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بررسی اثر تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی بر محتوی فلاونوئید دانه و خصوصیات کمّی وکیفی دانه بالنگو شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) | ||
| تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی و معطر ایران | ||
| مقاله 14، دوره 35، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 98، بهمن و اسفند 1398، صفحه 1058-1075 اصل مقاله (835.06 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijmapr.2020.122860.2368 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| طاهره کریمی جلیله وندی1؛ سعیده ملکی فراهانی* 2؛ علیرضا رضازاده2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، علوم و تکنولوژی بذر، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOR): 98.1000/1735-0905.1398.35.1058.98.6.1576.41 به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تاریخ کاشت و کود شیمیایی نیتروژن و فسفر بر محتوای فلاونویید دانه، خصوصیات کیفی و جوانه‌زنی بذر بالنگوی شیرازی (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)، پژوهشی به‌صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار، در سال زراعی 93-92 اجرا شد. عوامل آزمایش شامل تاریخ کشت در دو سطح (پاییزه و بهاره) و کود شیمیایی در سه سطح (عدم کود، کاربرد نصف کود مورد نیاز (23 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن خالص + 50.6 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5) و کاربرد مقدار کامل کود (46 کیلوگرم در هکتار نیتروژن + 101.2 کیلوگرم در هکتار P2O5)) بود. اندازه گیری فلاونوئید دانه در فواصل یک هفته‌ای از گلدهی تا رسیدگی دانه انجام گرفت. نتایج مقایسه میانگین نشان داد که بیشترین درصد جوانه‌زنی بذر در کشت پاییزه (74.8) با افزایش 11.6 درصدی نسبت به کشت بهاره، و اعمال کود کامل مورد نیاز گیاه (88.6) با افزایش 73.4 درصدی نسبت به تیمار عدم کود، بدست آمد. کاربرد کود شیمیایی و کشت پاییزه بالنگو باعث افزایش معنی‌دار درصد موسیلاژ بذر نسبت به شاهد شد. 7 روز پس از گلدهی بیشترین میزان فلاونویید در کشت بهاره (0.264 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) با افزایش 63.97 درصدی نسبت به کشت پاییزه، و تیمار بدون کود (0.282 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) با افزایش 90.54 درصدی نسبت به تیمار کود کامل (0.148 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) بدست آمد. 28 روز پس از گلدهی بالاترین میزان فلاونویید (0.554 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) در کشت بهاره و همچنین تیمار بدون کود (0.629 معادل میلی‌گرم کوئرستین در گرم نمونه) بدست آمد. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که کشت پاییزه و کاربرد مقدار کامل کود باعث افزایش کیفیت دانه به لحاظ درصد موسیلاژ و جوانه‌زنی می شود، اما کشت بهاره و عدم کاربرد کود شیمیایی باعث افزایش فلاونویید در دانه‌های بالنگو می‌شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| بالنگو (Lallemantia royleana Benth.)؛ جوانه‌زنی؛ فعالیت کاتالاز؛ کود نیتروژن؛ موسیلاژ بذر | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of sowing date and chemical fertilizer on the flavonoid content and quantitative and qualitative characteristics of lady’s mantle (Lallemantia royleana Benth.) seed | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| T. Karimi Jalilehvandi1؛ S. Maleki Farahani2؛ A.R. Rezazadeh2 | ||
| 1M.Sc. student, Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2College of Agriculture, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In order to investigate the effect of sowing date and nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on the seed flavonoid content, qualitative and germination characteristics of lady’s mantle (Lallemantia royleana Benth.), a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted in 2013-2014 crop year. Experimental factors included sowing date at two levels (autumn and spring) and chemical fertilizer at three levels (without fertilizer, half application of required fertilizer (23 kg ha-1 pure N+ 50.6 kg ha-1 P2O5) and full application of required fertilizer (46 kg ha-1 pure N+ 101.2 kg ha-1 P2O5). Flavonoid measurement of the seeds was performed weekly from flowering to seed ripening. The results of the mean comparison showed that the highest seed germination percentage was obtained at autumn sowing (74.8%) with an increase of 11.6% compared to spring sowing and at the full application of required fertilizer (88.6%) with an increase of 73.4% compared to without fertilizer. The application of chemical fertilizer and autumn cultivation of lallemantia significantly increased the percentage of seed mucilage compared to control. Seven days after flowering, the highest flavonoid content was obtained at spring sowing (0.264 mg quercetin per g sample) with an increase of 63.97% compared to autumn sowing, and at no fertilizer treatment (0.282 mg quercetin per g sample) with an increase of 90.54% compared to the full application of required fertilizer (0.148 mg quercetin per g sample). Twenty-eight days after flowering, the highest flavonoid content was obtained at spring sowing (0.554 mg quercetin per g sample) and no fertilizer treatment (0.629 mg quercetin per g sample). In general, the results showed that the autumn sowing date and full application of required chemical fertilizer increased the seed quality in terms of mucilage percentage and germination, but the spring sowing date and no fertilizer treatment increased the flavonoid content of lallemantia seeds. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Catalase activity, germination, Lady’s mantle (Lallemantia royleana .Benth.), seed mucilage, nitrogen fertilizer | ||
| مراجع | ||
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