| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,196 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,423 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 52,254,446 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 91,784,327 |
خصوصیات خاک در زیستگاههای طبیعی قارچ ترافل (Tuber spp.) در استان گلستان | ||
| تحقیقات حمایت و حفاظت جنگلها و مراتع ایران | ||
| دوره 18، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36، اسفند 1399، صفحه 274-286 اصل مقاله (886.9 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijfrpr.2020.343032.1428 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سیده معصومه زمانی* 1؛ ریحانه غلامی قوام آباد2؛ اسداله کریمی دوست3؛ ستار زینالی4 | ||
| 1نویسنده مسئول، استادیار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2کارشناس ارشد، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران | ||
| 4کارشناس، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش بمنظور بررسی ویژگیهای خاک در رویشگاههای طبیعی قارچهای ترافل (Tuber spp.) در شش سایت منتخب واقع در جنگلهای لوه استان گلستان انجام شد. نمونهبرداری از ریشه مهمترین درختان میزبان توبرها در هر سایت صورت گرفت. شناسایی قارچ توبر همزیست پس از تکثیر ناحیه ITSrDNA و آنالیز مقایسهای توالی آن با توالیهای نوکلئوتیدی پایگاه داده Genbank صورت گرفت. جهت نمونهبرداری از خاک اطراف ریشهها، برای هر واحد اکولوژیک پنج نمونه خاک برداشت شد و پس از مخلوط شدن یک نمونه مرکب از آن تهیه گردید. پس از آماده نمودن نمونههای خاک، میزان اسیدیته، ماده آلی، نیتروژن کل، کربنات کلسیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم و فسفر خاک اندازهگیری شد. قارچ توبر همزیست بهعنوان گونه ترافل سیاه تابستانه (Tuber aestivum) شناسایی شد. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد اندامهای بارده قارچ توبر تابستانه، در خاکهای با pH قلیایی و غلظت کم فسفر حضور داشتند. نسبت کربن/نیتروژن در تمام خاکها بالای ده بود که نشان دهنده ترجیح این قارچ نسبت به خاکهایی است که غنی از نیتروژن در دسترس نمیباشند و مقدار بالای نیتروژن در خاک میتواند توسعه میکوریزا را محدود کند. نسبت کلسیم/ منیزیم بالا برای قارچ توبر مطلوبتر است، زیرا درصد کلونیزاسیون قارچی در سایتهای با نسبت بالاتر کلسیم به منیزیم، بیشتر بود. نسبت پتاسیم/ منیزیم در تمام مناطق پایین (پایینتر از دو) بود. همچنین در این تحقیق مشخص شد در استان گلستان، به غیر از بلوط، گونههای گیاهی دیگری نیز از نظر میزبانی قارچهای توبر از اهمیت برخوردارند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| ترافل؛ گیاهان میزبان؛ ویژگیهای خاک؛ رویشگاه طبیعی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Soil Properties in Natural Truffle (Tuber spp.) Habits in Golestan Province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Seyedeh Masoomeh Zamani1؛ Reihaneh Gholami Ghavam abad2؛ Asadollah Karimidoost3؛ Sattar Zeinali4 | ||
| 1Iran, Tehran | ||
| 3Golestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran. | ||
| 4Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands,of Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was conducted to investigate the properties of soil in natural habitats of truffle fungi (Tuber spp.) in six selected sites located in Loveh forests of Golestan province. Sampling of tree roots was done in the area that the host of Tuber spp. was existed and most of the truffle was harvested from them. The Tuber fungus was identified by the ITSrDNA region and comparing its sequence with the nucleotide sequences of the Genbank database. To sample the soil around the roots, five soil samples were taken for each ecological unit and a compound sample was prepared after mixing. After preparing soil samples, the amount of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, calcium carbonate, potassium, calcium, magnesium and soil phosphorus were measured. Tuber fungus was identified as Tuber aestivum. All T. aestivum fruiting bodies were present in soils with alkaline pH and low phosphorus concentrations. C/N ratios of soils were above ten, indicating a preference of T. aestivum for soils that are poor in the readily degradable nitrogen and high nitrogen content in soils can limit the development of mycorrhizae. Our inventory suggested that a higher Ca/Mg ratio could be favourable for T. aestivum fruiting. The K/Mg ratio was below two at all sites. Our results showed that, in Golestan province, host species other than Quercus spp. are also important in regard to the hosting Tuber species. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Tuber spp, Host Plants, Soil Properties, Habitats | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
