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بررسی تأثیر جاده بر شاخص‌های سلامت مراتع استپی و نیمه‌استپی | ||
| تحقیقات مرتع و بیابان ایران | ||
| مقاله 18، دوره 26، شماره 4، دی 1398، صفحه 1020-1031 اصل مقاله (341.27 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/ijrdr.2019.120711 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| اعظم خسروی مشیزی* ؛ محسن شرافتمند | ||
| استادیار دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه جیرفت، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گسترش جاده‌ها در دهه‌های اخیر به یکی از چالش‌های اساسی برای سلامت اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی در سرتاسر جهان تبدیل شده‌است. بنابراین تأثیر جاده بر شاخص‌های سلامت مراتع در دو منطقه استپی و نیمه‌استپی در طول جاده کرمان-بافت بررسی شد. برای هر دو مرتع در کنار جاده و منطقه مرجع 17 شاخص سلامت مرتع ارزیابی شدند. ویژگی‌های پایداری خاک و رویشگاه، توابع هیدرولوژیک و سلامت موجودات زنده با استفاده از شاخص‌های سلامت مراتع برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که در منطقه استپی هر سه ویژگی در وضعیت نسبتاً حاد قرار دارند اما در منطقه نیمه‌استپی، ویژگی‌های پایداری، خاک و رویشگاه و توابع هیدرولوژیک در وضعیت متعادل و سلامت موجودات زنده در وضعیت نسبتاً حاد قرار دارد. نتایج آزمون ویلکاکسون همچنین نشان داد که منطقه نیمه استپی مراتع حاشیه جاده با منطقه مرجع از نظر شاخص‌های تولید، گونه‌های مهاجم و گروه‌های ساختاری و عملکردی اختلاف معنی‌داری دارند (05/0>p). در منطقه استپی، مراتع حاشیه جاده با مراتع مرجع علاوه بر شاخص‌های مذکور از نظر شاخص‌های خاک لخت و فرسایش خندقی نیز دارای اختلاف معنی‌داری هستند (01/0>p). با توجه به اینکه در منطقه استپی علاوه بر پوشش گیاهی، خاک نیز تحت تأثیر جاده تخریب شده است این منطقه در برنامه‌های آینده احیا و بازسازی دارای اولویت است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| استپ؛ توابع هیدرولوژیک؛ مرتع؛ سلامت موجودات زنده | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Assessment of road impact on health indices of steppe and semi-steppe rangelands | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Aezam Khosravi Mashizi؛ Mohsen Sharafatmand | ||
| Assistant Professor, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Jiroft, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| In recent decades, roads construction has become a worldwide major challenge for natural ecosystems health. Therefore, the impact of road on rangeland health indexes in two steppe and semi steppe zones along Kerman-Taft road was investigated. 17 rangeland health indicators were evaluated on roadsides and reference areas. Soil and habitat stability, hydrologic function, and biotic integrity were estimated using rangeland health indicators. The results indicated that in the steppe region, all three features are in a rather acute state, while in the semi-steppe area, stability, soil and habitat characteristics and hydrological functions are in a balanced state and the health of living organisms is in relatively acute condition. The results of Wilcox test also showed that there are significant differences between roadside rangelands and reference areas in terms of production, invasive species and structural-functional groups in semi-steppe rangelands (p<0.05). In steppe area, roadside rangelands with reference rangelands had significant differences either mentioned indexes or in bare soil and gully erosion indexes (p <0.01). In addition to vegetation, soil has also affected by road damage in the steppe area, which is a priority in future restoration and restoration plans. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Steppe, Hydrologic Functions, Rangeland, Biotic Integrity | ||
| مراجع | ||
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