| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,081 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,377 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,007,426 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,923,437 |
EFFECT OF LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE ON QUANTITATIVE CHANGES OF SOME ANATOMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ALNUS SUBCORDATA C. A. MEY. LEAVES IN HYRCANIAN FORESTS | ||
| The Iranian Journal of Botany | ||
| دوره 26، شماره 1، شهریور 2020، صفحه 75-90 اصل مقاله (1.92 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research Paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijb.2020.343127.1285 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Rouhangiz Abbas-Azimi* 1؛ Adel Jalili2؛ Gholamreza Bakhshi-Khaniki3؛ Hamid Sobhanian3؛ Mohammed Matinizadeh4 | ||
| 1Payam Noor University and Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran, | ||
| 4Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The effect of ecological factors and their interactions on quantitative changes of 20 anatomical and two morphological traits of leaves in six different populations of Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey. in the west and east of the Hyrcanian forests in three elevation classes include lowland, midland and highland were analyzed and compared. Leaf area, glandular trichomes, thickness of cuticle cells, and stomatal density decreased from west to east and were significantly different in three classes of altitude. There is a positive correlation between traits. Leaf thickness and thickness of adaxial epidermal cells, from west to east, were also significantly influenced by the interaction of ecological features. The decrease rainfall from west to east and altitude have affected the mentioned anatomical traits. Thickness and width of palisade cells, thickness of spongy cells, number of spongy layers and the thickness of the main veins from east to west were not significant, but in terms of elevations, their differences were significant. Also, there was a positive correlation between leaf area, stomatal density, glandular trichome maximal length, cuticle thickness and vein thickness. Number of adaxial collenchymas layers of vein, thickness of vein abaxial parenchyma cells, number of abaxial parenchyma layers of vein and thickness of vascular bundle of vein also increased significantly as altitude increased. Various types of stomata have also been observed in this species. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Leaf anatomy؛ morphology؛ altitude؛ rainfall؛ Guilan؛ Golestan؛ Iran | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| اثر طول و عرض جغرافیایی بر تغییرات کمی برخی از ویژگیهای آناتومیکی و مورفولوژیکی برگ گونهAlnus subcordata C. A. Mey. در جنگل‌های هیرکانی | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| روح‌‌انگیز عباس‌عظیمی1؛ عادل جلیلی2؛ غلامرضا بخشی خانیکی3؛ حمید سبحانیان3؛ محمد متینی زاده4 | ||
| 1دانشگاه پیام نور و محقق مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| 3دانشکده علوم، گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران | ||
| 4مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگل‌ها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| اثر عوامل اکولوژیکی و میان‌کنش آنها بر تغییرات کمی20 صفت آناتومیکی و دو صفت مورفولوژیکی در شش جمعیت مختلف توسکای ییلاقی (Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey.) در غرب و شرق جنگل‌های هیرکانی در سه طبقه ارتفاعی پایین‌بند، میان‌بند و بالابند بررسی و مورد مقایسه آماری قرار گرفت. صفات سطح برگ، کرک‌های غده‌ای، ضخامت سلول‌های کوتیکولی و تراکم روزنه‌ها از غرب به شرق کاهش و در سه طبقه ارتفاع از سطح دریا اختلاف معنی‌دار داشته و بین صفات نیز همبستگی مثبت وجود دارد. ضخامت برگ و ضخامت سلول‌های اپیدرم فوقانی از غرب به شرق روند افزایشی و میان‌کنش ویژگیهای اکولوژیکی نیز معنی‌دار بوده است. ضخامت و پهنای سلول‌های نردبانی، ضخامت سلول‌های اسفنجی، تعداد لایه‌های اسفنجی و ضخامت رگبرگ اصلی از شرق به غرب معنی‌دار نبوده است، اما اختلاف آنها از نظر ارتفاع از سطح دریا معنی‌دار هستند. همچنین، همبستگی مثبت بین سطح برگ، تراکم روزنه، طول کرک، ضخامت کوتیکول با ضخامت رگبرگ نیز دیده می‌شود. تعداد لایه‌های کلانشیم رگبرگ اصلی در سطح تحتانی، ضخامت سلول‌های پارانشیمی و تعداد لایه‌های آن در سطح تحتانی و ضخامت دستجات آوندی در رگبرگ اصلی نیز با تغییر ارتفاع از سطح دریا افزایش معنی‌دار داشته است. تیپ‌های مختلف روزنه نیز در این گونه مشاهده شده است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Leaf anatomy, morphology, altitude, rainfall, Guilan, Golestan, Iran | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Akhani, H., Djamali, M., Ghorbanalizadeh, A. & Ramezani, E. 2010: Plant biodiversity of Hyrcanian relict forests, N Iran: an overview of the flora, vegetation, palaeoecology and conservation. -Pakistan Journal of Botany 42: 231-258.
