Effects of Floodwater Spreading on the Vegetation Indices in the Poshtkooh Rangelands, Keyasar | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| Article 5, Volume 33, Issue 4 - Serial Number 129, January 2021, Pages 47-60 PDF (1.49 M) | ||
| Document Type: Research | ||
| DOI: 10.22092/wmej.2020.128231.1274 | ||
| Authors | ||
| Parviz Gholami* 1; Fatemeh Jalilian2; Bahareh Behmanesh3; Majid Mohammad Esmaeili4 | ||
| 1Ph.D. of Rangeland sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University | ||
| 2M.Sc. of Range Management, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University | ||
| Abstract | ||
| Floodwater spreading (FS) is an efficient and appropriate method for the optimization of runoff utilization, particularly in arid and semiarid region. Beside the reduction of damage caused by the flooding, this technique is also useful in the artificial recharge of groundwater and rangeland restoration. Effects of floodwater spreading on species composition and functional groups were assessed in the Poshtkooh Rangelands of Sari in the Mazandaran Province. Vegetation sampling was evaluated in the FS area, enclosure and a without floodwater spreading (grazing). Sampling was carried out at representative and homogeneous areas of each treatment by the random-systematic method, thus the canopy cover of each plant species was measured in 90 plots of 1 m2/each. Results showed that there were 53 species in floodwater spreading area and 43 species in the enclosure but only 24 species were present in the control area spreading or grazing. Among the studied plant families. The canopy cover of Brassicaceae, Poaceae and Fabaceae was increased by floodwater spreading, shrubs and Chamophytes showed a significant reduction from due to FS as compare with the control area. Comparison of the most functional groups also indicated a reduction in their canopy cover percentage with an increase in floodwater spreading and enclosure. The multivariate analysis showed that the species composition and functional groups of the study area were affected by the FS practices and enclosure; that important and valuable species such as Agropyron elongatum and Onobrychis altissima responded most to such practice. To sum up, our results clearly showed that the FS practices carried out in the area had a positive effect on species composition and functional groups. | ||
| Keywords | ||
| Ecological restoration; enclosure; functional groups; Mazandaran province; runoff harvesting | ||
| References | ||
|
Aghasi MJ, Bahmaniar MA, Akbarzadeh M. 2006. Comparison of the effects of exclusion and water spreading on vegetation and soil paprameters in Keyasar rangelands, Mazandaran province. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources. 13 (4): 18–30. (In Persian). Alizadeh A. 2013 The principles of applied hydrology. 36th Edition, Imam Reza (AS) University, Mashhad. 815 p. Atarod E, Baghestani N, Barkhordari j, Mirjalili AB. 2018. Effects of flood water spreading on vegetation cover characteristics (Case study: Serizi- Bafgh Plain in Yazd Province). Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research. 25 (2): 297–289. (In Persian). Barkhordari J, Zare mehrjardi M, Yousefi M. 2014. Impact of flood water spreading on soil and vegetation parameters in Sarchahan station- Hormozgan. Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 27 (2): 33-42. (In Persian). Bayat movahed F, Mousavi SA. 2007. Study of water spreading impact on plant species changes in Zanjan. Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research. 14 (2): 222–231. (In Persian). Branson FA. 1956. Range forage production changes on a water spreader in southeastern Montana. Journal of Range Manage. 9: 187–191. Capon SJ. 2005. Flood variability and spatial variation in plant community composition and structure on a large arid floodplain. Journal of Arid Environments. 60 (2): 283–302. Dahmardeh Ghaleno MR, Nohtani M, Askari Dehno S. 2019. Studying impact of flood water spreading on changes of vegetation and topsoil in koh khajeh flood spreading station, Sistan. Journal of Watershed Engineering and Management. 11 (1): 211–219. (In Persian). De Jager NR, Thomsen M, Yin Y. 2012. Threshold effects of flood duration on the vegetation and soils of the upper Mississippi river floodplain. USA. Forest Ecology and Management. 270: 135–146. Derakhshi M, Eskandari Torbaghan M, Ghasemi Arian AR, NejadMohammad Nameghi AR. 2017. Improvement in some soil characteristics and vegetative cover through spate irrigation in Jahanabad Torbate Jam. Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 30 (3): 33–42. (In Persian). Forouzeh R, Heshmati GA. 2009. Investigation the effect of floodwater spreading on some of the characteristics of vegetation and soil surface parameters (Case study: Gareh Bygone plain). Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 21 (2): 11–20. (In Persian). Gholami P, Ghorbani J, Shokri M. 2013. Species diversity changes of standing vegetation and soil seed bank in exclosure and grazing area (Case study: Mahoor Mamasani rangelands, Fars Province). Iranian Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research. 20 (4): 745–755. (In Persian). Ghorbani J, Dowlati P, Heydari GH. 2015. Effects of floodwater spreading on the vegetation and soil in an arid rangeland. Journal of Arid Land Research and Management. 29 (3): 473–486. Hayashi H, Shimatani y, Shigematsu K, Nishihiro J, Ikematsu S, Kawaguchi Y. 2012. A study of seed dispersal by flood flow in an artificially restored floodplain. Landscape and Ecological Engineering. 8(2): 129–143. Holzel N, Otte A. 2001. The impact of flooding regime on the soil seed bank of flood-meadows. Journal of Vegetation Science. 12 (2): 209–218. Jalilian F, Behmanesh B, Mohammad Esmaeili M, Gholami P. 2017. Comparison of rangeland vegetation cover and soil properties variations affected by flood spreading, enclosure and grazing uses. Journal of Water and Soil Science. 21 (2) :29–43. (In Persian). Kowsar S.A. 2008. Flood water spreading and spate irrigation in Iran. FAO-SpN Workshop in Opportunities and Potentials in Spate Irrigation, Cairo, Egypt. Kowsar SA. 1991. Floodwater spreading for desertification control: an integrated approach. Desert Control Bulletin (UNEP). 19: 3–18. Lee H, Alday JG, Cho KH, Lee EJ, Marrs RH. 2014. Effects of flooding on the seed bank and soil properties in a conservation area on the Han River, South Korea. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 70: 102–113. Mirjalili AB, Rahbar A. 2008. Positive effects of flood water spreading on quantitative changes of range land vegetation cover in aquifer Heart district of Yazd Province). Watershed Management Research (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 20 (3): 76–81. (In Persian). Naderi AA, Kowsar SA, Sarafraz AA. 2000. Reclamation of a sandy desert through floodwater spreading: L Sediment-Induced changes in selected soil chemical and physical properties. Journal of Agriculture. 2 (1): 9–20. Rango A, Tartowski SL, Laliberte A, Wainwright J, Parsons A. 2006. Islands of hydrologically and enhanced biotic producitivity in natural and managed arid ecosystems. Journal of Arid Environments. 65 (2): 235–252. Tarhouni M, Ben Salem F, Ouled Belgacem A, Neffati M. 2010. Acceptability of plant species along grazing gradients around watering points in Tunisian arid zone. Flora. 205 (7): 454–461. | ||
|
Statistics Article View: 936 PDF Download: 990 |
||
Journal management system. designed by sinaweb