| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,036 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,984 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,763,499 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 77,188,129 |
گزینش لاین‌های گندم نان متحمل خشکی براساس شاخص‌های تحمل و تحلیل شجره‌ای | ||
| پژوهش های کاربردی زراعی | ||
| دوره 33، شماره 02 - شماره پیاپی 127، مرداد 1399، صفحه 114-134 اصل مقاله (615.92 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/aj.2020.125044.1380 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرشاد بختیار* 1؛ گودرز نجفیان2؛ نوید شارسودا3 | ||
| 1استاد یار موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 2استاد موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| 3کارشناس موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق تعداد 291 لاین گندم نان با هدف انتخاب لاین‌های متحمل تنش خشکی آخر فصل به روش مشاهده‌ای بدون تکرار در دو شرایط نرمال و تنش مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. از صفات درصد سبز، تعداد روز تا سنبله دهی، رسیدگی فیزیولوژیک، ارتفاع بوته، رنگ دانه، وزن هزار دانه، درصد خوابیدگی، ریزش دانه، و عملکرد دانه یادداشت برداری شد. شاخص‌های STI ، TOL ، GMP ، MP و SSI برای صفات وزن هزاردانه و عملکرد دانه در کلیه ژنوتیپ‌ها محاسبه شدند و در نهایت تعداد 34 لاین برتر و متحمل تنش خشکی آخر فصل با توجه به شاخص‌های STI و SSI در دو مرحله مورد گزینش قرار گرفتند. تجزیه و تحلیل شجره‌نامه لاین‌های انتخابی نشان داد که ژنوتیپ‌های PASTOR ،WBLL1 ،SKAUZ و Y50E به ترتیب با 21/11 ، 34/6، 04/4 و 04/4 درصد بیشترین سهم و ژنوتیپ‌های CHIBIA ،KACHU و 1-73-240 به ترتیب با 01/0، 02/0 و 02/0 درصد کمترین سهم را در ریخته ارثی لاین‌های متحمل تنش خشکی آخر فصل داشتند. همچنین سهم برخی از ارقام گندم مانند امید، پیشتاز، پارسی، مرودشت، البرز و اترک در ریخته ژنتیکی لاین‌های انتخاب شده به ترتیب 78/2، 39/2، 47/1، 47/1، 44/1و 09/0 درصد بود. با توجه به نتایج پیشنهاد می‌شود که علاوه بر ارقام گندم فوق می‌توان از ارقامی که دارای ریخته ارثی ژنوتیپ‌های PASTOR ، KAUZ ، SKAUZ ، WBLL1 ، PBW343 ، Y50E و MUNAL #1 باشند نیز در برنامه تولید ژرم پلاسم با صفات زراعی مناسب و متحمل تنش خشکی آخر فصل در اقلیم معتدل کشور استفاده کرد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| عملکرد دانه؛ تنش؛ خشکی آخر فصل | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Selection of drought tolerant bread wheat lines based on tolerance indexes and pedigree analysis | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farshad Bakhtiar1؛ Goodarz Najafian2؛ Navid Sharsoda3 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| 3Researcher, Seed and plant Improvement Institute, Agriculture Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Introduction Drought Stress is one of the most important and common environmental stresses that restricts agricultural production and reduces production efficiency in semi-arid and dryland areas (Sarmadnia, 1993). Information on yield stability of genotypes under both favorable and drought stress conditions is essential to identify drought-tolerant genotypes by plant breeders and genotypes with good performance in both environments are preferred (Uddin et al., 1992). In International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMIT), the F3 and F4 generations are selected under limited irrigation conditions. The selected plant materials in the fifth and sixth generations are evaluated under normal conditions, and in seventh and eighth generations performance comparison and other evaluations are studied under water stress and natural conditions. This method of evaluation and selection under stress and non-stress conditions has been suggested and applied by many researchers on wheat and other crops (Ehdaie et al., 1988). The goal of this study was selection of drought tolerant bread wheat lines based on their tolerance indices and pedigree analysis. Materials and Methods In this experiment, 291 lines and cultivars of bread wheat along with four check cultivars including Parsi, Pishtaz, Sirvan, and Sivand were evaluated to identify tolerant genotypes for terminal drought using two identical experiments, one under non-stress condition and the other one under drought stress condition (irrigation cut-off after 50% of anthesis). Experiments were conducted using the observational method without replication. During the developmental stages, the traits including green percentage, days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, grain color, thousand-grain weight, lodging percentage, shattering and grain yield per plot were recorded. Drought susceptibility and tolerance indices such as STI, SSI, GMP, MP and TOL were calculated