Al Afas, N., Marron, N. & Ceulemans, R. 2006: Clonal variation in stomatal characteristics related to biomass production of 12 poplar (Populus) clones in a short rotation coppice culture. -Environmental and Experimental Botany 58 (1-3): 279-286.
Amjadi Zanjani, S., Naqinejad, A., Jalili, A., Abbas-Azimi, R. & Tamartash, R. 2013: Study of Anatomy of some endemic tree species in lowland and midland of Hyrcanian forests reflecting climatic conditions of northern Iran. National Conference on Iranian Environmental Research, Faculty of Shahid Muffateh, Hamadan. 15 pp. (in Persian). Araus, J. L., Alegre, L., Tapia, L., Calafell, R. & Serret, M. D. 1986: Relationships between photosynthetic capacity and leaf structure in several shade plants. -American Journal of Botany 73 (12): 1760-1770.
Bayramzadeh, V. 2011: Stomatal characteristics of Fagus orientalis lipsky in geographically separated locations in the Caspian forests of northern Iran. -Research Journal of Environmental Sciences 11 (5): 836-840.
Camargo, M. A. B. & Marenco, R. A. 2011: Density, size and distribution of stomata in 35 rainforest tree species in Central Amazonia. -Acta Amazonica 41 (2): 205-212.
Chen, Z. & Li, J. 2004: Phylogenetics and biogeography of Alnus (Betulaceae) inferred from sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA its region. -International Journal of Plant Sciences 165 (2): 325-335.
Danquash, J. A., Appiah, M. & Ari, P. 2011: Leaf morphometric variation in two species of African Mahoganies: Khaya ivorensis and Khaya anthotheca (Meliaceae). -European Journal of Scientific Research 54: 325-338.
Eensalu, E., Kupper, P., Sellin, A., Rahi, M., Sõber, A. & Kull, O. 2008: Do stomata operate at the same relative opening range along a canopy profile of Betula pendula? -Functional Plant Biology 35 (2): 103-110.
Franks, P. J. & Beerling, D. J. 2009: Maximum leaf conductance driven by CO2 effects on stomatal size and density over geologic time. -Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (25): 10343-10347.
Frey, B., Scheidegger, C., Günthardt-Goerg, M. S. & Matyssek, R. 1996: The effects of ozone and nutrient supply on stomatal response in birch (Betula pendula) leaves as determined by digital as image-analysis and X-ray microanalysis. -New Phytologist 132: 135-143.
Hamzeh'ee, B., Naqinezhad, A., Attar, F., Ghahreman, A., Assadi, M. & Prieditis, N. 2008: Phytosociological survey of remnant Alnus glutinosa ssp. barbata communities in the lowland Caspian forests of northern Iran. -Phytocoenologia 38 (1-2): 117-132.
Hill, K. E., Guerin, G. R., Hill, R. S. & Watling, J. R. 2015: Temperature influences stomatal density and maximum potential water loss through stomata of Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustissima along a latitude gradient in southern Australia. -Australian Journal of Botany 62 (8): 657-665.
