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بررسی تأثیر سویههای Trichoderma جدا شده از خاک‌های شور و سدیمی در کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی فوزاریومی ریشه خیار (Fusarium solani) | ||
| مهار زیستی در گیاه‌پزشکی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 12، اسفند 1397، صفحه 43-55 اصل مقاله (296.25 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/bcpp.2019.120408 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| فرزانه اسدی؛ حسین علایی* ؛ روح الله صابری ریسه؛ اعظم زین‌الدینی ریسه | ||
| گروه گیاه‌پزشکی دانشگاه ولی‌عصر(عج)، رفسنجان، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| گونه‌های تریکودرما به دلیل تنوع متابولیسمی و قدرت رقابتی، از موجودات غالب میکروفلور خاک بوده و تقریباً در تمام زیستگاه‌ها وجود دارند. در این پژوهش توانایی چهار سویه منتخب تریکودرما برای کنترل بیماری پوسیدگی ساقه و ریشه خیار ناشی از قارچ Fusarium solani مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. بذرهای جوانه‌زده خیار در خاک‌های سترون تیمار شده با سویههای تریکودرما کشت شدند. در مرحله‌ی چهار برگی بوته‌های خیار، بیمارگر به خاک گلدان‌ها مایه‌زنی گردید. بعد از گذشت یک ماه از مایه‌زنی بیمارگر شدت بیماری و فاکتورهای رشدی در گلدان‌های تیمار شده با تریکودرما در مقایسه با شاهد بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد سویههای تریکودرما باعث کاهش شدت بیماری و افزایش فاکتورهای رشدی شدند به‌طوری‌که سویههایTrichoderma harzianum T127-12و Trichoderma aureoviride T189-4 هر دو با 67/91 درصد بیشترین تأثیر را در کاهش شدت بیماری نسبت به گیاه شاهد داشتند. نتایج بررسی اثر سویههای تریکودرما روی فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه شامل طول ریشه و ساقه، وزن خشک ریشه و اندامهای هوایی، قطر ساقه و کلروفیل نسبی نشان دادکه تیمارهای مختلف سویه های تریکودرما تأثیرمثبتی در افزایش فاکتورهای رشدی گیاه داشت به‌طوری‌که سویههای T189-4 و T127-12 بر روی وزن خشک ریشه در حضور بیمارگر به‌ترتیب با 97 و82 درصد افزایش، بیشترین تأثیر را داشتند. نتایج این بررسی نشان داد که استفاده از این سویههای بومی تریکودرما می‌تواند برای کنترل پوسیدگی فوزاریومی ساقه و ریشه در برنامه مدیریت تلفیقی بیماری توصیه شود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| تریکودرما؛ فوزاریوم؛ شدت بیماری؛ فاکتورهای رشدی؛ کلنیزاسیون | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| The effect of beneficial Trichoderma species isolated from sodic and saline soils to control Fusarium root rot of cucumber (Fusarium solani) | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Farzaneh Asadi؛ Hossein Alaei؛ Rohollah Saberi Riseh؛ Azam Zeynadini Riseh | ||
| Departmen of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Trichoderma species are dominant organisms in most of soil microflora due to metabolic diversity and competitiveness and found approximately in all diverse habitats. In this study, four selected Trichoderma strains were evaluated to better control of cucumber stem and root rot disease caused by Fusarium solani. Cucumber germinated seeds were sown into inoculated soil with Trichoderma strains. Cucumber seedlings at forth leaf stages were inoculated with Fusarium. One month after inoculation by Fusarium, biocontrol effect of Trichoderma strains were evaluated by measuring the disease severity and cucumber growth factors. The results showed that Trichoderma strains were reduced disease severity and increased the growth factors in which both strains T189-4 (T. aureoviride) and T127-12 (T. harzianum) had the greatest impact on reducing infection with 91.67% in compare to untreated plants. The effect of Trichoderma strains on plant growth factors including root and stem length, dry and wet weight of root and stem, stem diameter and relative chlorophyll resulted that different Trichoderma strains have a posetive effects on increasing plant growth factors in which the strains T189-4 and T127-12 had the greatest effect on root dry weight in the presence of the pathogen, with 97% and 82%, respectively. These results indicated that the use of these Trichoderma native strains could be recommended for the control of Fusarium stem and root rot in the integrated management program of disease. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Trichoderma, Fusarium solani, disease severity, growth factors, colonization | ||
| مراجع | ||
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