| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,251 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,918 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,605,340 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,707,363 |
بررسی ماندگاری و سمیت چند حشره کش روی بوته های پنبه به منظور حفاظت از زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. | ||
| پژوهش های پنبه ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 15، اسفند 1399، صفحه 107-126 اصل مقاله (355.14 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijcr.2021.342673.1149 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عاطفه نکونام1؛ علی افشاری* 2؛ احمد ندیمی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی‌ارشد حشرهشناسی کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار حشرهشناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار حشرهشناسی کشاورزی، گروه گیاهپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این پژوهش، ماندگاری چهار حشره‌کش تیودیکارب، ایندوکساکارب، لوفنورون و پروکلیم‌فیت روی بوته‌های پنبه و سمیت آنها بر زنبور پارازیتویید Trichogramma brassicae بررسی شد. پس از کاشت بوته‌های پنبه در شرایط گلخانه و سمپاشی آنها با غلظت توصیه شده حشره‌کشها، برگ‌های پنبه به فواصل زمانی یکروز از بوته‌های سمپاشی شده جدا و همراه با پارازیتویید و تخم میزبان (بید غلات)، درون ظروف پرورش قرار گرفتند. اثرات کشنده و زیرکشنده (کاهش طول عمر و قدرت پارازیتیسم) حشره‌کشها روی پارازیتویید به طور روزانه ثبت و سمیت و ماندگاری آنها بر اساس استاندارد سازمان بین‌المللی کنترل بیولوژیک (IOBC) رتبه‌بندی شد. نتایج نشان داد که تیودیکارب در مقایسه با حشرهکشهای دیگر از سمیت بیش‌تر (حدوداً صد درصد تلفات) و ماندگاری طولانی‌تری (حداقل 17 روز) برخوردار بود و به عنوان یک حشره‌کش "مضر" و "نسبتاً پایدار" معرفی شد. ایندوکساکارب نیز با حداکثر 8/52 درصد تلفات و 8/62 درصد کاهش پارازیتیسم، در گروه حشرهکشهای "مضر" و با 7 روز ماندگاری در گروه حشرهکشهای "کم‌دوام" طبقه‌بندی گردید. پروکلیم فیت با حداکثر 3/37 درصد تلفات، 4/47 درصد کاهش قدرت پارازیتیسم و 6 روز ماندگاری، در گروه حشرهکشهای "نسبتاً مضر" و "کم‌دوام" قرار گرفت. لوفنورون با حداکثر 68/2 درصد تلفات، 69/60 درصد کاهش پارازیتیسم و 3 روز ماندگاری در گروه حشرهکشهای "کم‌ضرر" تا "نسبتاً مضر" و "ناپایدار" طبقه‌بندی گردید. به منظور حفاظت از زنبور T. brassicae در مزارع پنبه، توصیه می‌شود تیودیکارب از فهرست حشرهکشهای مصرفی علیه کرم غوزه حذف و بین رهاسازی این پارازیتویید در مزارع پنبه و سمپاشی با ایندوکساکارب، پروکلیم‌فیت و لوفنورون به‌ترتیب، حداقل فاصله‌های زمانی 7، 6 و 3 روز به عنوان دوره انتظار رعایت شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| اثرات جانبی؛ آفت‌کش؛ سازمان بین‌المللی کنترل بیولوژیک | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Persistency and Toxicity of some insecticides on cotton plants to conserve parasitoid wasp,Trichogramma brassicae Bezd. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Atefeh Nekonam1؛ Ali Afshari2؛ Ahmad Nadimi3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. student of Agricultural Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| 2Associate Professor of Entomology Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran (Afshari@gau.ac.ir) | ||
| 3Assistant Professor of Entomology, Department of Plant Protection, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was carried out to investigate persistency of four insecticides (thiodicarb, indoxacarb, proclaim fit and lufenuron) on cotton plants and their toxicity against Trichogramma brassicae .Cotton seeds were sown under greenhouse condition and cotton plants were sprayed with insecticides . Cotton leaves were removed at one-day intervals and were kept in a rearing container with female parasitoids and host eggs. Mortality and sublethal effects of insecticides were recorded every day and their toxicity and persistency were categorized according to the International Organization of Biological Control standard. Results showed that toxicity (with up to 100% mortality) and persistency (>17 days) of thiodicarb was higher than other insecticides and was categorized as a “harmful” and at least a “moderately persistent insecticide. Indoxacarb with up to 52.8% mortality, 62.8% reduction in parasitism and 7 days persistency, was classified as a ”harmful” and “slightly persistent” insecticide. Proclaim fit with up to 37.3% mortality, 47.4% reduction in parasitism and 6 days persistency, was classified as a “moderately harmful” (Group 3) and slightly persistent insecticide. Lufenuron with up to 2.68% mortality, 60.69% reduction in parasitism and 3 days persisitency, was classified as a “slightly harmful” (Group 2) to ”moderately harmful” and short-lived (group 1) insecticide. In conclusion, because of high toxicity and long-term persistency, thiodicarb is not recommended to use in cotton field against cotton bollworm, and a 7, 6 and 3 days “waiting period” was required, respectively between spraying with indoxacarb, proclaim Fit and lufenuron and mass releasing of T. brassicae in cotton fields. