| تعداد نشریات | 284 |
| تعداد نشریات سازمان | 82 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 3,036 |
| تعداد مقالات | 33,971 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 45,640,020 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 75,702,795 |
اثر سطوح مختلف پروتئین و مکمل کولین در جیره غذایی بر صفات تولیدی، فراسنجه های لاشه، هماتولوژی و ریخت شناسی روده جوجه‌های گوشتی | ||
| علوم دامی | ||
| مقاله 8، دوره 32، شماره 123، شهریور 1398، صفحه 95-110 اصل مقاله (1.46 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22092/asj.2018.122211.1719 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| حسینعلی قاسمی* 1؛ ایمان حاج خدادادی2؛ امیر حسین خلت آبادی فراهانی2 | ||
| 1دانشیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اراک | ||
| 2استادیار گروه علوم دامی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اراک | ||
| چکیده | ||
| به منظور بررسی اثرات سطوح مختلف پروتئین و مکمل کولین در جیره بر صفات تولیدی، فراسنجه‌های لاشه، هماتولوژی و ریخت شناسی روده، از تعداد 288 قطعه جوجه گوشتی نر یکروزه (سویه راس 308) استفاده شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی به صورت فاکتوریل 2 ×3 انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایشی شامل سه سطح پروتئین جیره (شاهد یا توصیه شده، متوسط یا 5/1 واحد کمتر از سطح توصیه شده و کم یا 3 واحد کمتر از سطح توصیه شده) و 2 سطح مکمل کولین ( 0 و 1000 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم جیره) بودند. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که استفاده از گروه با سطح کم پروتئین در مقایسه با گروه شاهد سبب کاهش وزن، کاهش طول پرز و نسبت طول پرز به عمق کریپت در ژژنوم و افزایش ضریب تبدیل غذایی جوجه‌های گوشتی شد (05/0>P). همچنین افزایش وزن نسبی کبد و کاهش میزان گلبول قرمز خون در گروه متوسط پروتئین نسبت به گروه شاهد مشاهده شد (05/0>P). اثر مکمل کولین و اثر متقابل بین سطوح مختلف پروتئین و مکمل کولین در جیره غذایی بر عملکرد رشد، فراسنجه‌های هماتولوژی خون و ریخت شناسی روده معنی‌دار نبود. اما مکمل کولین تمایل به افزایش بازده لاشه (087/0=P) و کاهش وزن نسبی کبد (089/0=P) نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج این مطالعه، کاهش میزان پروتئین جیره به ویژه 3 واحد کمتر از سطح توصیه شده اثرات منفی بر صفات تولیدی و ریخت شناسی روده دارد، ولی استفاده از مکمل کولین در این جیره‌ها اثر مثبتی در جوجه-های گوشتی ندارد. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| پروتئین جیره؛ جوجه‌های گوشتی؛ ریخت‌شناسی ژژنوم؛ صفات لاشه؛ کولین | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effect of different levels of protein and choline supplementation in the diet on production traits, carcass parameters, hematology and intestinal morphology of broilers | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Hossein Ali Ghasemi1؛ Iman Hajkhodadadi2؛ Amir Hossein Khaltabadi Farahani2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Animal Science | ||
| 2Assistant Professor, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| A total number of 288 one-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were used to investigate the effect of different levels of protein and choline supplementation in the diet on production traits, carcass parameters, hematology and intestinal morphology. This experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design as factorial experiment (3 × 2). Experimental treatments consisted of three levels of protein (control or recommended level, medium or 1.5 units lower than recommended level and low or 3 units lower than recommended level) and 2 levels of choline supplementation (0 and 1000 mg/kg diet). The results showed that the use of low-protein group reduced body weight gain, villus height and villus height/cryt depth ratio in the jejunum and increased feed conversion ratio in broilers (p < 0.05) when compared with control group. The higher relative liver weight and lower red blood cell counts were also observed in the medium-protein group compared with control group (p < 0.05). The effect of choline supplementation and interaction between protein levels and choline supplementation in the diet on growth performance, blood hematological parameters and intestinal morphology were not significant. However, choline supplementation tended to increase carcass yield (P=0.087) and to decrease the relative liver weight (P=0.089). According to the results of current study, reducing the dietary protein level, especially 3 units lower than recommended level, negatively affected the production traits and intestinal morphology; but the use of choline supplementation in these diets has no positive effect in broiler chickens. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Broilers, Carcass caracterestics, Choline, Dietary protein, Jejunal morphology | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
