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تأثیر فراصوت و ریزپوشانی کردن بر ویژگی‌های ترکیبات زیست فعال عصاره استخراج شده از تفاله انگور قرمز رقم رشه سردشت | ||
| تحقیقات مهندسی صنایع غذایی | ||
| دوره 19، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 69، دی 1399، صفحه 93-108 اصل مقاله (917.54 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/fooder.2020.126933.1229 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| شهین زمردی* 1؛ الهام آذرپژوه2؛ پروین شرایعی3 | ||
| 1دانشیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه، | ||
| 2استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، | ||
| 3دانشیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در این تحقیق، تأثیر فراصوت و ریزپوشانی کردن بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی ترکیبات زیست فعال عصارۀ استخراج شده از تفاله انگور رقم رشه سردشت بررسی شدهاست. برایبررسی تأثیر شدت و زمان فرایند فراصوۀاز روش سطح پاسخ استفاده شد. متغیرهای مستقل شامل شدت فراصوتو زمان فرایند به ترتیب در سه سطح 20، 60 و 100 درصد و 5، 10 و 15 دقیقه است. نتایج تحقیق نشان میدهد ترکیبات فنلی، قدرت احیاکنندگی آهن سه ظرفیتی (FRAP) و گیرندگی رادیکال‌های آزاد (DPPH) با افزایش شدت فراصوت، ابتدا افزایش اما پس از آن کاهش مییابد (p <0.05). در حالی‌که با افزایش زمان فرایند،ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH کاهش پیدا میکند (p <0.05).شرایط بهینه برای استخراج عصارۀ آبی پسماند انگور، شدت فراصوت 60 درصد و زمان فرایند 8.78 دقیقه تعیین شدهاست. راندمان استخراج، میزان ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH در این شرایط به ترتیب 14.99 درصد، 56.26 میلی‌گرم بر گرم، 1608.94 میکرومول آهن دو ظرفیتی بر لیتر و 78.80 درصد به‌دست آمد. عصارة بهینۀ استخراج شده از تفالۀ انگور قرمز با استفاده از مخلوط آلژینات کلسیم 0.1 درصد و مالتودکسترین در غلظت‌های 5، 10 و 15 درصد به روش خشک کردن انجمادی ریزپوشانی شد.نتایج تجزیۀ آماری داده‌ها نشان میدهد با افزایش غلظت مواد دیواره، راندمان تولید، رطوبت، دانسیتة توده و قطر متوسط ذرات ریزکپسول‌ها، افزایش مییابد (p <0.05). دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای تمام ریزکپسول‌ها از دمای محیط بیشتر است. پودر ریزپوشانی شده با 15 درصد مالتودکسترین دارای بالاترین ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH و دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنتی اکسیدان؛ پسماند فرآوری؛ پسماند کشاورزی؛ سردشت | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of ultrasound and microencapsulation on characteristics of bioactive compounds of extracted from grape pomace Rashe Sardasht cultivar | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Shahin Zomorodi1؛ Elham Azarpazhooh2؛ Parvin Sharayei3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Research, West Azerbaijan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Urmia, Iran. | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Engineering Research, Khorasan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Research, Khorasan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In this research, the effects of ultrasound and microencapsulation on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of bioactive compounds extracted from red grape of Roshe Sardasht cultivar were investigated. Response surface method was used to study the effects of intensity and process time of ultrasound. Independent variables included ultrasound intensity at three levels 20, 60 and 100% and process time also at three levels 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The results showed that with increasing ultrasound intensity, total phenolic compounds, Ferric reducing activity of plasma (RRAP) and DPPH free radical-scavenging assay increased, but then decreased (p < 0.05). Also with increasing the process time, the RRAP and DPPH assay decreased (P <0.05). , Ultrasound intensity at level of 60% and process time at level of 8.78 minutes were determined as optimum conditions for extraction of aqueous grape pomace. In this condition, the extraction efficiency, total phenolic compounds, the RRAP and DPPH assay were obtained 14.99%, 55.56 mg/g, 1608.94 μmole Fe2+/L and 78.80% respectively. Using the mixture of calcium alginate (0.1%) and maltodextrin with three concentration (5, 10 and 15%), the optimal extract of red grape pomace was microencapsulated by freeze drying method. The results of statistical analysis of the data showed that encapsulation yield, moisture, bulk density and particle size of the microencapsulated powders increased (P <0.05) with increasing the concentration of wall materials. The glass transition temperature of all microcapsules was higher than the ambient temperature. Microencapsulated powder with 15% maltodextrin had the highest phenolic content, FRAP, DPPH assay and glass transition temperature. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Agricultural by-product, Antioxidant, Process by-product, Sardasht | ||
| مراجع | ||
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