| تعداد نشریات | 282 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 80 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 36,058 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,183,956 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 94,183,470 |
کنترل گل جالیز در آفتابگردان با استفاده از علف کش گلای فوسیت | ||
| دانش علف‌های هرز ایران | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 3، شماره 1، شهریور 1386، صفحه 79-89 اصل مقاله (197.51 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| یوسف فیلی زاده1؛ فائزه سدیدی2 | ||
| 1دکتری | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گل آفتابگردان میزبان حساسی برای علف هرز انگلی گل جالیز در ایران می‌باشد که خسارت معنی‌داری به این گیاه به دلیل آلودگی بالا ایجاد می‌کند. بر همین اساس آزمایشی مزرعه ای برای ارزیابی تاثیر علف کش گلیفوسیت در کنترل علف هرز انگلی گل جالیز در مزارع آفتابگردان قزوین در سال 1385 انجام گرفت. در این تحقیق علف‌کش گلیفوسیت مقادیر در 075/0، 150/0، 225/0، 350/0 و 450/0 کیلوگرم معادل اسید در هکتار) و دو زمان مختلف بکار برده شد. نتایج نشان داد که مطلوب‌ترین میزان کنترل گل جالیز در غلظت‌های 225/0 و 350/0 کیلوگرم در هکتار گلیفوسیت و در هر دو زمان مصرف بدست آمد. مقدار ماده خشک اندام‌های هوایی گل جالیز دو مقدار مصرف یاد شده در مقایسه با شاهد بطور معنی‌داری و به ترتیب 75 و 5/87 درصد کاهش یافت. گلیفوسیت به مقدار 075/0 کیلوگرم در هکتار بعد از یک مرحله کاربرد، قادر به کنترل مطلوب گل جالیز نبود، اگر چه نتیجه کنترل بعد از دو مرحله کاربرد در این مقدار، مطلوب ارزیابی گردید. تقریبا هیچ اندام هوایی از گل جالیز در مقدار 450/0 کیلوگرم ماده موثر در هکتار بعد از دو مرحله کاربرد مشاهده نگردید، اگر چه در این غلظت بدلیل تنش، عملکرد دانه آفتابگردان نسبت به تیمار 225/0 کیلوگرم در هکتار 63 درصد کاهش یافت. پس از دو مرحله کاربرد گلیفوسیت در همه غلظت‌های مورد آزمایش گل جالیز رشد مجدد نکرد. | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Broomrape Control in Sunflower with Glyphosate | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| yousef filizadeh1؛ faeize sadidi2 | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Sunflower (Helinathus annuus) is a susceptible host to the holoparasite hemp broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) in central parts of Iran, causing yield loss due to severe infestations. A field study was conducted in 2006 to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate for controlling the parasitic weed hemp broomrape in sunflower. Glyphosate was applied once or twice at five rates ranging from 0.075 to 0.450 kg ae ha-1. Most efficient control was obtained from once or twice application of gyphosae at 0.225 and 0.350 kg ae ha-1 at both application times. There were a significant reduction in hemp broomrape dry weight at 0.225 and 0.350 kg ae ha-1 (75 and 87.5 %), respectively compared to control. Glyphosate at 0.075 kg ae ha-1 was not sufficient enough to provide acceptable control, but duplicating the application of this rate provided good control of weed. Nearly no hemp broomrape shoot and dry weight were measured when glyphosate was applied twice at 0.450 kg ae ha-1. However, sunflower grain yield loss (63%) resulting from glyphosate toxicity at 0.450 kg ae ha-1 was observed when applied twice, compared to its application at 0.225 kg ae ha-Correspondence to: Y. Filizadeh, filizadeh@shahed.ac.ir Results showed that hemp broomrape was unable to survive after the twice application of glyphosate at 0.225 or 0.350 kg ae ha-1. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| herbicide, parasitic plants, host | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Al-Menoufi, O. A. 1994. The Orobanche problem and management in Egypt. In: Pieterse,
A.H., et al. (Ed.), Biology and Management of Orobanche. Royal Tropical Institute, Amsterdam, pp. 663–671.
