| تعداد نشریات | 287 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 85 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,159 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,108 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 50,527,137 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 90,476,692 |
امکان سنجی جمع آوری آب باران در تیمارها و زمان های مختلف در آبخیز طالقان | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 129، دی 1399، صفحه 110-122 اصل مقاله (1.21 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2020.342844.1339 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مجید آخشی1؛ نجمه یرمی* 2؛ ابوالفضل عزیزیان2؛ علی اکبر نظری سامانی3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی سابق کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان | ||
| 2استادیار علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان | ||
| 3دانشیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| جمع آوری باران در منطقههای خشک و نیمه خشک با زیر حوضه روشی مناسب برای تولید محصول و مقابله با کم آبی است. امکانسنجی جمع آوری باران در آبخیز طالقان در زیر حوضههایی با مساحت های 100، 25 و 6/25 مترمربع با سه تیمار ایجاد جوی و پشته، تراکم تراز سطحی و شاهد در سال آبی 96-1395 بررسی شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح مجموعهی کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. حجم روانآب جمع آوری شده پس از هر بارش در فصلهای مختلف مشخص شد. ارتباط بین مقدار و ضریب روانآب با ارتفاع بارش و آستانهی بارش برای تولید روانآب مشخص شد. نتیجهها نشان داد که بارش های بهاری به ترتیب 62/5 و 65/4 % بیش از بارش های زمستانی و پاییزی روانآب تولید کرد. متراکم کردن خاک سطح باعث افزایش روانآب و ضریب آن به ترتیب 17/3 و 19/8% از شاهد شد. افزون بر آن، تراکم خاک اندازهی ارتفاع بارش آستانه را 7% کاهش داد. مقدار و ضریب روانآب با ایجاد جوی و پشته به ترتیب 22 و 20% کاهش یافت، اما بارش آستانه 4% فزونی گرفت. مقدار روانآب و بارش آستانه در زیر حوضههای بزرگتر کمتر از زیر حوضههای کوچکتر بود. کاربرد زیر حوضههای جمع آوری روانآب برای کاشتن گیاهان در منطقه با تراکم خاک سطح (افزایش هفت درصدی چگالی ظاهری خاک) توصیه میشود، و مساحت آن با توجه به نوع گیاه تعیین میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| جمع آوری رواناب؛ ریزحوضه؛ طالقان؛ فصل بارش؛ مساحت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Rainwater Harvesting Potential in Different Treatments and Times on the Taleghan Watershed | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Majid Akhshi1؛ Najmeh Yarami2؛ Abolfazl Azizian2؛ Aliakbar Nazari Samani3 | ||
| 1Former M.Sc. Student in Watershed Management, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Water Science and Engineering Department, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ardakan University | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Rainwater harvesting (RWH) in arid and semi-arid regions using micro-catchments (MCS) is an appropriate technique to produce crops and to deal with water shortages. The potential of RWH on the Taleghan Watershed was investigated using MCS covering areas of 100, 25, and 6.25 m2 under three treatments: furrowing, surface compaction, and control (no treatment) during the 2016/2017 hydrological year. The experimental design was a complete randomized block in a factorial manner with three replications. The volume of the collected runoff was measured after each precipitation event in different seasons. The relationship between the amount and coefficient of runoff (R and Cr, respectively) with precipitation and the threshold of precipitation for runoff production (TPR) was determined. Results showed that the spring precipitation produced 62.5 and 65.5% higher R than the winter and autumn rainfall, respectively. Moreover, surface compaction produced 17.3 and 19.8% higher R and Cr than the control, respectively; it also reduced TPR by 7%. However, under furrowing, the R and Cr values decreased by 22 and 20%, respectively; while, TPR increased by 4% more than the control. Furthermore, the values of R and TPR in larger MCS were less than those of the smaller MCS. Overall, the use of MCS for R harvesting and plant cultivation with surface soil compaction (increasing bulk density by 7%) is recommended in regions where their areas is determined by the plant type. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Area, micro-catchment, rainfall season, runoff harvesting, Taleghan | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Ali A, Yazar A, Abdul Aal A, Oweis T, Hayek, P. 2010. Micro-catchment water harvesting potential of an arid environment. Agricultural Water Management. 