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بررسی برخی خصوصیات اکومورفولوژیکی، فنولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی Malva sylvestris L. در دو رویشگاه بومی منطقه فردوس و طبس | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 36، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 102، مهر و آبان 1399، صفحه 590-608 اصل مقاله (658.36 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.342267.2744 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| تکتم فتحی1؛ محمد جواد ثقه الاسلامی* 2؛ رضا یاری3؛ فاطمه نخعی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا، گروه باغبانی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی، گیاهان دارویی و علوم دامی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار، گروه باغبانی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| 4استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی، گیاهان دارویی و علوم دامی، واحد بیرجند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بیرجند، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1399.36.590.102.4.1576.1587 بهمنظور مقایسه برخی ویژگیهای اکومورفولوژیکی، فنولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی پنیرک (Malva sylvestris L.) در دو منطقه فردوس و طبس، از هر منطقه سه رویشگاه طی سال 1397 بهصورت تصادفی انتخاب و مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. آنالیز خاک رویشگاهها حکایت از رشد گیاه پنیرک در خاکهایی با بافت لوم شنی در این دو منطقه داشت. از سوی دیگر خاک رویشگاههای مورد مطالعه در این دو منطقه از نوع قلیایی و با شوری پایین بود. میزان آهک خاک زیادتر از خاکهای زراعی بود. نتایج مطالعات فنولوژیکی نیز نشان داد در منطقه فردوس این گیاه در اوایل فروردین رویش یافته و در خرداد ماه گل میدهد. سپس دانهها از اواخر مهر ماه شروع به رسیدن نموده و اواخر آبان ریزش میکنند. در منطقه طبس شروع رویش گیاه از نیمه دوم اسفند ماه آغاز شده، در اردیبهشت ماه گل میدهد و گلدهی آن تا اوایل پاییز ادامه مییابد. دانهها از نیمه دوم مرداد شروع به رسیدن نموده و اوایل آبان ریزش میکنند. دوره رکود فعالیتهای گیاه در فردوس و طبس بهترتیب با خشکی محیط و شروع فصل سرما همزمان است. آزمایشهای فیتوشیمیایی عصاره برگ، گل، دانه و ساقه پنیرک در دو منطقه وجود مواد آلکالوئید، تانن، فلاونوئید، امودول یا امودین، ساپونین، کربوهیدرات، نشاسته، استرول و استروئید، انتوسیانوزید و کومارینها را در هریک از اندامهای گیاه بهصورت کم تا زیاد نشان داد. ترکیب انتراسنوزید در هیچیک از سه عصاره اتانولی، آبی و اتری مشاهده نشد. همچنین وجود چهار نوع اسید فنولیک توسط کروماتوگرافی لایه نازک (TLC) در دانه، ساقه، گل و برگ گیاه در هر دو منطقه مورد بررسی تشخیص داده شد. اندازهگیری میزان آنتوسیانین برگ نیز نشان داد با افزایش ارتفاع رویشگاه، میزان آنتوسیانین کاهش یافت. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| پنیرک (Malva sylvestris L.)؛ اکومورفولوژی؛ فنولوژی؛ فیتوشیمی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Study on some ecomorphological, phenological, and phytochemical characteristics of common mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) in two native habitats of Ferdows and Tabas regions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| T. Fathi1؛ M.J. Seghatoleslami2؛ R. Yari3؛ F. Nakhaei4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. student, Department of Agriculture, Birjand branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 2Agricultural, Medicinal Plants and Animal Science Research Center, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Agriculture, Birjand branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran | ||
| 4Agricultural, Medicinal Plant and Animal Sciences Research Center, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| To compare some ecomorphological, phenological and phytochemical properties of common mallow (Malva sylvestris L.) in two regions Ferdows and Tabas, three habitats from each region were randomly selected and studied in 2018. Soil analysis of the habitats indicated the growth of the plant in sandy loam soils. On the other hand, the soil of these two habitats was alkaline with low salinity. Soil lime content was higher than crop soils. The results of phenological studies also showed that in Ferdows, this plant grows in early April and blooms in June. Then the seeds begin to ripen in late October and fall in late November. In Tabas, the plant begins to grow in the second half of March, flowers in May and flowering continues until early autumn. The seeds start to ripen in the second half of August and fall in early November. In Ferdows and Tabas, the recession period of plant activities coincided with dryness of the environment and the onset of the cold season, respectively. Phytochemical analysis of leaves, flowers, seeds, and stems extracts of the plant in two regions showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, emodol or emodine, saponins, carbohydrates, starch, sterols, steroids, anthocyanosides, and cumarins in low to high amounts in each organ of the plant. Anthracenoside was not found in any of the three ethanol, aqueous and ether extracts. Also, four phenolic acids (linoleic, linolenic, synergic, and paracomaric acids) were detected by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in seeds, stems, flowers, and leaves of the plant in both areas. The results also showed that the anthocyanin content of the leaves decreased with increasing the region's altitude. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Malva sylvestris L, ecomorphology, phenology, phytochemistry | ||
| مراجع | ||
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