for all the investigated entries based on 1000-grain weight and grain yield. In order to investigate the genetic background of selected lines, the percentage of genetic contributions of each genotype was calculated based on the pedigree of the lines. Results & Discussion The results indicated that under both stress and non-stress conditions, the selected lines were relatively early mature. Comparison of arithmetic means (MP), geometric mean (GMP) and drought tolerance index (STI) of the genotypes revealed that selection based on these criteria leads to the selection of high yield genotypes under both stress and non-stress conditions. In terms of grain yield, genotypes 33, 2, 34, 23, 10 and 11 had the lowest SSI, which was associated with a higher yield of these lines under drought stress. Also, in terms of 1000-grain weight, genotypes 10, 11, 32, 33, 34, 8 and 5 had the lowest SSI indices where this trait was significantly correlated with high seed weight under drought stress. Lines 11, 14 and 34 had the highest STI index for grain yield and 1000-grain weight, which was significantly associated with high grain yield and 1000-grain weight under normal conditions. Finally, 34 superior drought tolerant lines were selected in two stages according to STI and SSI indices. Pedigree analysis of the selected lines showed that genotypes PASTOR, WBLL1, SKAUZ, and Y50E had contributions of 11.21%, 6.34%, 4.04%, and 4.04% in germplasm composition under drought condition, respectively, indicating their impact on drought tolerance. On the other hand, genotypes CHIBA, KACHU and 1-73-240 had 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.02% contribution in germplasm composition under drought conditions, respectively, showing no influence in drought tolerance. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the genetic structure of some Iranian wheat cultivars such as Omid, Pishtaz, Parsi, Marvdasht, Alborz and Atrak, respectively, made contributions of 2.78%, 2.39%, 1.47%, 1.47% and 1.44% to the genome of the selected lines. Finally, it was suggested that, in addition to the above-mentioned Iranian cultivars, breeding lines derived from genotypes such as PASTOR, KAUZ, SKAUZ, WBLL1, PBW343, Y50E and MUNAL #1 can be used in breeding programs to produce suitable germplasm with early maturity and tolerance to terminal-drought stress for temperate climate of Iran. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Grain Yield, Stress, Terminal Drought | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Austin, R. B. 1987. Some crop characteristics of wheat and their influence on yield and water use. In: Drought tolerance in winter cereals. Wiley Science, New York, PP: 327-336.
Bramel-Cox, P.J., Barker, T., Zavala-Garcia, F., and Eastin, J.D. 1991. Selection and testing environments for improved performance under reduced-input conditions. In: Plant breeding and sustainable agriculture: considerations for objectives and methods. CSSA Special Publication No. 18, CSSA and ASA, Madison, USA, pp. 29-56
Barret, B.A., and Kidwell, K.K. 1998. Comparison of AFLP and pedigree-based genetic diversity assessment methods using wheat cultivars from the Pacific Northwest. Crop Science, 38: 1271–1278.
Cooper, M., Byth, D.E., and Woodruff, D.R. 1994. An investigation of the grain yield adaptation of CIMMYT wheat lines to water stress environments in Queensland. II. Classification analysis. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 45: 985-1002.
Derrera, N.F., Marshal, D.R., and Balaari, L.N. 1969. Genetic variability in root development in relation to drought tolerance in spring wheat's. Experimental Agriculture, 5: 327-337.
Duvick, D.N. 1992. Genetic contributions to advances in yield of U. S. maize. Maydica 37:69-79.
Ehdaie, B., Waines, J.G., and Hall, A.E. 1988. Differential responses of landrace and improved spring wheat genotypes to stress environments. Crop Science, 28: 838-842.
Ehdaie, B. 1995. Variation in water –use efficiency and its components in wheat. Pot and field experiments. Crop Science, 35: 1617-1626.
Farshadfar, E., Poursiahbidi, M. M., Safavi, S. M. 2013. Assessment of drought tolerance in land races of bread wheat based on resistance/ tolerance indices. International journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 2: 143-158.
Fernandez, G. C.1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress Tolerance. Pp: 257-270 In: Kuo, C.G. (Ed). Proceedings of the International Symposium on Adaptation of Vegetables and other Food Crops to Temperature Water Stress Taiwan. 13-18Aug.