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Side-effects, pesticides, IOBC | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
1.Abbott, W.S. 1925. A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. Journal of Economic Entomology, 18:265-267. 2.Afshari, A., Gorzoddin, M. and Mottaki, I. 2014. Side-effects of indoxacarb and lufenuron on Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under laboratory conditions. Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences), 37(3): 61-79 (in Persian with English abstract). 3.Afshari, A., Hamzepour Chenari, E., Iraji, A. and Asghari Larimi, M. 2018. Lethal and sublethal effects of thiodicarb and hexaflumuron on egg parasitoid, Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko under laboratory conditions Plant Protection (Scientific Journal of Agricultural Sciences), 41(1): 75-89 (in Persian with English abstract). 4.Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A. and Ali, A. 2009. Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39:159-167. 5.Baehaki, S.E., Surahmat, E.C., Susetyo, A. and Senn, R. 2017. Toxicity and persistence of insecticides to rove beetle Paederus fuscipes and wolf spider Lycosa pseudoannulata using semi field method. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 4(9): 331-337. 6. Bastos, C.S., Almeida, R.P. and Suinaga, F.A. 2006. Selectivity of pesticides used on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) to Trichogramma pretiosum reared on two laboratory-reared hosts. Pest Management Science, 62: 91-98. 7.Bengochea, P., Medina, P., Amor, F., Canovas, M., Vega, P., Correia, R., Garcia, F., Gomez, M., Budia, F., Vinuela, E. and Lopez, J.A. 2012. The effect of emamectin benzoate on two parasitoids, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), used in pepper greenhouses. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 10(3): 806-814. 8.Bisht, S., Chauhan, R., Kumari, B. and Singh, R. 2015. Fate of thiodicarb and its metabolite methomyl in sandy loam soil under laboratory conditions. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 187: 429 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4640-1. 9.Brevault, T., Oumarou, Y., Achaleke, J., Vaissayre, M. and Nibouche, S. 2009. Initial activity and persistence of insecticides for the control of bollworms (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in cotton crops. Crop Protection, 28. 401-406. 10.Cherry, A., Cock, M., van den Berg, H. and Kfir, R. 2003. Biological control of Helicoverpa armigera in Africa, in: Neuenschwander, P., Borgemeister, C., Langewald, J. (Eds.), Biological control in IPM systems in Africa. CABI Publishing, Wallingford, pp. 329-346. 11.Chopra, I., Chauhan, R. and Kumari, B. 2013. Dissipation and persistence of thiodicarb in cotton. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, 1(2): 28-31. 12.Consoli, F.L., Parra, J.R.P. and Hassan, S.A. 1998. Side-effects of insecticides used in tomato fields on the egg parasitoid Trichogramma pretiosum Riley (Hym., Trichogrammatidae), a natural enemy of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep., Gelechiidae). Journal of Applied Entomology, 122: 43-47. 13.Dake, R.B., Bhamare, V.K. and Mhaske, S.H. 2017. Bio-Efficacy, persistence and residual toxicity insecticides against head borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) of sunflower. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Sciences, 6(2): 64-70. 14.Davies, A.P., Carr, C.M., Scholz, B.C.G. and Zalucki, M.P. 2011. Using Trichogramma Westwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) for insect pest biological control in cotton crops: an Australian perspective. Australian Journal of Entomology, 50: 424-440. 15.Deguine J.P., Ferron, P. and Russell, D. 2008. Sustainable pest management for cotton production. A review. