| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 3,230 |
| تعداد مقالات | 35,784 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 54,005,923 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 93,165,923 |
نقش حمایت دانشگاهی در شکلگیری قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کارشناسی کشاورزی: مقایسه دو دانشگاه بوعلیسینا همدان و سمنگان افغانستان | ||
| پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 11، شماره 51، اسفند 1398، صفحه 108-125 اصل مقاله (964.21 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/jaear.2020.341247.1679 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| سعید کریمی* 1؛ فاطمه سپهوند2؛ احمد سلمان مکریت3 | ||
| 1استادیارگروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا | ||
| 2دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا. | ||
| 3دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد نوآوری و کارآفرینی کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا. | ||
| چکیده | ||
| برای درک بهتر قصد و رفتار کارآفرینانه، عوامل محیطی باید مد نظر قرار گیرند؛ اما در ادبیات تحقیق تاثیر این عوامل بر رفتار فردی کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. در این پژوهش، بر پایهی نظریهی رفتار برنامهریزی شده، رابطه حمایت دانشگاهی با قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی در دو کشور همسایه و فارسی زبان ایران و افغانستان بررسی شد. جامعه مورد مطالعه شامل 1250 دانشجوی کارشناسی کشاورزی در دانشگاه بوعلی سینا (650 تن) و دانشگاه سمنگان افغانستان (600 تن) بود که با استفاده از جدول بارتلت و روش نمونهگیری تصادفی طبقهای با انتساب متناسب، 452 تن از آنها (231 نفر از دانشگاه بوعلی سینا در ایران و 221 نفر از دانشگاه سمنگان در افغانستان) برگزیده شدند و دادههای مطالعه با استفاده از پرسشنامه استاندارد شده از آنها گردآوری شد. روایی شکلی پرسشنامه با نظر اعضای هیأت علمی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا تأیید شد. پایایی ابزار پژوهش نیز با استفاده از محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ برای مقیاسهای اصلی پرسشنامه (در دامنه بین 81/0تا 92/0) ارزیابی و تایید شد. دادههای پژوهش با استفاده از مدلیابی معادلههای ساختاری و روش حداقل مربع جزیی تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که حمایت دانشگاهی رابطه مثبت و معنیداری با نگرش و کنترل رفتار درک شده دارد و از سوی دیگر، نگرش و کنترل رفتار درک شده هر دو به طور مثبتی بر قصد کارآفرینانه تاثیر دارند. نتایج این مطالعه به درک تاثیر حمایت دانشگاهی بر قصد کارآفرینانه و پیشآیندهای آن در دو کشور فارسی زبان و در حال توسعه کمک میکند. نتایج همچنین نشان میدهند که اهمیت نسبی عوامل انگیزشی (یعنی نگرش، هنجارهای ذهنی و کنترل رفتاری درک شده) و پیشایند آنها (یعنی حمایت دانشگاهی) در دو کشور بسیار شبیه هستند و از کاربرد موفق نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده در پیش بینی قصد کارآفرینانه در کشورهای غیرغربی حمایت میکنند. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| قصد کارآفرینانه؛ نظریه رفتار برنامهریزی شده؛ حمایت دانشگاهی درک شده؛ دانشجویان کشاورزی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The Role of Perceived University Support in the Formation of Undergraduate Agriculture Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: Comparing Bu-Ali Sina and Samangan Universities | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| saeed Karimi1؛ FAtemeh Sepahvand2؛ Ahmad Salman Makreet3 | ||
| 1Assistance professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| 2PhD Student of Agricultural development, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| 3Master Student of Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to understand better entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors, we need to consider environmental factors, however, less attention has been paid to the effect of these factors on the individual behavior in the literature. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), this study aimed to examine the relationship between perceived university support and students’ entrepreneurial intentions in tow Persian-speaking countries namely Iran and Afghanistan. The study's population included 1250 undergraduate agriculture students at Bu-Ali Sina University (N=650) and Samangan University in Afghanistan (N=600) in 2019 academic year, which 452 of them were selected using Bartlet’s table and proportional stratified random sampling. Study data were collected through a standardized questionnaire. Validity of the questionnaire was approved based on the opinions of faculty members at Bu-Ali Sina University. The reliability of the research instrument was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficients (in the range of 0.81 to 0.92). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and the partial least square (PLS) method. The results indicate that along with positive attitude and perceived behavioral control that are directly related to entrepreneurial intentions, university support also has an indirect but significant impact on shaping of entrepreneurial intention among students. The relative importance of the motivational factors (attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control) and its antecedent (university support) appears to be broadly similar in the two countries and add support to the applicability of the TPB model in predicting entrepreneurial intentions in non-western countries. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Entrepreneurial Intentions, Theory of Planned Behavior, Perceived University Support, Agriculture students | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
