| The climate change over the past few decades, and consequently decrease in the precipitation, along with the population growth in different regions in Iran have led to an increase in demand for water for domestic agricultural, industrial, etc. consumption. This has led to uncontrolled exploitation of groundwater resources, causing severe decrease in the groundwater level. Artificial recharge technique is one of the methods to compensate for the groundwater deficit, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. Selection of suitable sites before artificial recharge can help improve the efficiency of the project and ensure its success. Having in mind the problems related to decrease in groundwater resources in Tehran due to the increasing population and the expansion of industry and agriculture. This study aims to identify and zoning of regions that are suitable for artificial recharge of groundwater in Tehran Province. The GIS can help determine such regions more precisely, faster, and with better results. For this purpose, the present study integrated GIS and Fuzzy AHP to weigh and combine factors that play a positive role in artificial recharge, such as the depth and changes in the groundwater level, precipitation, drainage density, elevation and land slope, distance from fault, distance from river, geological properties, and land use. After investigating the views of experts about the binary comparison of the criteria, and prioritizing them using AHP, it was found that the hydrological properties were the most effective criteria for the subject under study. Results indicated that 6.2% and 15.75% of the entire area of the region under study are very suitable and suitable for artificial recharge of groundwater, respectively. Very suitable regions are mostly located in the east of the province, with suitable geologic formations, short distance from river, and predominant rangeland and agricultural land use. They also, have a very low and decreasing groundwater level. |
- Arabameri, A.R., Ameripoor, S. Kazemi Mohsenabadi and M.R. Biglari. 2014. Zoning Mashhad Watershed for artificial recharge of underground aquifers using TOPSIS model and GIS technique. Global Journal, 14: 44-53 (in Persian).
- Bertolini, M. and M. Braghia. 2006. Application of the AHP methodology in making a proposal for a public work contract. International Journal of Project Management, 24: 422-430.
- Bizh, Zh., L. Burge and lomanzh. 1980. The groundwater artificial recharging. Translation by J. Heidarpour. Amirkabir University Press, Tehran, 256 pages.
- Bouwer, H. 2002. Artificial recharge of groundwater. Hydrogeology Journal, 10: 121-142.
- Chenini, I., A. Ben Mammou and M. May. 2009. Groundwater recharge zone mapping using GIS based. Water Resources Management Journal, 24: 921-939.
- Chowdhury, A., Madan, V.M. Chowdary. 2010. Delineation of groundwater recharge zones and identification of artificial recharge sites in West Medinipur district, West Bengal, using RS, GIS and MCDM techniques. Environmental Earth Sciences, 59: 1209-1222.
- Dey, P.K. and E.K. Ramacharan. 2008. Analytic hierarchy process helps select site for limestone quarry expansion in Barbados. Journal of Environmental Management, 88: 1384-1395.
- Feyzi, Z., Keshtkar, A. Malekian and H. Ghasemieh. 2016. Fuzzy AHP application for flood spreading site selection, case study: South of Kashan Plain. Journal of Water and Soil Science, 20: 129-141 (in Persian).
- Galankashi, M.R., A. Helmi and P. Hashemzahi. 2016. Supplier selection in automobile industry: a mixed balanced scorecard-fuzzy AHP approach. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55: 93-100.
- Ghahari, Gh. and Pakparvar. 2007. Survey on effects of extraction and distribution flood on Grebaygan groundwater. Range and Desert Research Journal, 3: 390-368 (in Persian).
- Kaganski, S., Majak and K. Karjust. 2018. Fuzzy AHP as a tool for prioritization of key performance indicators. Procedia CIRP, 72(2018): 1227-1232.
- Kalantari, N., Rangzan, S. Thigale and M. Rahimi. 2010. Site selection and cost-benefit analysis for artificial recharge in the Baghmalek Plain, Khuzestan Province, southwest Iran. Hydrogeology Journal, 18: 761-773 (in Persian).
- Krishnamurthy, J., N.V. Kkumar, V. Jayaraman and M. Manivel. 1996. An approach to demarcate ground water potential zones through remote sensing and geographic information system. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 17: 1867-1884.
- Mahdavi, R., Abedi-e-Kopani, M. Rezai and M. Abdoulhosaini. 2004. Locating appropriate sites for artificial recharge of ground water resources. Water Resources and Soil Conference, 23-24 April, Shiraz University (in Persian).
- Malczewski, J. 1999. GIS and multicriteria decision analysis. USA, John Wiley and Sons, 408 pages.
- Malczewski, J. 2006. Multicriteria decision analysis in geographic information science. Journal of Geographical Information Science, USA, John Wiley and Sons, 368 pages.
- Moreno-Jimenez, J.M. 2005. A spreadsheet module for consistent consensus building in AHP-group decision making. Group Decision and Negotiation, 14: 89-108.
- O’Hare, M.P., D.M. Fairchild, A. Hajali and L.W. Canter. 1986. Artificial recharge of groundwater. Suffolk County, 419 pages.
- Oakford, E.T. 1985. Artificial recharge: methods, hydraulics and monitoring. Butterworth, 767 pages.
- Ramalingam, M. and Santhakumar. 2002. Case study on artificial recharge using remote sensing and GIS. GIS Development Journal, 3: 85-97.
- RaviShankar, M.N. and Mohan. 2005. A GIS based hydrogeomorphic approach for identification of site specific artificial-recharge techniques in the Deccan volcanic province. Journal of Earth System Science, 114: 505-514.
- Riad, P.H.S., Billib, A.A. Hassan, M.A. Salam and M. Nouredin. 2011. Application of the overlay weighted model and Boolean logic to determine the best locations for artificial recharge of groundwater. Journal of Urban and Environmental Engineering, 5: 57-66.
- Saaty, T.L. 1980. The analytical hierarchy process. McGraw Hill, 350 pages.
- Saraf, A.K. and P.R. Choudhury. 1998. Integrated remote sensing and GIS for groundwater exploration and identification of artificial recharge sites. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 19: 2595–2616.
- Sargaonkar, A., Rathi and A. Baile. 2010. Identifying potential sites for artificial groundwater recharge in sub-watershed of River Kanhan, India. Environmental Earth Sciences, 62: 1099-1108.
- Yan, Zh., Wang and Y. Fu. 2012. Study on early warning model of coal mining engineering with fuzzy AHP. Systems Engineering Procedia, 5: 113-118.
|