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 28(1): 113-137. 16.Dhawan, A., Saini, S., Singh, K. and Aneja, A. 2009. Persistence and residual toxicity of some insecticides against Phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton (Gossypium spp). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 79: 203-206. 17.Ebrahimi, D., Pintureau, B. and Shojai, M. 1998. Morphological and enzymatic study of the genus Trichogramma (Hym. Trichogrammatidae) in Iran. Journal of Applied Entomology and Phytopathology, 66: 122-141. 18.El-Sheikh, S.A. and Aamir, M.M. 2011. Comparative effectiveness and field persistence of insect growth regulators on a field strain of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis, Boisd (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Crop Protection, 30: 645-650. 19.EPPO. 2003. Diagnostic protocols for regulated pests: Helicoverpa armigera: Bulletin OEPP/EPPO Bulletin, 33: 245-247. 20.Gadhiya, H.A., Borad, P.K. and Bhut, J.B. 2014. Effectiveness of synthetic insecticides against Helicoverpa armigera (Hunber) and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) infesting Groundnut. The Bioscan, 9(1): 23-26. 21.Ghazzagh, M., Afshari, A. and Mottaki, I. 2015. Side-effects of ProClaim Fit on parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). First International Congress on the Development of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, 7 December, 2015, University of Lodz, Poland (in Persian with English abstract). 22.Hassan, S.A., Bigler, F., Bogenschütz, H., Boller, E., Brun, J., Calis, J.N.M., Chiverton, P., Coremans-Pelseneer, J., Duso, C., Lewis, G.B., Mansour, F., Moreth, L., Oomen, P.A., Overmeer, L. Polgar, W.P.J., Rieckmann, W., Samsoe-Petersen, L., Stäubli, A., Sterk, G., Tavares, K.,Tuset, J.J. and Viggiani, G. 1991. Results of the fifth joint pesticide testing programm carried out by the IOBC/WPRS-working group “pesticides and beneficial organisms”. Entomophaga,36: 55-67. 23.Heravi, P., Azad, Gh., Dabidi, H. and Mazandarani, A. 2013. Evaluation of recommended insecticides efficiency in cotton bollworm control. Cotton Research institute, final report, Project Num. 2-07-07-91114 (in Persian with English abstract). 24.Hewa-Kapuge, S., Dougall, S.M. and Hoffmann, A. 2003. Effects of methoxyfenozide, indoxacarb, and other insecticides on the beneficial egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under laboratory and field conditions. Journal of Economic Entomology, 96(4): 1083-1090. 25.Hussain, D., Akram, M., Iqbal, Z., Ali, A. and Saleem, M. 2010. Effect of some insecticides on Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. (Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera) immature and adult survival. Journal of Agricultural Research, 48(4): 531-537. 26.H ussain, D., Ali, A., Mushtaq-ul-Hassan, M., Ali, S., Saleem, M. and Nadeem, S. 2012. Evaluation of toxicity of some new insecticides against egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 44(4): 1123-1127. 27.Hussain, D., Saleem, H.M., Saleem, M. and Abbas, M. 2014. Monitoring of Insecticides Resistance in Field Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 2 (6): 1-8. 28.Javanmoghaddam, H., Alavi, J. and Taghizadeh, M. 2002. Evaluation the effectiveness of some insecticides for controlling bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). Proceeding of the 15 Iranian Plant Protection Congress, 7-11 Sept. 2002. Razi University of Kermanshah. p 34. 29.Johnson, M.W. and Tabashnik, B.E. 1999. Enhanced biological control through pesticide selectivity. In: Bellows, T.S., and Fisher, T.W. (Eds.). Handbook of Biological Control: Principles and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, New York. pp. 297-317. 30.Karthik, P., Ramya, K., Thiruveni, T., Indirakumar, K., VM Srinivasan, V.M. and Kuttalam, S. 2018. Evaluation of persistent toxicity of emamectin benzoate 5 SG to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) on cotton and Earias vittella (Fabricius) on okra. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 6(1): 190-193. 31.Khanjani, M. 2006. Field crop pests in Iran (insects and mites), 3th ed. Bu-Ali Sina University Publication, Hamedan, Iran. 719pp (in Persian). 32.Liu, T.X. and Zhang, Y. 2012. Side effects of two reduced-risk insecticides, indoxacarb and spinosad, on two species of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on cabbage. Ecotoxicology, 21: 2254-2263. 