کریمی، سعید. (1394). بررسی آثار مستقیم، غیرمستقیم و تعدیلی محیط نهادی بر قصد کارآفرینانة دانشجویان کشاورزی. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی, 8 (2), 371-390. کریمی، سعید؛ ملامیرزایی، فرشید و موحدی (1395). تأثیر آموزش کارآفرینی و سودمندی آن بر قصد کارآفرینانهی دانشجویان کشاورزی دانشگا ههای غرب کشور. فصلنامه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی، 8 (38)، 65-51. کریمی، سعید. (1395). بررسی نقش هوش هیجانی در توسعه قصد کارآفرینانه دانشجویان کشاورزی (مطالعه موردی: دانشگاههای بوعلیسینا، رازی، کردستان و لرستان). علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران، 12 (1)، 71-84. کریمی، سعید؛ بیمنز، هارم؛ چیذری، محمد و مولدر، مارتین. (1391). بررسی تأثیر عوامل محیطی و فرهنگی بر قصد کارآفرینانهی دانشجویان کشاورزی. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی، 5 (3)، 105-124.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50 (2), 179-211. Ajzen, I. (2011). The theory of planned behaviour: Reactions and reflections. Psychology and Health, 26, 1113–1127. Audia, P. G., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. (2000). The paradox of success: An archival and a laboratory study of strategic persistence following radical environmental change. Academy of Management journal, 43 (5), 837-853. Urban, B., & Kujinga, L. (2017). The institutional environment and social entrepreneurship intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 23 (4), 638-655. Bae, T. J., Qian, S., Miao, C., & Fiet, J. O. (2014). The relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intentions: A meta–analytic review. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 38 (2), 217-254. Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: Freeman. Choi, K., Park, J., Cho, D., & Chu, H. Y. (2017). The impact of university support on the creation of student entrepreneurs: Evidence from South Korea. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 8 (1). Engle, R. L., Dimitriadi, N., Gavidia, J. V., Schlaegel, C., Delanoe, S., Alvarado, I.,... & Wolff, B. (2010). Entrepreneurial intent: A twelve-country evaluation of Ajzen's model of planned behavior. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 16 (1), 35-57. Engle, R. L., Schlaegel, C., & Dimitriadi, N. (2011). Institutions and entrepreneurial intent: A cross-country study. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 16 (02), 227-250. Fayolle, A., & Liñán, F. (2014). The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Research, 67 (5), 663-666. Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. Psychology press. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Gudergan, S. P. (2017). Advanced issues in partial least squares structural equation modeling. Sage Publications. Hallam, C., Zanella, G., Dorantes Dosamantes, C. A., & Cardenas, C. (2016). Measuring entrepreneurial intent? Temporal construal theory shows it depends on your timing. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 22 (5), 671-697. Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial management & data systems, 116 (1), 2-20. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological methods, 3 (4), 424. Iakovleva, T., Kolvereid, L., & Stephan, U. (2011). Entrepreneurial intentions in developing and developed countries. Education+ Training, 53 (5), 353-370. Iglesias-Sánchez, P. P., Jambrino-Maldonado, C., Velasco, A. P., & Kokash, H. (2016). Impact of entrepreneurship programmes on university students. Education+ Training, 58 (2), 209-228. Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education: A study of Iranian students' entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity identification. Journal of Small Business Management, 54 (1), 187-209. Karimi, S., JA Biemans, H., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2014). Effects of role models and gender on students’ entrepreneurial intentions. European Journal of Training and Development, 38 (8), 694-727. Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Naderi Mahdei, K., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2017). Testing the relationship between personality characteristics, contextual factors and entrepreneurial intentions in a developing country. International Journal of Psychology, 52 (3), 227-240. Karimi, S. (2019). The role of entrepreneurial passion in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Applied Economics, 52 (3), 331-344. Kautonen, T., van Gelderen, M., and Fink, M. (2015). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39 (3), 655–674. Kolvereid, L., and Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21 (6), 866-885. Kraaijenbrink, J., Bos, G., & Groen, A. (2009). What do students think of the entrepreneurial support given by their universities? International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 9 (1), 110–125. Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing, 15 (5-6), 411-432. Laguía González, A., Jaén, I., Topa, G., & Moriano, J. (2019). University environment and entrepreneurial intention: the mediating role of the components of the theory of planned behaviour. Revista de Psicología Social, 34 (1), 137-167. Li, Y., Wang, J., & Long, D. (2019). How do Institutions Inspire Ambitions? Differentiating Institutional Effects on Entrepreneurial Growth Intentions: Evidence from China. Entrepreneurship Research Journal. Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross–cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 33 (3), 593-617. Liñán, F., & Santos, F. J. (2007). Does social capital affect entrepreneurial intentions? International Advances in Economic Research, 13 (4), 443-453. Lortie, J., & Castogiovanni, G. (2015). The theory of planned behavior in entrepreneurship research: What we know and future directions. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11, 935–957. Lüthje, C., & Franke, N. (2003). The ‘making’of an entrepreneur: testing a model of entrepreneurial intent among engineering students at MIT. R&d Management, 33 (2), 135-147. Martin, B. C., McNally, J. J., & Kay, M. J. (2013). Examining the formation of human capital in entrepreneurship: A meta-analysis of entrepreneurship education outcomes. Journal of Business Venturing, 28 (2), 211-224. Mcgrath, R. G., & MacMillan, I. C. (1992). More Like Each Other Than Anyone Else - a Cross-Cultural-Study of Entrepreneurial Perceptions. Journal of Business Venturing, 7 (5), 419-429. Moriano, J. A., Gorgievski, M., Laguna, M., Stephan, U., & Zarafshani, K. (2012). A cross-cultural approach to understanding entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Career Development, 39 (2), 162-185. Mueller, S. L., & Thomas, A. S. (2001). Culture and entrepreneurial potential: A nine country study of locus of control and innovativeness. Journal of Business Venturing, 16 (1), 51-75. Munir, H., Jianfeng, C., & Ramzan, S. (2019). Personality traits and theory of planned behavior comparison of entrepreneurial intentions between an emerging economy and a developing country. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 25 (3), 554-580. Nabi G., & Linan F. (2013). Considering business start-up in recession time: The role of risk perception and economic context in shaping the entrepreneurial intent. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 19 (6), 633-655. Nguyen, T. V., Bryant, S. E., Rose, J., Tseng, C. -H., & Kapasuwan, S. (2009). Cultural values, market institutions, and entrepreneurship potential: A comparative study of the United States, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 14 (01), 21–37. Nitzl, C., Roldan, J. L., & Cepeda, G. (2016). Mediation analysis in partial least squares path modeling: Helping researchers discuss more sophisticated models. Industrial management & data systems, 116 (9), 1849-1864. Premand, P., Brodmann, S., Almeida, R., Grun, R., & Barouni, M. (2016). Entrepreneurship education and entry into self-employment among university graduates. World Development, 77, 311-327. Ringle, C. M., Wende, S., & Becker, J. -M. (2017). SmartPLS-3. SmartPLS GmbH, Boenningstedt. Roundy, P. T. (2017). Hybrid organizations and the logics of entrepreneurial ecosystems. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13 (4), 1221-1237. Saeed, S., Yousafzai, S. Y., Yani‐De‐Soriano, M., & Muffatto, M. (2015). The role of perceived university support in the formation of students' entrepreneurial intention. Journal of small business management, 53 (4), 1127-1145. Schlaegel, C., & Koenig, M. (2014). Determinants of entrepreneurial intent: a meta‐analytic test and integration of competing models. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 38 (2), 291-332. Sesen, H. (2013). Personality or environment? A comprehensive study on the entrepreneurial intentions of university students. Education+ Training, 55 (7), 624-640. Shi, L., Yao, X., & Wu, W. (2019). Perceived university support, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, heterogeneous entrepreneurial intentions in entrepreneurship education. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies. Trivedi, R. H. (2017). Entrepreneurial-intention constraint model: A comparative analysis among post-graduate management students in India, Singapore and Malaysia. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 13 (4), 1239-1261. Turker, D., & Sonmez Selçuk, S. (2009). Which factors affect entrepreneurial intention of university students?. Journal of European industrial training, 33 (2), 142-159. Vaillant, Y., & Lafuente, E. (2007). Do different institutional frameworks condition the influence of local fear of failure and entrepreneurial examples over entrepreneurial activity?. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19 (4), 313-337. Walter, A., Auer, M., & Ritter, T. (2006). The impact of network capabilities and entrepreneurial orientation on university spin-off performance. Journal of business venturing, 21 (4), 541-567. Zampetakis, L. A., Bakatsaki, M., Litos, C., Kafetsios, K. G., & Moustakis, V. (2017). Gender-based differential item functioning in the application of the theory of planned behavior for the study of entrepreneurial intentions. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 451. Zhang, P., Wang, D. D., & Owen, C. L. (2015). A study of entrepreneurial intention of university students. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 5 (1), 61-82. Zollo, L., Laudano, M. C., Ciappei, C., & Zampi, V. (2017). Factors affecting universities’ ability to foster students’ entrepreneurial behavior: An empirical investigation. Journal of Management Development, 36 (2), 268–285. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,001 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 560 |
||