousa, R. Masin, I. Calha, G. Zanin, C. Fernández‐Quintanilla, and J. Dorado. 2014. Germination response of local Southern European populations of Datura stramonium at a range of constant temperatures. Weed Res. 54: 356-365. Machikowa, T., T. Kulrattanarak, and S. Wonprasaid. 2013. Effects of ultrasonic treatment on germination of synthetic sunflower seeds. Int. J. Agric. Biosyst. Eng. 7(1): 1-3. Mahmoodzadeh, A., M. Nojavan, and Z. Bagheri. 2005. The effect of different treatments on breaking dormancy and germination of seeds (Datura stramonium L.). Iran. J. Biol. 18: 341-349. Karimmojeni, H., H. Rahimian-Mashhadi, H. Alizadeh, E. Keshtkar, Z. Yaghobi-Ashrafi, and V. Raufirad. 2009. Effect of Environmental Factors and Plant Growth Regulators on breaking dormancy and Stimulation of Germination of Datura stramonium Seeds. J. Iran. Crop Sci. 40: 71-79. Marshall, E.J.P. 2019. Reflections on 14 years as Editor-in-Chief. Weed Res. 59: 1-4. Mazhari, M., M.R. Tadayon, and A. Tadayon. 2015. Effect of chilling, temperature and light treatments on germination of some weed species. J. Weed Ecol. 3: 23-29. Miano, A.C., J. Da Costa Pereira, N. Castanha, M.D. Da Matta Júnior, and P.E.D. Augusto. 2016. Enhancing mung bean hydration using the ultrasound technology: description of mechanisms and impact on its germination and main components. Sci. Rep. 6: 38996. Nazari, M., A. Sharififar, and H.R. Asghari. 2014. Medicago scutellata seed dormancy breaking by ultrasonic waves. Plant Breed. Seed Sci. 69: 15-24. R Core Team. 2018. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. Ritz, C., F. Baty, J.C. Streibig, and D. Gerhard. 2015. Dose-Response Analysis Using R. PLoS One. 10: e0146021. Ritz, C., C.B. Pipper, and J.C. Streibig. 2013. Analysis of germination data from agricultural experiments. Eur. J. Agron. 45: 1-6. Schütz, W., and G. Rave. 1999. The effect of cold stratification and light on the seed germination of temperate sedges (Carex) from various habitats and implications for regenerative strategies. Plant Ecol. 144: 215-230. Sharififar, A., M. Nazari, and H.R. Asghari. 2015. Effect of ultrasonic waves on seed germination of Atriplex lentiformis, Cuminum cyminum, and Zygophyllum eurypterum. J. Appl. Res. Med. Aromat. Plants. 2: 102-104. Tigabu, M. and P. Oden. 2001. Effect of scarification, gibberellic acid and temperature on seed germination of two multipurpose Albizia species from Ethiopia. Seed Sci. Technol. 29: 11-20. Weaver, S.E., and W.R. Riley. 1982. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 53. Convolvulus arvensis L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 62: 461-472. Weinberger, P., and C. Burton. 1981. The effect of sonication on the growth of some tree seeds. Can. J. For. Res. 11: 840-844. Xiujuan, W., W. Bochu, J. Yi, D. Chuanren, and A. Sakanishi. 2003a. Effect of sound wave on the synthesis of nucleic acid and protein in chrysanthemum. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces. 29: 99-102. Xiujuan, W., W. Bochu, J. Yi, D. Liu, D. Chuanren, Y. Xiaocheng, and A. Sakanishi. 2003b. Effects of sound stimulation on protective enzyme activities and peroxidase isoenzymes of chrysanthemum. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces. 27: 59-63. Yaldagard, M., S.A. Mortazavi, and F. Tabatabaie. 2008. Application of ultrasonic waves as a priming technique for accelerating and enhancing the germination of barley seed: Optimization of method by the Taguchi approach. J. Inst. Brew. 114:14-21. Yamauchi, Y., M. Ogawa, A. Kuwahara, A. Hanada, Y. Kamiya, and S. Yamaguchi. 2004. Activation of gibberellin biosynthesis and response pathways by low temperature during imbibition of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. Plant Cell. 16: 367-378. Zeidali, E., R. Ghorbani, A. Koochaki, N. Azadbakht, V. Jahanbakhsh, and H. Aghel. 2010. Investigation on the possibility of biological control of Convolvulus arvensis weed by plant antagonistic fungi. J. Plant Prot. 24(1): 8-15. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 661 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 552 |
||