Ichie, T., Inoue, Y., Takahashi, N., Kamiya, K. & Kenzo, T. 2016: Ecological distribution of leaf stomata and trichomes among tree species in a Malaysian lowland tropical rain forest. -Journal of Plant Research 129 (4): 625-635.
Jafari, S. M., Zarre, S., Alavipanah, S. K. & Ghahremaninejad, F. 2014: Exploring the generality of associations between plant functional traits: evidence within ecological groups along an altitudinal gradient in H yrcanian forest. -Plant Species Biology 29 (3): E3-E39.
Jafari SM, Zarre S, Alavipanah SK, Ghahremaninejad F 2015: Functional turnover from lowland to montane forests: evidence from the Hyrcanian forest in northern Iran. -iForest 8: 359-367.
Körner, C., Neumayer, M., Menendez-Riedl, S. P. & Smeets-Scheel, A. 1989: Functional morphology of mountain plants. -Flora 182 (5-6): 353-383.
Limin,Y., Mei, H., Guangsheng, Z. & Jiandong, L. 2007: The changes in water-use efficiency and stoma density of Leymus chinensis along Northeast China transect. -Acta Ecologica Sinica 27 (1): 6-23.
Liu, Y., Li, X., Chen, G., Li, M., Liu, M., & Liu, D. 2015: Epidermal micromorphology and mesophyll structure of Populus euphratica heteromorphic leaves at different development stages. -PloS One 10 (9): 1- 16.
Lugg, D. G. & Sinclair, T. R. 1979: Variation in stomatal density with leaf position in field-grown soyabeans. -Crop Science 19: 19-25.
McDonald, P. G., Fonseca, C. R., Overton, J. M. & Westoby, M. 2003: Leaf-size divergence along rainfall and soil-nutrient gradients: is the method of size reduction common among clades? -Functional Ecology 17 (1): 50-57.
Meier, I. C., & Leuschner, C. 2008: Leaf size and leaf area index in Fagus sylvatica forests: competing effects of precipitation, temperature, and nitrogen availability. -Ecosystems 11 (5): 655-669.
Metcalfe, C. R. & Chalk, L. 1950: Anatomy of the Dicotyledons. Vol. II. -Clarendon Press, Oxford. 725-1500 pp.
Muir, C. D. 2018: Light and growth form interact to shape stomatal ratio among British angiosperms. -New Phytologist 218 (1): 242-252.
Naqinezhad, A., Hamzeh’ee, B. & Attar, F. 2008: Vegetation-environment relationships in the alderwood communities of Caspian lowlands, N. Iran (toward an ecological classification). -Flora 203 (7): 567-577
Nisa, S. U., Shah, S. A., Mumtaz, A. S. & Sultan, A. 2019: Stomatal novelties in Vincetoxicum arnottianum (Asclepiadeae: Asclepiadoideae: Apocynaceae). -Flora 260, 151464.
Nurten, A. V. C. I. & Aygün, A. 2014: Determination of stomatal density and distribution on leaves of Turkish Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) cultivars. -Journal of Agricultural Sciences 20 (4): 454-459.
Pääkkönen, E., Vahala, J., Pohjolai, M., Holopainen, T. & Kärenlampi, L. 1998: Physiological, stomatal and ultrastructural ozone responses in birch (Betula pendula Roth.) are modified by water stress. -Plant, Cell & Environment 21: 71-684.
Paridari, I. C., Jalali, S. G., Sonboli, A. & Zarafshar, M. 2012: Leaf, Stomata and Trichome Morphology of the species in Carpinus Genus. -Taxonomy and Biosystematics 4 (10): 11-26. (in Persian).
Poole, I., Weyers, J. D. B., Lawson, T., & Raven, J. A. 1996: Variations in stomatal density and index: implications for palaeoclimatic reconstructions. -Plant, Cell & Environment 19: 705-712.
