| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,081 |
| تعداد مقالات | 34,377 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 48,054,016 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 78,949,850 |
اثر تلفیقی دوره آتش‌سوزی و شدت چرا بر شاخص‌های تنوع گیاهی در مراتع نیمه استپی چهارمحال بختیاری | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 9، دوره 27، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 78، فروردین 1399، صفحه 84-97 اصل مقاله (411.38 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2020.121351 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی محمدیان* 1؛ اسماعیل اسدی‌بروجنی2؛ عطاالله ابراهیمی2؛ پژمان طهماسبی2؛ علی‌اصغر نقی‌پور3 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| 2دانشیار، گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| 3استادیار گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهر کرد، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| این پژوهش با هدف بررسی تأثیر تلفیقی آتش‌سوزی و چرا بر شاخص‌های تنوع گیاهی در مراتع نیمه استپی استان چهارمحال بختیاری انجام گرفت. بنابراین 16 سایت با دوره‌های مختلف، آتش‌سوزی و شدت چرایی انتخاب و در هر سایت 18 پلات در امتداد ترانسکت‌ها تعیین و نمونه‌برداری به روش سیستماتیک- تصادفی انجام گرفت. سپس شاخص‌های تنوع گونه‌ای و بتا محاسبه گردید. به منظور تعیین اثرات آتش، چرا و سال و اثرات تلفیقی آن‌ها بر شاخص‌های تنوع از آزمون مدل عمومی خطی و برای نشان دادن اثر معنی‌داری بین مناطق آتش و شاهد از آزمون t – استیودنت استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مناطق با شدت چرایی متوسط با دوره‌های مختلف آتش شاخص‌های تنوع سیمپسون، شانون و غنا در مقایسه با شاهد افزایش اما تنوع بتا کاهش داشته است. درمناطق با شدت چرایی زیاد با دوره‌های مختلف آتش شاخص تنوع سیمپسون و شانون نسبت به منطقه شاهد افزایش و غنای گونه‌ای در مناطق با دوره آتش‌سوزی 3-1 و 5-3 سال بترتیب افزایش و کاهش معنی‌داری یافت. همچنین تنوع بتا در دوره‌های مختلف آتش در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش معنی‌دار داشت. علیرغم احیاء برخی از گونه‌های بوته‌ای در مناطق آتش‌سوزی شده با گذشت زمان، درصد آن‌ها در مقایسه با شاهد کاهش معنی‌داری در شدت‌های چرایی داشت و بیشترین درصد پوشش گراس‌های چندساله در دوره‌های مختلف آتش نیز در مناطق با شدت چرایی متوسط مشاهده گردید. پس از وقوع آتش‌سوزی در مراتع نیمه‌استپی اعمال مدیریت صحیح مراتع می‌تواند موجبات افزایش کیفیت علوفه قابل استفاده و غنای گونه‌ای را فراهم نماید. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آتش‌سوزی؛ غنای گونه‌ای؛ اثرمتقابل؛ چهارمحال بختیاری | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of integrated fire period and intensity grazing on plant species diversity in the semi-steppe rangeland of chaharmahal and bakhtiari province | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Ali Mohammadian1؛ Esmaiel Asadi borujeni2؛ Ataollah Ebrahimi2؛ Pezhman Tahmasebi2؛ Ali Asghar Naghipour3 | ||
| 1PhD. Student of Range Management, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran, | ||
| 2Associate professor, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| 3Assistant professor, Faculty of Natural Resource and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| This study was was don to investigate the interaction of fire and grazing effects on index of vegetation diversity in Semi-steppe rangelands in Chaharmahal - Bakhtiari Province.Therefore, 16 sites was selected with different periods of fire and grazing intensity and 18 quadrates along transects at each site were determined and then a systematic -random sampling method was don. Then, species diversity and Beta diversity indices were calculated. To determine the effects of fire, grazing, number of year and their interactions on the diversity indices, the method of General Linear Model (GML) and for determining the significant effect between fire site and unfired site the method of T- Test was used. The results showed that in areas with moderate grazing intensity and with different periods time of fire, Diversity, Simpson, Shannon and species richness indices, compared to control areas significantly increased. But beta diversity has