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بررسی تاثیر اندازه های مختلف بذر ذرت هیبرید در زمان های مختلف کاشت بر کارایی ظهور گیاهچه در مزرعه | ||
| علوم و فناوری بذر ایران | ||
| مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 17، خرداد 1399، صفحه 83-97 اصل مقاله (693.42 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/ijsst.2019.114668.1119 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عنایت رضوانی خورشیدی* 1؛ فرشید حسنی2؛ محمد رضا شیری3؛ مهران شرفی زاده4؛ عزیز مرادی5؛ محمد رحمانی2؛ آیدین حمیدی6؛ مصطفی عربی7 | ||
| 1محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال کرج، ایران | ||
| 2محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال | ||
| 3محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی اردبیل (مغان) | ||
| 4محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی صفی آباد دزفول | ||
| 5محقق، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی کرمانشاه | ||
| 6عضو هیات علمی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی- موسسه تحقیقات ثبت و گواهی بذر و نهال | ||
| 7کارشناس، معاونت زارعت وزارت جهاد کشاورزی | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثر اندازه بذر ذرت هیبرید (رقم KSC704) در زمانهای مختلف کاشت بر شاخصهای مربوط به درصد، سرعت، قدرت و یکنواختی ظهور بذر در مزرعه، آزمایشی دو ساله بصورت فاکتوریل در کرج اجرا شد. در هر کرت، والد مادری (لاین B73) کاشته شده در سه تاریخ مختلف توسط والد پدری همان کرت (لاین Mo17) گرده افشانی گردید. بعد از برداشت، درصد وزنی اندازه های مختلف بذر هر تاریخ کاشت تعیین و به تفکیک در سال بعد در مزرعه کشت شدند. در سال اول، بذر متوسط و در سال دوم، بذر پهن بطور معنیداری بالاترین درصد ظهور گیاهچه در مزرعه و بذر گرد در هر دو سال پایینترین درصد را نتیجه دادند. بذر پهن در هر دو سال گیاهچه هایی با بالاترین وزن خشک را تولید کردند. اما از نظر یکنواختی ظهور گیاهچه، بذرهای متوسط نسبت به دو اندازه و شکل دیگر برتری داشتند. با وجود برتری بذر پهن در برخی شاخصهای مرتبط با ظهور گیاهچه و بوته در مزرعه، برتر بودن یک موضوع قطعی نبوده و در برخی شاخصهای مهم ظهور، بسته به شرایط محیطی رشد و نمو بذر در روی بلال بوته مادری و نیز فشردگی بذرها در نقاط مختلف بلال، بذر متوسط و حتی گرد بر اساس شرایط محیطی کاشت و اهداف مورد نظر در زمان کاشت برتری داشت. در صورتیکه بوته های قویتری مورد نیاز باشد، بذر پهن، ولی در صورتیکه سرعت ظهور و یکنواختی بالاتری مد نظر باشد بذر متوسط و حتی گرد میتواند مناسبتر باشد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بذر ذرت؛ لاین مادری؛ زمان کاشت؛ اندازه و شکل بذر؛ استقرار | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Investigation the effect of different sizes of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) seed at different sowing dates on the emergence performance of seedling in field | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Enayat Rezvani Khorshidi1؛ Farshid Hasani2؛ Mohammad Reza SHiri3؛ Mehran Sharafizadeh4؛ Aziz Moradi5؛ Mohammad Rahmani2؛ Aidin Hamidi6؛ Mostafa Arabi7 | ||
| 1researcher, AREEO, SPCRI of Iran | ||
| 2Researcher, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization- Seed and Plant Certification and Registration research Institute (SPCRI) | ||
| 3Researcher, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization- Ardabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center | ||
| 4Researcher, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization- Safiabad Agricultural Research Center, Dezful | ||
| 5Researcher, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization- Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center | ||
| 6Researcher, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization- Seed and Plant Certification and Registration research Institute (SPCRI) | ||
| 7Expert, Deputy of Agronomy, Ministry of Jihad-e-Agriculture | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to study the effect of seed size of hybrid maize (KSC704) at different sowing times on the indices related to percentage, rate, vigor and uniformity of seed emergence in the field, an experiment was conducted in two years 2012 and 2013 as a factorial design in Karaj. The female rows (B73 inbred line) were pollinated by male rows (Mo17 inbred line) in each plot. After different seed were determined, they cultivated in the field in the next year. Medium seeds in the first year and flat seeds in the second year had significantly the highest field emergence percentages nad round seeds had the lowest in both years. Flat seeds produced seedlings with the highest dry weight in both years. But in the aspect of emergence uniformity of seedling, medium seeds had a higher uniformity than the others. Despite the superiority of flat seeds in some indices, its superiority was not a definite issue, and in some of the important emergence indices, medium and even the round size had better field performance, depending on the environmental conditions of growth and development of the seeds on the ears of mother plant and at sowing time, and the compression of the seeds in different points of the ear, as well as desired purpose of cultivation. If vigorous seedlings are needed, the flat seeds, but if a higher emergence rate and uniformity is desired, the medium seeds and even round seeds can be better suited | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| maize seed, female line, sowing time, sizing, establishment | ||
| مراجع | ||
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