Pyakurel, A. & Wang, J. R. 2014: Leaf morphological and stomatal variations in paper birch populations along environmental gradients in Canada. -American Journal of Plant Sciences 1508-1520.
Salisbury, E. J. 1927: On Cause and Ecological Significance of Stomata Frequency with Special Reference to Woodland Flora. -Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London Series B 216: 1-65.
Sharafi, M., Naqinejad, A., Jalili, A. & Abbas-Azimi, R. 2013: Study of the most important anatomical features of some tree species along latitude and longitude in the northern Hyrcanian forests lowland. National Conference on Iranian Environmental Research, Faculty of Shahid Muffateh, Hamadan. 11 pp. (in Persian). Shayanmehr, F., Jalali, S. G., Hosseinzadeh Colagar, A., Zare, H. & Yousefzadeh, H. 2014: Morphological variations of genus Alnus in Iran: assessment of five new taxa. -Taxonomy & Biosystematic 6 (18): 45-64. (in Persian).
Shearman, R. C. & Beard, J. B. 1972: Stomatal Density and Distribution in Agrostis as Influenced by Species, Cultivar, and Leaf Blade Surface and Position 1. -Crop Science 12 (6): 822-823.
Shirazi, F. 2015: Effect of site elevation on characteristics of morphology, physiology and anatomy leaf Alder (Alnus subcordata) (Case study: forest Shastkalate of Gorgan). Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural resources, College of Forest Sciences, M.Sc. thesis 96 pp.
Siadati, S., Moradi, H., Attar, F., Etemad, V., Hamzeh’ee, B. & Naqinezhad, A. 2010: Botanical diversity of Hyrcanian forests; a case study of a transect in the Kheyrud protected lowland mountain forests in northern Iran. -Phytotaxa 7 (1): 1-18.
Solárová, J., & Pospišilova, J. 1983: Photosynthetic characteristics during ontogenesis of leaves. 8. Stomatal diffusive conductance and stomatal reactivity. -Photosynthetica 17: 101-151.
Thadani, R., Berlyn, G. P. & Ashton, M. S. 2009: A comparison of leaf physiology and anatomy of two Himalayan oaks in response to different light environments. -Journal of sustainable forestry 28 (1-2): 74-91.
Tian, M., Yu, G., He, N. & Hou, J. 2016: Leaf morphological and anatomical traits from tropical to temperate coniferous forests: Mechanisms and influencing factors. -Scientific Report 6: 19703.
Valladares, F. 2008: A Mechanistic View of the Capacity of Forests to Cope with Climate Change. In: Bravo F., Jandl R., LeMay V., von Gadow K. (eds) Managing Forest Ecosystems: The Challenge of Climate Change. -Managing Forest Ecosystems, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht.
Velízquez‐Rosas, N., Meave, J. & Vízquez‐Santana, S. 2002: Elevational Variation of Leaf Traits in Montane Rain Forest Tree Species at La Chinantla, Southern México1. -Biotropica 34 (4): 534-546.
Weyers, J. D. B. & Lawson T. 1997: Heterogeneity in stomatal characteristics. -Advances in Botanical Research 26: 317-352.
Xu, F., Guo, W., Xu, W., Wei, Y. & Wang, R. 2009: Leaf morphology correlates with water and light availability: what consequences for simple and compound leaves? -Progress in Natural Science 19 (12): 1789-1798.
Zhang, S. B., Guan, Z. J., Sun, M., Zhang, J. J., Cao, K. F. & Hu, H. 2012: Evolutionary Association of Stomatal Traits with Leaf Vein Density in Paphiopedilum, Orchidaceae. -PLoS One 7 (6): e40080.
Zhi-Duan, C. & Zhi-Yun, Z. 1991: A study on foliar epidermis in Betulaceae. -Journal of systematics and Evolution 29 (2): 156-163.
Zohary, M. 1973: Geobotanical Foundations of the Middle East. 2 vols., Gustav Fisher Verlag, -Stuttgart. 739 pp. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 814 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 887 |
||