98(1): 96–104. Ayanshola AM, Dauda KA. 2019. Development of a negarim micro-catchment system for citrus production. Journal of Research in Forestry, Wildlife and Environment. 11(1): 51–61. Aziz M, Tariq M. 2018. Assessing the potential of rain-water harvesting (in situ) for sustainable Olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivation in water-scarce rain-fed areas. Irrigation and Drainage Systems Engineering. 7(2): 1–8. Gnadlinger J. 2003. Rainwater catchment and sustainable development in the Brazilian semi-arid tropics (BSATs)-An Integrated Approach. 11th IRCS Conference, Mexico City. 12 p. Khalili-Samani N, Azizian A, Yarami N, Soltani S. 2020. Suitable regions for rain-fed tree culture in Central Zagros (Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari Province of Iran). Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering. (Pending publication). Mahmoud WH, Elagib NA, Gaese H, Heinrich J. 2014. Rainfall conditions and rainwater harvesting potential in the urban area of Khartoum. Resources, Conservation and Recycling. 91(10): 89–99. Mehdizadeh Youshanloei M, Roghani M. 2015. Investigation of operation of isolated, semi-isolated and natural surfaces in rainfall- runoff process of water harvesting system, A case study: Khorram Abad station. Watershed Engineering and Management. 7(4): 415–424. (In Persian). Meshgi A. 2006. Optimal determination of rain-fed vineyard micro-catchment cultivation for designing water harvesting systems using stochastic computer model. M.Sc. Seminar. Faculty of Agriculture. Shiraz University. 203 p. (In Persian). Nekuei Mehr M. 2014. Investigating the amount of harvestable water from rainwater catchment systems for fruit trees cultivation in sloping lands under water crisis. Proceeding of the 2nd National Conference on Water Crisis, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran. 6 p. (In Persian). Pandey DN, Gupta AK, Anderson DM. 2003. Rainwater harvesting as an adaptation to climate change. Current Science. 85(1): 46–59. Qadir M, Sharma BR, Bruggeman A, Choukr-Allah R, Karajeh F. 2007. Non-conventional water resources and opportunities for water augmentation to achieve food security in water scarce countries. Agricultural Water Management. 87 (1): 2–22. Sadeghzadeh Reyhan ME, Zarehaghghi D, Neyshabouri MR. 2014. Valuation of rainwater harvesting methods in increasing soil moisture and pistachio seedling growth. Water and Soil Science. 23(4): 203–214. (In Persian). Sepaskhah AR, 2014. Micro-catchment water harvesting for optimum use in agriculture. Shiraz University Press. (In Persian). Sepaskhah AR, Foolandmand HR. 2004. A computer model for design of micro-catchment water harvesting systems for rain-fed vineyard. Agricultural Water Management. 64(3): 213–232. Sepaskhah AR, Kamgar-Haghighi AA, Moosavi SAA. 1992. Evaluation of hydrological parameters for design of micro-catchment water harvesting in a semi-arid climate. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transaction B: Engineering. 16(1): 105–116. Shahriari A. 2002. Investigating the effect of salinity on two species of Atriplex. Research Report, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Tehran University. 90 p. (In Persian). Sharma KD, Pareek OP, Singh HP. 1986. Micro-catchment water harvesting for raising jujube orchards in an arid climate. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers. 29(1): 112–118. Tabatabei Yazdi J, Davari K, Raouf Y. 2007. Economic analysis of water harvesting techniques for agricultural use (case study: Natural resources research station of north Khorasan). Proceeding of the 6th conference of Iranian Agricultural Economics, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, Iran. 9 p. (In Persian). Taleban V. 2006. Determination of the runoff coefficient in micro-catchment rainwater harvesting. M.Sc. Seminar, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University. 78 p. (In Persian). Tavakoli AR. 2013. Determination of technical Characters of micro-catchments water harvesting systems for rain-fed almond trees. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research. 14(2):1–16. Yarami N, Azizian A, Shariati S, Paydar Ardakani A. 2017. Investigation of the rainwater harvesting potential in Zarrin-Dasht Region, Fars Province. Proceeding of the 14th National Conference on Irrigation and Evaporation Reduction, Kerman University, Kerman, Iran. 8 p. (In Persian). | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 621 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 470 |
||