33.Lu, L., Luo, J., Zhang, S., Yu, Q., Ma, L., Liu, X., Wang, C., Ma, X., Ma, Y. and Cui, J. 2018. Efficiency of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) control of different Bt cotton varieties in North China. Journal of Cotton Research, 1:4 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42397-018-0003-0 34. Luo, S., Naranjo, S.E. and Wu, K. 2014. Biological control of cotton pests in China. Biological Control, 68: 6-14. 35.Mahboubi, M.R. and Avarand, A. 2018. Analysis of reasons for the decrease the area cotton cultivation Case: Central District of Gonbad-e Kavos County. Iranian Journal of Cotton Researches, 6(1): 43-46 (in Persian with English abstract). 36.Mohaghegh Neyshabouri J., Rostamkolaee-Motlagh, S.E. and Goodarzian, N. 2009. 37.Mojeni, T.D., Bayat Asadi, H., Noori Ghanbalani, Gh. and Shojaei, M. Study on bioregional aspects of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hüb.)(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), in the cotton fields of Golestan province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 11(2): 97-116 (in Persian with English abstract). 38.Moscardini, V.F., Gontijo, P.C., Carvalho, G.A., de Oliveira, R.L., Maia, J.B. and Silva, F.F. 2013.Toxicity and sublethal effects of seven insecticides to eggs of the flower bug Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Chemosphere, 92(5): 490-496. 39.Narendra, G., Khokhar, S. and Ram, P. 2015. Residual toxicity of some insecticides to the adults of Trichogramma chilonis under both laboratory and field conditions. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 43 (3): 320-323. 40.Overmeer, W.P.J. and van Zon, A.Q. 1982. A standardized method for testing the side effects of pesticides on the predacious mite, Amblyseius potentillae (Acarina: Phytoseiidae). Entomophaga, 27(4): 357-363. 41.SAS Institute. 2003. SAS/STAT user s, version 9.1. SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA. 42.Sattar, S., Farmanullah, Saljoqi, A., Arif, M., Sattar, H. and Qazi, J.I. 2011.Toxicity of some new insecticides against Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) under laboratory and extended laboratory conditions. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 43(6): 1117-1125. 43.Sattar, Sh., Naseer, A., Farid, A., Khan, S.A. and Ahmad, B. 2017. Dose-response relationship of some insecticides with Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(2): 513-518. 44.Sterk, G., Hassan, S.A., Baillod, M., Bakker, F., Bigler, F., Blumel, S., Bogenschutz, H., Boller, E., Bromand, B., Brun, J., Calis, J.N.M., Coremans-Pelseneer, J., Duso, C., Garrido, A., Grove, A., Heimbach, U., Hokkanen, H., Jacas, J., Lewis, G., Moreth, L., Polgar, L., Roversti, L., Sasoe-Petersen, L., Sauphanor, B., Schaub, L., Staubli, A., Tuset, J.J., Vanio, A., van De Veire, M., Viggiani, G., Vinuela, E. and Vogt, H. 1999. Results of the seventh joint pesticide testing programme carried out by the IOBC/WPRS-Working Group ‘Pesticides and Beneficial Organisms’. BioControl,44: 99-117. 45.Suh, C.P., Orr, D.B. and Duyn, J.W.V. 2000. Effect of insecticides on Trichogramma exiguum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) preimaginal development and adult survival. Journal of Economic Entomology, 93: 577-583. 46. Syngenta, 2018. Procliam Fit. Available on: https://www.syngenta.ir/product/crop-protection/proclaim-fit. 47.Talebi-Jahromi, Kh. 2007. Pesticides toxicology. 2nd edition. Tehran University 48. Van Drische, R. G. and Bellows, T.S. 1996. Biological Control. Chapman and Hall,New York, 447pp. 49.Vyavhare, S.S., Kerns, D., Allen, C., Bowling, R., Brewer, M. and Parajulee, M. 2018. Managing Cotton Insects in Texas. Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service. 48pp. 50.Wang, Y., Yu, R., Zhao, X., Chen, L., Wu, C., Cang, T. and Wang, Q. 2012. Susceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) to selected insecticides with different modes of action. Crop Protection, 34: 76-82. 51.Wilson, L.J., Whitehouse, M.E.A. and Herron, G.A.2018.The Management of insect pests in Australian cotton: an evolving story.Annual Review of Entomology, 63:215-37. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 891 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 539 |
||