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اولویت بندی عامل های مؤثر بر وقوع زمین لغزش و پهنه بندی حساسیت آن در آبخیز چریک آباد ارومیه با استفاده از مدل آنتروپی شانون | ||
| پژوهش های آبخیزداری | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 33، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 129، دی 1399، صفحه 30-46 اصل مقاله (2.42 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/wmej.2020.128407.1280 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| عبدالعزیز حنیفی‌نیا1؛ حبیب نظرنژاد* 2؛ سعید نجفی3؛ آیدینگ کرنژادی4 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 3استادیار دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه ارومیه | ||
| 4دانش آموخته دکتری آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زمینلغزشها از رخدادهای طبیعی و برخی انسانساخت‌اند. ایجاد یک راه‌برد برای کاهش زیانهای ناشی از زمینلغزشها برای حفظ منابعطبیعی و انسانی، ضروری است. هدف از این پژوهش، اولویتبندی عاملهای مؤثّر بر زمینلغزشها با مدل آنتروپی شانون و روش GIS است. با بازدیدهای میدانی و تصویرهای گوگل ارث 90 نقطهی لغزشی در آبخیز چریکآباد ارومیه شناسایی شد. لایههای بارش، ارتفاع، درصد شیب، جهت شیب، سنگشناسی، کاربری زمین، شاخص پوششگیاهی تفاضلی بهنجارشده (NDVI) و عناصر خطی مانند فاصله از آبراه، فاصله از گسل، فاصله از جاده و فاصله از روستا عاملهای مؤثّر بر وقوع زمینلغزش بهکارگرفتهشد و نقشهی پراکنش زمینلغزشها در سامانهی اطلاعات جغرافیایی تهیه و رقومی شد. اولویتبندی عاملهای مؤثّر با روش آماری آنتروپی شانون نشان داد که بهترتیب لایههای کاربری زمین، فاصله از آبراه و فاصله از گسل بیشترین تأثیر را بر وقوع زمینلغزشها داشت و کمترین تأثیر مربوط به لایههای فاصله از روستا، فاصله از جاده است. پهنهبندی حساسیت زمینلغزش با مدل و ارزیابی دقت آن با منحنی عملکرد نسبی سامانه (ROC) و با سطح زیر منحنی (AUC) 0/879 بیانگر دقت خیلیخوب مدل برای منطقه بود. با توجه به این‌که حدود 32 % از آبخیز در منطقه‌هایی با حساسیت زیاد و خیلی زیاد قرار گرفته است، پیشنهاد میشود برای کاهش نسبی خطر لغزش در آن‌جا، از تغییر کاربری در منطقه‌های مستعد زمینلغزش اجتناب گردد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آبخیز چریک آباد؛ آنتروپی شانون؛ زمین لغزش؛ سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی؛ منحنی عملکرد نسبی سامانه | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Prioritization of Effective Factors on Landslide Occurrence and Mapping of its Sensitivity in CherikAbad Watershed, Urmia Using Shannon Entropy Model | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Abdulaziz Hanifinia1؛ Habib Nazarnejad2؛ Saeed Najafi3؛ Aiding Kornejady4 | ||
| 1M.Sc. Student of Watershed Management, Urmia University | ||
| 2Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Urmia University | ||
| 3Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Urmia University | ||
| 4Ph.D. of Watershed Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Landslides are natural and incidentally man-made phenomena. Developing landslide risk reduction plans in order to preserve the natural and human resources are pivotal. This study sets out to prioritize landslide-controlling factors by using the Shannon’s entropy model and the GIS techniques. A total of 90 landslides were identified using extensive filed surveys and interpreting the Google Earth images. A Landslide inventory map was prepared in the GIS environment together with eleven controlling factors as inputs, namely precipitation, elevation, slope percentage, slope aspect, lithology, land use/land cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and the distance to streams/faults/roads/villages. The results revealed that the land use/land cover, the distance to streams, and the distance to faults were the top-ranked factors of the highest importance in landslide occurrence, while the distance to villages, and the distance to roads were of the least importance. Further, the model validation results attested to the great performance of the adopted model where the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.879. Considering that about 32% of the watershed is located in the high and very high sensitive area, it is recommended to avoid land use change in landslide-prone areas to reduce relative risk of landslide. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Cherikabad Watershed, GIS, landslide, ROC curve, Shannon’s entropy | ||
| مراجع | ||
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