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طراحی برنامه پرداخت برای خدمت‌های بوم‌سامانه ای بر اساس کارکرد مهار رسوب در آبخیز شیرین دره، خراسان شمالی | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 130، فروردین 1400، صفحه 126-139 اصل مقاله (1.02 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2020.128825.1293 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عماد ذاکری* 1؛ سید علیرضا موسوی2؛ حمیدرضا کریم زاده3 | ||
| 1دکترای علوم مرتع، اداره‌ی کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری خراسان شمالی | ||
| 2استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان | ||
| 3دانشیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| تجمع رسوب در آبگیر سد یکی از اصلی‌ترین عامل‌های کاهش‌دهنده‌ی عمر مفید سدها است. بهبوددادن پوشش گیاهی باعث کاهش‌یافتن تجمع رسوب می‌شود. در این پژوهش ساختاری برای اجراکردن پرداخت برای خدمت‌های بوم‌سامانه‌یی با این فرض که هزینه‌های حفاظت از خاک و پوشش گیاهی را می‌توان سرمایه‌گذاری در تأمین آب با مشوق‌های اقتصادی دانست داده شد. این ساختار در چهار مرحله‌ی کلی تعیین حالت‌های ممکن تغییر پوشش گیاهی مرتع، شبیه‌سازی فرسایش و رسوب، بررسی رسوب مخزن سد شیرین‌دره، و طراحی ساختار پرداخت تهیه شد. نتیجه‌ها نشان داد که در 20 سال آینده تولید رسوب کل از 486637/6 مترمکعب در سال در شرایط فعلی مرتع به‌ترتیب به 564217/5 و 658925/4 مترمکعب در سال افزایش، و درنتیجه حجم مفید سد شیرین‌دره کاهش خواهد یافت (17/3 %). کمینه‌ی پرداخت سالانه در حدود 104 میلیون ریال تعیین شد. مقدار و ارزش کل خدمت مهارکردن آورد رسوب به‌کمک پوشش گیاهی نیز با روی‌کرد هزینه-فرصت به‌ترتیب 740535/5 مترمکعب در سال و 3/7 میلیارد ریال در سال تعیین شد. درنتیجه، بیشینه‌‌ی پرداخت با درنظر گرفتن ارزش کل این خدمت و برآوردکردن ارزش فعلی خالص درآمد 3/9 میلیارد ریال در سال برآورد کرده شد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| فرسایش خاک؛ تولید رسوب؛ حفاظت خاک؛ مشوق‌های اقتصادی؛ مدیریت آبخیز | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Designing a Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Scheme, Based on Sediment Control function in Shirin Darreh Basin, the Province of North Khorasan | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Emad Zakeri1؛ Sayed Ali Reza Mousavi2؛ Hamid Reza Karimzadeh3 | ||
| 1Ph.D., Department of Natural Resources and Watershed management in North Khorasan | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Natural Resources Isfahan University of Technology | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Natural Resources Isfahan University of Technology | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sediment accumulation is one of the major factors that reduce the beneficial life span of artificial reservoirs. Conservation and improving vegetative cover conditions may reduce sediment accumulation. A framework for implementing the PES was proposed assuming that the cost of soil and vegetation cover conservation may be considered as an investment in water supply through economic incentives, consisting of vegetative cover change projection, erosion and sediment transport modeling, reservoir sedimentation estimation, and the PES scheme design. Based on the results of increasing the amount of total sediment production from 486637.6 m3/yr in the current situation to 564217.5 and 658925.4 m3/yr, respectively over the next 20 years, and reduction of the useful lifespan of the Shirin Darreh reservoir (17.3%), the minimum payment for ecosystem services was considered 104 million Rials/yr. Furthermore, the volume and the total value of sediment control services provided by the vegetative cover was also determined by considering a complete degradation of the vegetative cover scenario and opportunity cost of 740535.5 m3/yr and 3.7 billion Riyals. Furthermore, the maximum payment was also estimated by considering the total value of the sediment control services and the estimated net present value of range conservation to be about 3.9 billion Rials/yr. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Incentive-based mechanisms, sediment yield, soil conservation, soil erosion, watershed management | ||
| مراجع | ||
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