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بررسی اثر بیمارگری سویههای Bacillus thuringiensis بومی خاک‌های زراعی ایران روی پروانه برگ خوار مصری پنبه Spodoptera littoralis | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 10، دوره 7، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 13، شهریور 1398، صفحه 143-155 اصل مقاله (921.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2019.121888 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| زهرا معقولی فرد1؛ رسول مرزبان* 2؛ شهرام حسامی3؛ غلامرضا صالحی جوزانی4؛ رضا شرفی4 | ||
| 1بخش گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات فارس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 2بخش تحقیقات کنترل بیولوژیک، ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﮔﻴﺎه ﭘﺰﺷﻜﻲ، ﺳﺎزﻣﺎن ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت آﻣﻮزش و ﺗﺮوﻳﺞ ﻛﺸﺎورزی، ﺗﻬﺮان، اﻳﺮان | ||
| 3بخش گیاه‌پزشکی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران | ||
| 4بخش تحقیقات بیوتکنولوژی میکروبی، پژوهشگاه بیوتکنولوژی کشاورزی ایران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| پروانه برگخوار مصری پنبه (Boisduval) Spodoptera littoralis، آفتی همه چیزخوار با دامنه میزبانی وسیع است که همه ساله خسارت قابل توجهی به محصولات کشاورزی وارد میکند. مشخص شده است که همه سویههای Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) روی این آفت مؤثر نیستند و سویههای کمی با توجه به توکسین‌های پروتئینی خود روی آن مؤثرند. هدف از اجرای تحقیق حاضر، دستیابی به سویههای Btبومی با قابلیت کنترل پروانه برگخوار مصری و بررسی تاثیر محیط کشت تکثیر باکتری بر قابلیت حشره‌کشی سویههای منتخب بود. بدین منظور، قدرت بیمارگری 118 سویه بومی Bt(رشد داده شده در محیط R2NB) روی لاروهای پنج روزه پروانه برگخوار مصری پنبه در دمای 27 درجه سلسیوس روی غذای مصنوعی بررسی و غربال شدند. درصد مرگ و میر 118 سویه باکتری با غلظت 103 اسپور در میلی‌لیتر نشان داد که چهار سویه GON–9، QM–2، GN–13 و QM–1 به ترتیب با 33/93، 70، 67/46 و 33/43 درصد، بالاترین میزان مرگ و میر و سویه هایGN–12 ،EN–2 ،GON–12 ،GON–7،CHI–2 ،AGI–7 ،AGI–3 وAGI–2 روی لاروهای S. littoralis بی‌تأثیر بودند. سپس سویههای مؤثر در دو محیط کشتNutrient Broth و R2NB تکثیر شده، روی آفت مذکور ارزیابی شدند. نتایج نشان داد چهار سویه منتخب در محیط کشت R2NB نسبت به NB روی لاروهای پروانه برگخوار مصری اثر کشندگی بیشتری داشتند و تفاوت آنها معنی‌دار بود. همچنین محتویات ژنهای cry خصوصا ژن cry2Ab در سویههای مؤثر مورد بررسی و ردیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج واکنش زنجیرهای پلیمراز نشان داد که سویههای QM–1، QM–2 و GON–9 حاوی ژن cry2Ab هستند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| قدرت بیمارگری؛ پروانه برگخوار مصری پنبه؛ محیط کشت؛ Spodoptera littoralis Bacillus thuringiensis؛ cry genes | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Pathogenic effects of Bacillus thuringiensis native Iranian soil strains on Egyptian cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis Z. | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Zahra Magholi Fard1؛ Rasoul Marzban2؛ Shahram Hesami3؛ Gholam Reza Salehi Jouzani4؛ Reza Sharafi4 | ||
| 1Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 2Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 3Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran | ||
| 4Microbial Biotechnology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| The Egyptian cotton leafworm is a polyphagous pest with a broad range of hosts causing annually significant damage to agricultural crops. It has been found that no all strain of Bacillus thuringiesis are effective on this pest and small numbers of the isolates are effective due to the contents of their crystalline proteins. The aim of the present study was to obtain native isolates of Bt that were capable of controlling and investigate the effect of growth medium of Bt on the insecticidal ability of selected isolates. Hence, the pathogenicity of 118 native isolates of B. thuringiesis cultivated in R2NB medium were determined on five–day–old larvae of Spodptera.littoralis at 27 °C on artificial diet. The mortality rate of 118 native isolates of Bt with a concentration of 103 spore ml–1 illustrated that the highest mortality rates belong to four isolates GON–9, QM–2, GN–13 and QM–1 with 93.33, 70, 46.67 and 43.43, respectively. In addition, GN–12, EN–2, GON–7, CHI–2, AGI–7, AGI–3 and AGI–2 isolates were ineffective on S. littoralis larvae. Then, the effective isolates grown in nutrient broth and R2NB medium were evaluated on mentioned pest. The results showed that the four selected isolates were more lethal on R2NB medium than NB on larvae of Egyptian cotton leafworm and their differences were significant. Also, the content of cry genes particularly cry 2Ab in effective isolates were examined and traced. The outcomes of polymerase chain reaction demonstrated QM–1, QM–2 and GON–9 have cry 2Ab. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| pathogenicity, Egyptian cotton leafworm, Bacillus thuringiesis, medium, cry gene | ||
| مراجع | ||
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