Amsellem, Z., Barghouthi, S., Cohen, B., Goldwasser, Y., Gressel, J., Hornok, L., Kerenyi, Z., Kleifeld, Y., Klein, O., Kroschel, J., Sauerborn, J., Muller-Stover, D., Garcia-Torres, L., Lopez-Grandados, F. and Castejon-Munoz, M. 1994. Pre-emergence herbicides for the control of broomrape (Orobanche cernua Loefl.) in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Weed Research 34: 395–402.
Arjona-Berral, A., Mesa-García, J. and García-Torres L. 1988. Herbicide control of broomrapes in peas and lentils. FAO Plant Prot. Bull 36:175-78.
Arjona-Berral, A., Mesa-García, J. and García-Torres L. 1990. Distribution of 14C-glyphosate in legumes parasitised by Orobanche crenata. Weed Research 30: 53-59.
Baird, D. D., Upchurch, W. B., Homesley, W. B. and Franz, J. E. 1971. Introduction of a new broad spectrum postemergence herbicide class with utility for herbaceous perennial weed control. Proc. North Cent. Weed Control Conf. 26:64-68.
Cubero, J. I., and Moreno, M. T. 1979. Agronomic control and sources of resistance in Vicia faba and Orobanche sp. In D. A. Bond, G. T. Scarascia-Mugnozza, and M. H. Poulsen, eds. Some current research on Vicia faba in Western Europe. Commission of the European Communities, pp. 41-80.
Coupland, D. 1984. The effect of temperature on activity and metabolism of glyphosate applied to rhizome fragments of Elymus repens (= Agropyron repens). Pesticide Science 15: 226-34.
Colquhoum, J. B., Eizenberg, H. and Mallory, C. A. 2006. Herbicide placement site affects small broomrape (Orbanche minor) control in red clover (Trifolium pretense). Weed Science 20: 356-360.
Devine, M. D. and Bandeen, J. D. 1983. Fate of glyphosate in Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. growing under low temperature conditions. Weed Research 23: 69-75.
Foy, C. L., Jain, R. and Jacobsohn, R. 1989. Recent approaches for chemical control of broomrape (Orobanche spp.). Rev. Weed Science 4:123-52.
Gottrup, O., O'Sullivan, P. A., Schraa, R. J. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1976. Uptake, translocation, metabolism and selectivity of glyphosate in Canada thistle and leafy spurge. Weed Research 16:197-201.
Gressel, J. 1992. The needs for new herbicide-resistant crops. In: Denholm, I., et al. (Ed.), Achievements and Developments in Combating Pesticide Resistance. Elsevier, London, pp. 283–294.
Gressel, J., Segel, L. E. and Ransom, J. K. 1996. Managing the delay of evolution of herbicide resistance in parasitic weeds. Int. J. Pest Manage. 42: 113–129.
Jacobsohn, R., and Kelman, Y. 1980. Effectiveness of glyphosate in broomrape (Orobanche spp.) control in four crops. Weed Science 28: 692–699.
Jacobsohn, R., and Levy, D. 1986. Glyphosate for Orobanche control in various crops: problems and promises. In: ter Borg, S.J. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Workshop on Biology and Control of Orobanche. Wageningen, The Netherlands, pp. 172–175.
Jain, R. 1987. Physiological aspects of broomrape (Orobanche spp.) parasitism, host specificity, and selective control by glyphosate. Ph.D. Dissertation. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA. 131 p.
Jain, R. and Foy. C. L. 1997. Translocation and metabolism of glyphosate in Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) infested sunflower (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants. PGRSA Quart 25: 1-7.
Kasasian, L. 1973. Control of Orobanche. PANS 19: 368-71.