decreased. Simpson's and Shannon Index compared to control areas significantly increased, in areas with high grazing and different time periods of fire, and in areas with 1-3 and 3-5 years fire, Species Richness was increased and decreased respectively. Also with different time periods of fire, beta diversity was decreased. Despite the restoration of some shrub species with the passage of time at burned areas, Compared to control, the grazing intensities was significantly decreased and the highest percentage of perennial grasses coverage was observed in fire areas in places with moderate grazing intensity. After the fire, appropriate management methods in Semi-Steppe Rangelands, can increase the Forage quality and also cause an increase in species richness. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Fire, species richness, Intraction, Charmahal- Bakhtiari | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
- Abiodun, F., Oluwole, J., Mackson, S. and Dabe, S., 2008. Long- term effects of different burning frequencies on the dry Savanna grassland in South Africa. African Journal of Agriculture Research, 3(2): 147-153. - Alfaro-Sanchez, R., Sanchez-Salguero, R., De las Heras, J. and Hernande-Tecles, E., Moya, D. and Lopez-Serrano, F. R., 2015. Vegetation dynamics of managed Mediterranean forests 16 yr after large fires in southeastern Spain. Journal of Applied Vegetation Science, 18(2): 272-282. - Blair, J. M., Han, O. and Bakker, J. P., 2004. Effects of fire and grazing on small-scale spatial heterogeneity in a tallgrass Prairie. Journal of Ecology, 78: 2359-2368. - Bradstock, R., Williams, J. and Gill, M., 2002. Flammable Australia- fire regimes and biodiversity of a continent. Cambridge University Press, 462 p. - Carilla, J., Aragon, R. and Gurvich, D. E., 2011. Fire and grazing differentially affect aerial biomass and species composition in Andean grasslands. Journal of Acta Oecologica, 37(4):337-345. - Chen, Z. X. and Zhang, X. S., 2000. The value of ecosystem services in china Chinese Science Bulletin - Science China, 45: 17-22. - Collins, S. L. and Smith, M. D., 2006. Scale-dependent interaction of fire and grazing on community heterogeneity in tallgrass prairie. Journal of Ecology, 87:2058-2067. - Deak, B., Valko, O., Tork, P., Vegvari, Z. S., Hartel, T., Schmotzer, A., Kapocsi, I. and Tothmeresz, B., 2014. Grassland fires in Hungary- experiences of nature conservationists on the effects of fire on biodiversity. Journal of Applied Ecology and Environment Research, 12(1): 267-283. - Drewa, P. B. and Havstad, K. M., 2001. Effects of fire, grazing, and the presence of shrubs on Chihuahuan desert grasslands. Journal of Arid Environments, 48: 429-443. - Erkovan, S., Koc, A., Gullap, M. K., Erkovan H. I. and Bilen, S., 2016. The effect of fire on the vegetation and soil properties of ungrazed shortgrass steppe rangeland of the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 40: 290-299. - Fakhimi Abarghoie, E., Mesdaghi, M., Gholami, P. and Naderi Nasrabad, H., 2011. The effect of some topographical properties in plant diversity in steppic rangelands of Nodushan, Yazd Province, Iran. Journal of Range Desert Research, 18(3): 408-419. - Fuhlendorf, S. D. and Engle, D. M., 2004. Application of the fire-grazing interaction to restore a shifting mosaic on tallgrass prairie. Journal of Applied Ecology, 41(4): 604-614. - Harper, D.A.T., (Ed.), 1999. Numerical Palaeobiology: Computer-Based Modelling and Analysis of Fossils and their Distributions. John Willy &Sons, Chichester, 468p. - Heydari, A., 2013. Interaction fire and Grazing Intensity on Diversity Indicators, Types of Vegetation and Functional diversity in semi-steppe rangeland. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, the Shahrekord University, Iran. - Karami, P., Gorgin Karaji, M., Basiri, R. and Kargari, E., 2008. Analyzes of species diversity in ecological species group case study: The Kurdista's Kouhsalan habitat. Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(46): 47-56. - Karimi, K., Karamidehkordi, E. and Badsar, M., 2016. The role of rural communities in conservation of rangelands in Mahneshan Township. Journal of Rural Development Sterategies, 3(1):1-21. - Koleff, P., Gaston, K. J. and Lennon, J. J., 2003. Measuring beta diversity for presence-absence data. Journal of Animal Ecology, 72:367-382. - Levene, H., 1960. Contributions to Probability and Statistics: Essays in Honor of Harold Hotelling. Stanford University Press, Palo Alto, 1: 278-292. - Lilliefors, H. W., 1967. On the kolmogorov-smirnov test for normality with mean and variance unknown. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 62: 399-402. - Margalef, M., 1958. Information theory in ecology. Journal of General Systematics, 3: 36-71. - Mapiye, C., Mugabe, P. H. and Munthali, D., 2006. The potential of burning and grazing intensity management for rangeland improvement. Southern Africa Journal of Science Education and Technology, 1: 103-110. - Naghipour, A. A., 2016. The role of fire and grazing on soil seed bank and vegetation dynamics of semi-steppe rangelands in the central zagros region.Iran. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Natural Resources, The Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, 150 pp. - Noy-Meir, I., 1995. Interactive effects of fire and grazing on structure and diversity of Mediterranean grasslands. Journal of Vegetation Science, 6: 701-710. - Pastro, L. A., Dickman, C. R. and Letnic, M., 2014. Fire type and hemisphere determine the effects of fire on the alpha and beta diversity of vertebrates: a global meta-analysis. Journal of Global Ecology and Biogeography, 23:1146-1156. - Rafiee, F., Ejtahadi, H. and Jankju, M., 2014. Study of Plant diversity at different time intervals after burning in a semiarid rangeland. Journal of Plant Researches, 27(5): 854-864. - Ravi, S., Dodorico, P., wang, L., White, C. S., Okin, G. S., Macko, S. A. and Collins, S. L., 2009. Post- fire resource redistribution in desert grasslands: apossible negative feed back on Land degradation. Journal of Ecosystem, 12: 434-444. - Schindler, S., Poirazidis, K. and Wrbka, T., 2008. Towards a core set of landscape metrics for Biodiversity assessments: A case study from Dadia national park, Greece. Journal of Ecological Indicators, 8(5): 502-514. - Shannon, C. E. and Weaner, A., 1949. The mathematical theory of communication. University of Illinois Press, 350 pp. - Siahmansour, R., Arzani, H., Jafari, M., Javadi, S. and Tavili, A., 2015. Investigation of short-term fire effect on vegetative forms and palatability classes (Case study in Zagheh – Lorestan). Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 68 (3): 517-531. - Simpson, E. H., 1949. Measurement of diversity. Journal of Nature, 12: 1-20. - Spasojevic, M. J., Aicher, R. J., Koch, G. R., Marquardt, E. S., Mirotchnick, N., Troxler, T. G. and Collins, S. L., 2010. Fire and grazing in a mesic tallgrass prairie: impacts on plant species and functional traits. Journal of Ecology, 91: 1651-1659. - Tahmasebi Kohyani, P., 2013. Investigation of destructive effects and potential of fire as a management tool for vegetation in semi-steppe rangelands. Journal of Range and Watershed Management (Iranian Journal of Natural Resources), 66(2): 287- 298. - Tahmasebi Kohyani, P., Ebrahimi, A. A. and Yar Ali, N. A., 2012. Determine the most appropriate form and size of plot for estimate several variables rangeland in semi-steppe pastures, Journal Pasture and Watershed, 65(2): 203-216. - Tarhouni, M., Ben Salem, F., Ouled Belgacem, A. and Neffati, M., 2010. Acceptability of plant species along grazing gradients around watering points in Tunisian arid zone. Flora, 205: 454-461. Wiley, J., Carilla, S., Aragon, R. and Gurvich, D. E., 2011. Fire and grazing differentially affect aerial biomass and species composition in Andean grasslands. Journal of Acta Oecologica, 37(4):337-345. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 588 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 356 |
||