-Agerer, R. and Rambold, G. 2004-2013. DEEMY– an information system for characterization and determination of ectomycorrhizae. München, Germany. http://www.deemy.de. Accessed 25 June 2013. -Agerer, R. 1987-2012. Colour atlas of ectomycorrhizae. 1st-15th delivery, Einhorn, Schwäbisch Gmünd. Anonymous, 2001. Forest Management Plan, Loveh Forest, District No. 1. Published by Natural Resources and Watershed Management Office at Golestan province, Gorgan, 780p. (In Persian). -Benucci, G.M.N., Raggi, L., Albertini, E., Grebenc, T., Bencivenga, M., Falcinelli, M. and Di Massimo, G. 2011. Ectomycorrhizal communities in a productive Tuber aestivum Vittad. Orchard: composition, host influence and species replacement, FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 76: 170-184. -Bertini, L., Amicucci, A., Agostini, D., Polidori, E., Potenza, L., Guidi, C. and Stocchi, V. 1999. A new pair of primers designed for amplification of the ITS region in Tuber species. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 173: 239–245. -Bonito, G., Smith, M.E., Nowak, M., Healy, R.A., Guevara, G., Cázares, E., Kinoshita, A., Nouhra, E.R., Domínguez, L.S., Tedersoo, L., Murat, C., Wang, Y., Arroyo Moreno, B., Pfister, D.H., Nara, K., Zambonelli. A., Trappe, J.M. and Vilgalys, R. 2013. Historical Biogeography and Diversification of Truffles in the Tuberaceae and Their Newly Identified Southern Hemisphere Sister Lineage. PLoS ONE, 8(1): e52765. -Bonito, G.M., Gryganskyi, A.P., Trappe, J.M. and Vilgalys, R. 2010. A global metaanalysis of Tuber ITS rDNA sequences: species diversity, host associations and long distance dispersal. Molecular Ecology, 19(22): 4994–5008. -Bratek, Z., Merenyi, Z., Illies, Z., Laslo, P., Anton, A., Papp, L., Merkl, O., Garay, J., Vikor, J. and Brandt, S. 2010. Studies on the ecophysiology of Tuber aestivum populations in the Carpatho-Pannonian region. Österr. Z. Pilz., 19: 221–226. -Bremner, J.M. and Keeney, D.R. 1965. Steam distillation methods for determination of ammonium, nitrate and nitrite. Analytica Chimica Acta, 32: 485-495. -Bruhn, J. and Hall, M. 2011. Burgundy Black Truffle Cultivation in an Agroforestry Practice. Agroforestry in action Guide, AF1015 2011.University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry. Columbus. -Chevalier, G. 2012. Europe, a continent with high potential for the cultivation of the Burgundy truffle (Tuber aestivum / uncinatum). Acta Mycologica, 47(2): 127–132. -Chevalier, G. and Frochot, H. 1997. La Truffe de Bourgogne. Pétrarque, Levallois-Perret, 257 p. -Chevalier, G. and Sourzat, P. 2012. Soils and Techniques for Cultivating Tuber melanosporum and Tuber aestivum in Europe. In Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: Current Knowledge and Future Prospects. Zambonelli, A. and Bonito, G.M. (Eds.), Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany, 163p. -Fischer, C.R., Oliach, D., Bonet, J.A. and Colinas, C. 2017. Best Practices for Cultivation of Truffles. Forest Sciences Centre of Catalonia, Solsona, Spain; Yaşama Dair Vakıf, Antalaya, Turkey, 68p. -García-Montero, L.G., Valverde-Asenjo, I., Moreno, D., Diaz, P., Hernando, I., Menta, C. and Tarasconi, K. 2012. Influence of Edaphic Factors on Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms: New Hypotheses on Soil Nutrition and C Sinks Associated to Ectomycorrhizae and Soil Fauna Using the Tuber Brule Model. In: Edible Ectomycorrhizal Mushrooms. Soil Biology 34. Zambonelli, A. and Bonito, G.M. (Eds.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 83–105. -Gazo, J., Miko, M. and Chevalier, G. 2005. First results of inventory research on economically important species of truffles (Tuber) in the Tribec Mountains. Acta Fytotechnica et Zootechnica, 8(3): 66–71. -Gogan Csorbaine, A., Nagy, Z., Degi, Z., Bagi, I. and Dimenyi, J. 2012. Ecological characteristics of a Hungarian summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) producing area. Acta Mycologica, 47(2):133–138. -Gryndler, M., Beskid, O., Hujslová, M., Konvalinková, T., Bukovská, P., Zemková, L., Hršelová, H. and Jansa, J., 2017. Soil receptivity for ectomycorrhizal fungi: Tuber aestivum is specifically stimulated by calcium carbonate and certain organic compounds, but not mycorrhizospheric bacteria. Applied Soil Ecology, 117-118: 38-45. -Hilszczańska, D., Rosa-Gruszecka, A. and Szmidla, H. 2014. Characteristic of Tuber spp. localities in natural stands with emphasis on plant species composition. Acta Mycologica, 49: 267–277. -Hilszczańska, D., Siebyla, M., Horak, J., Król, M., Podsadni, P., Steckiewicz, P., Bamburowicz-Klimkowska, M., Szutowski, M. and Turlo, J. 2016. Comparison of chemical composition inTuber aestivumVittad. of different geographical origin. Chemistry and Biodiversity, 13(12): 1617. -Hilszczańska, D., Sierota, Z. and Palenzona, M. 2008. New Tuber species found in Poland, Mycorrhiza, 18(4): 223 – 226. -Hilszczańska, D., Szmidla, H., Sikora, K. and Rosa-Gruszecka, A. 2019. Soil Properties Conducive to the Formation of Tuber aestivum Vitt. Fruiting Bodies. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(3): 1713-1718. -Ishida, A., Nara, K. and Hogetsu, T. 2007. Host effects on ectomycorrhizal fungal communities: insight from eight host species in mixed conifer-broadleaf forests. New Phytologist, 174: 430-440. -Lancellotti, E., Iotti, M., Meli, A., Zambonelli, A. and Franceschini, A. 2011. eMyCo-Ectomycorrizhal Community Database. Micologia Italiana, 40(3): 23-30. -Leonardi, M., Iotti, M., Oddis, M., Lalli, G., Pacioni, G., Leonardi, P., Maccherini, S., Perini, C., Salerni, E. and Zambonelli, A. 2013. Assessment of ectomycorrhizal fungal communities in the natural habitats of Tuber magnatum (Ascomycota, Pezizales). Mycorrhiza, 23: 349-358. -Molinier, V., Murat, C., Baltensweiler, A., Buntgen, U., Martin, F., Meier, B. and Peter M. 2016. Fine-scale genetic structure of natural Tuber aestivum sites in southern Germany. Mycorrhiza, 26(8): 895-907. -Monfort-Salvador, I., García-Montero, L.G. and Grande, M.A. 2015. Impact of calcium associated to calcareous amendments on ectomycorrhizae in forests: A review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 15(1): 217-231. -Morte, A., Zamora, M., Gutie ́rrez, A. and Honrubia, M. 2009. Desert truffle cultivation in semiarid mediterranean areas. In: Azcon-Aguilar et al., (eds) Mycorrhizas-functional processes and ecological impact. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 221–233. -Nelson, D.W. and Sommers L.E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods; Sparks, D.L., (Ed.), SSSA Book Series No. 5; Soil Science Society of America: Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 961–1010. -Olsen, S.R. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington. Circular 939. -Reyna, S. and Garcia-Barreda, S. 2014. Black truffle cultivation: a global reality. Forest Systems, 23(2): 317–328. -Rudawska, M., Leski, T. and Gornowicz, R. 2001. Mycorrhizal status of Pinus sylvestris nursery stock in Poland as influenced by nitrogen fertilization. Dendrobiology, 46: 49–58. -Smith, S.E. and Read, D.J. 2008. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis, third ed. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Soil Survey Staff. 2004. Soil survey laboratory methods manual, USDA-NRCS, US Government, Printing Office: Washington, DC. 700p. -Sparks, D.L., Page, A., Helmke, P., Loeppert, R., Soltanpour, P., Tabatabai, M., Johnston, C. and Sumner, M. 1996. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3- Chemical Methods, SSSA/ASA. Madison, WI, Inc. -Stobbe, U., Büntgen, U., Sproll, L., Tegel, W., Egli, S. and Fink, S. 2012. Spatial distribution and ecological variation of re-discovered German truffle habitats. Fungal Ecology, 5(5): 591–99. -Stobbe, U., Egli, S., Tegel, W., Peter, M., Sproll, L. and Büntgen, U. 2013. Potential and limitations of Burgundy truffle cultivation. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 97(12): 5215–24. -Strullu-Derrien, C., Selosse, M.-A., Kenrick, P. and Martin, F.M. 2018. The origin and evolution of mycorrhizal symbioses: from palaeomycology to phylogenomics. New Phytologist, 220:1012-1030. -Thomas, P.W. 2012. The role of pH in Tuber aestivum syn. uncinatum mycorrhiza development within commercial orchards. Acta Mycologica, 47(2): 161–167. -Urban, A. and Pla, T. 2010. Conservation strategies for Tuber aestivum. Austrian Journal of Mycology, 19: 273-279. -Walkley, A. and Black, I. A. 1934. An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter, and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Science, 37: 29–38. -Wedén, C. 2004. Black truffles of Sweden: Systematics, Population Sudies, Ecology and Cultivation of Tuber aestivum syn. T. uncinatum. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. -Wedén, C., Pettersson, L. and Danell, E. 2009. Truffle cultivation in Sweden: Results from Quercus robur and Corylus avellana field trials on the island of Gotland. Scandinavian Jour nal of Forest Research, 24(1): 37. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 969 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 805 |
||