Fischer, R.A., and Maurer, R.1978. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. 1. Grain yield responses. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 29: 879-912.
Fischer, R.A., and Wood, J.T. 1979. Drought resistance in spring wheat cultivars. III. Yield association with morph- physiological traits. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 30: 1001-1020.
Gravandi, M., Farshadfar, A. and Kahrizi, D. 2011. Evaluation of drought tolerance in bread wheat advanced genotypes in field and laboratory conditions. Seed and Plant, 26: 252-233. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Heidari-sharifabad, H. 2008. Drought mitigation strategies for the agriculture sector. The 10th Iranian congress of Crop Science, 18-20 Aug. 2008, SPII, Karaj, Iran. (In Persian)
Martin, J. M., Talbert, L. E., Lannings, S. P., and Blake, N. K. 1995. Hybrid performance in wheat as related to parental diversity. Crop Science, 35: 104–108.
Najafian, G. 2005. Evaluation of quantitative and bread making quality traits of different bread wheat genotypes in preliminary regional yield trial for moderate region (PRWYT-M). Cereal research department, seed and plant improvement institute. 27 pages (In Persian with English Summary).
Najafian, G. 2009. Drought tolerance indices, their relationships and manner of application to wheat breeding programs. Middle Eastern and Russian journal of plant science and biotechnology. 3 (special issue1), 25-34 Global Science Books.
Nourmand Moayyed, F. 1997. Investigating the diversity of quantitative traits and their relationship with bread wheat yield in dry and wet conditions and determining the index of drought resistance. Master of Science (MSc), Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran (In Persian with English Summary).
Nourmand-Moayyed, F., Rostami, M.A., Ghanadha, M.R., 2001. Evaluation of drought resistance indices in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Iranian Journal Agriculture Science, 32: 795-805. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Parker, G.D., Fox, P.N., Langridge, P., Chalmers, K., Whan, B., and Ganter, P.F. 2002. Genetic diversity within Australian wheat breeding programs based on molecular and pedigree data. Euphytica, 124: 293–306.
Rajaram, S. 2000. International wheat breeding: past and present achievements and future directions, Warren E. Kronstad Honorary Symposium Oregon State University Extension Service, Special Report 1017 June 2000.
Rauf, S., Dasilva, J.T., Khan, A.A., and Naveed, A. 2010. Consequences of plant breeding on genetic diversity. International Journal of Plant Breeding, 41: 1–21.
Rauf, S., Ali Tariq, S., and Waseem Hassan, S. 2012 Estimation of pedigree based diversity in Pakistani wheat (Triticum aestvium L.) germplasm. International journal of the faculty of agriculture and biology, Warsaw University of life sciences, Poland. V. 7, No. 1, PP. 14–22
Rosielle, A.A., and Hamblin, J. 1981. Theoretical aspect of selection for yield in stress and non-stress environment. Crop Science, 21:943-946.
Sarmadnia, G.H. 1993. Importance of environmental stress in cultivation. Key articles of the first congress of agriculture and plant breeding of Tehran University (In Persian).
Shafazadeh, M.K., Yazdanswpas, A., Amini, A., Gannadha, M.R. 2004. Study of terminal drought tolerance in promising winter and facultative wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes using stress susceptibility and tolerance indices. Seed and Plant, 20: 57-71. (In Persian with English Abstract).
Soleimani, V.D., Baum, B.R., and Johnson, D.A. 2002. AFLP and pedigree-based genetic diversity estimates in modern cultivars of durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 104: 350–357.
Uddin, N., Carver, B.F., and Clutter, A.C. 1992. Genetic analysis and selection for wheat yield in drought-stressed and irrigated environments. Euphytica 62:89-96.
Yazdi-Samadi, B., and Abde-Mishani, S. 1991. Breeding field crops. Tehran University Press Center. P. 283. (In Persian).
Zare Feyz Abadi, A., and Ghodsi, M. 2002. Study on drought tolerance of wheat lines and cultivars in cold regions. Agricultural Sciences and Technology Journal, 16 (2): 181-189. (In Persian with English Summary).
Zavala-Garcia, F., Bramel-Cox, P.J., Eastin, J.D., Witt, M.D., and Andrews, D.J. 1992. Increasing the efficiency of crop selection for unpredictable environments. Crop Science, 32:51-57. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 546 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 323 |
||