Kelili, D., Zemgarh, M. and Marliere, A. M. 1983. Broomrape control in Morocco: assessment and future prospects (in French). Compte Rendu de la 12e Conference de COLUMA 195-202.
Kharrat, M. and Halila, M. H. 1996. Control of Orobanche foetida on Vicia faba: comparison between different control measures. In: Moreno, M.T., et al. (Ed.), Advances in Parasitic Plant Research. Junta de Andalucia, Cordoba, Spain, pp. 734–738.
Linke, K. H. and Saxena, M. C. 1991. Study on viability and longevity of Orobanche seed under laboratory conditions. In K. Wegmann and L. J. Musselman, eds. Proc. International Workshop in Orobanche Research. Tübingen, Germany: Eberhard-Karls-Universität, pp. 110-114.
Matthews, J. M. 2002. Herbicide and cropping trials relevant to the eradication of branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) in South Australia. Proc. 13th Australian Weeds Conference Perth. 274-275.
Minbashi Moeini, M. and Mazaheri, A. 2002. Investigation on Integrated control (Mechanical and Biological) of broomrape (Orbanche aegyptiaca) in tomato fields. 15th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, September, Razi University of Kermanshah, p. 127.
Mesa-García, J., Haro, A. and García-Torres, L. 1984. Phytotoxicity and yield response of broadbean (Vicia faba L.) to glyphosate. Weed Science 32: 445-50.
Nandula, V. K., Foy, C. L. and Orcutt, D. M. 1999. Glyphosate for Orobanche aegyptiaca control in Vicia sativa and Brassica napus. Weed Science 47: 486-491.
Parker, C. and Riches, C. R. 1993. Parasitic Weeds of the World: Biology and Control. Wallingford, UK:CAB International. 332 p.
Parker, C., 1986. Scope of the problems caused by Orobanche species. In: Ter Borg, S.J. (Ed.), Biology and control of Orobanche. LH/VPO, Wageningen, pp. 11–17.
Press, M. C. and Graves, J. D. 1995. In: Parasitic Plants. Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 1–292.
Perez-DE-Luque, A. D., Rubiales, D., Cubero, J., Press, M., Scholes, J., Youneyama, K., Takeuchi, Y., Plakhine, D. and Joel, D. 2005. Interaction between Orobanche crenata and its Host Legumes: Unsuccessful Haustorial Penetration and Necrosis of the Developing Parasite. Annals of Botany 95(6): 935-942.
Puzzilli, M. 1983. Tobacco broomrapes and their control and some useful references to other parasite and host species. Rev. Agric. Sub-tropical Tropicale 78: 209-248.
[SAS] Statistical Analysis Systems. 1989. The SAS System for Windows. Version 6.12. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute.
Saghir, A. R., Foy, C. L., Hameed, K. M., Drake, C. R. and Tolin, S. A. 1973. Studies on the biology and control of Orobanche ramosa L. Proc. Eur. Weed Res. Counc. Symp. Parasitic Weeds. Malta, pp. 106-116.
Sauerborn, J. 1991. Parasitic Flowering Plants: Ecology and Management. Weikersheim, Germany: Verlag Josef Margraf. 129 p.
Schmitt, U., Schluter, K. and Boorsma, P. A. 1979. Chemical control of Orobanche crenata in broadbean. FAO Plant Prot. Bull 27:89-91.
Sauerborn, J., Saxena, M. C. and Meyer, A. 1989. Broomrape control in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) with glyphosate and imazaquin. Weed Research 29: 97–102.
Zemrag, A. 1994. Orobanche problem and management in Morocco. In: Pieterse, A.H., et al. (Ed.), Biology and Management of Orobanche. Royal Tropical Inst, Amsterdam, pp. 635–638.
Zermane, N., Kroschel, J., Souissi, T. and Kharra, M. 2001. Investigations on the Orobanche problem in Tunisia. In: Fer, A., et al. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Parasitic Weed Symposium. Nantes, France, pp. 46.
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 4,220 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,707 |
||