وحدتپور، ت. و صندوقچیان، س. (1390). خون شناسی طیور. انتشارات پریور تبریز. ص ص. 120. Abbasi, M.A., Mahdavi, A.H., Samie, A.H. and Jahanian, R. (2014). Effects of different levels of dietary crude protein and threonine on performance, humoral immune responses and intestinal morphology of broiler chicks. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science. 16: 35-44. Ajuyah, A.O., Lee, K.H., Hardin, R.T. and Sim, J.S. (1991). Changes in the yield and in the fatty acid composition of whole carcass and selected meat portions of broiler chickens fedfull-fat oil seeds. Poultry Science. 70: 2304-2314. Aletor, V.A., Hamid, I.I., Niess, E. and Peffer, E. (2000). Low protein amino acid supplemented diets in broiler chickens: Effects on performance, carcass characteristics, whole-body composition and efficiencies of nutrient utilization. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 80: 547-554. Attia, Y.A. and Saber, S.H. (2017). Broiler tolerance to heat stress at various dietary protein/energy levels. European Poultry Science. 81: 171. Azadmanesh, V. and Jahanian, R. (2014). Effect of supplemental lipotropic factors on performance, immune responses, serum metabolites and liver health in broiler chicks fed on high-energy diets. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 195: 92–100. Bartell, S.M. and Batal, A.B. (2007). The Effect of Supplemental Glutamine on Growth Performance, Development of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Humoral Immune Response of Broilers. Poultry Science. 86: 1940–1947. Buwjoom, T., Yamauchi, K., Erikawa, T. and Goto, H. (2010). Histological intestinal alterations in chickens fed low-protein diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 94: 354–361. Domeneghini, C., Giancamillo, A.D., Savoini, G., Paratte, R., Bontempo, V. and Dell’Orto, V. (2004). Structural patterns of swine ileal mucosa following L-glutamine and nucleotides administration during the weaning period. A histochemical and histometrical study. Histology and Histopathology. 19: 49–58. Fischer da Silva, A.V., Majorka, A., Borges, S.A, Santin, E., Boleli, I.C. and Macari, M. (2007). Surface area of the tip of the enterocytes in small intestine mucosa of broilers submitted to early feed restriction and supplemented with glutamine. International Journal of Poultry Science. 6: 31-35. Fouladi, P., Salamat-Doust Nobar R. and Ahmadzade, A. (2008). Effect of choline chloride supplement on the internal organ and carcass weight of broiler chickens. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 7: 1164-1167. Gangane, G.R., Moregaonkar, S.D., Khan, M.A., Ravikanth, K., Maini, S. and Gaikwad, N.Z. (2010). Effect of different sources of choline on performance and carcasscharacteristics of broilers. Veterinary Practitioner. 11: 130–133. Habashy, W.S., Milfort, M.C., Fuller, A.L., Attia, Y.A., Rekaya, R. and Aggrey, S.E. (2017). Effect of heat stress on protein utilization and nutrient transporters in meat-type chickens. International Journal of Biometeorology. 61: 2111–2118. Jackson, M.E., Geronian, K., Knox, A., McNab, J. and McCartney, E. (2004). A dose-response study with the feed enzyme β-mannanase in broilers provided with corn-soybean meal based diets in the absence of antibiotic growth promoters. Poultry Science. 83: 1992–1996. Jahanian, R. and Rahmani, H.R. (2008). The effect of dietary fat level on the response of broiler chicks to betaine and choline supplements. Journal of Biological Sciences. 8: 362–367. Jariyahatthakij, P., Chomtee, B., Poeikhampha, T., Loongyai, W. and Bunchasak, C. (2018). Effects of adding methionine in low-protein diet and subsequently fed low-energy diet on productive performance, blood chemical profile, and lipid metabolism-related gene expression of broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 97: 2021–2033. Kamran, Z., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M., Nadeem, M.A., Ahmad, S., Nawaz, H., Koutoulis, K., Sohail, M.U., Iqbal, Z. and Shahzad, M.I. (2016). Nutrients retention, nitrogen excretion, litter composition and plasma biochemical profile in broilers fed low crude protein diets with constant metabolizable energy to crude protein ratio. Archiva Zootechnica. 19: 77-89. Kamran, Z., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M., Nadeem, M.A., Mahmood, S., Babar, M.E. and Ahmed, S. (2008). Effect of low- protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty-five days of age. Poultry Science. 87: 468–474. Kamran, Z., Sarwar, M., Nisa, M.U., Nadeem, M.A. and Mahmood, S. (2010). Effect of low levels of dietary crude protein with constant metabolizable energy on nitrogen excretion, litter composition and blood parameters of broilers. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 12: 401–405. khan, J., Liboshi, Y., Cui, L., Wasa, M., Sando, k., Takagi, Y. and Okada, A. (1999). Alanyl-glutamine-supplemented parenteral nutrition increases luminal mucus gel and decreases permeability in the rat small intestine. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. 23: 24–31. Kobayashi, H., Nakashima, K., Ishida, A., Ashihara, A. and Katsumata, M. (2013). Effects of low protein diet and low protein diet supplemented with synthetic essential amino acids on meat quality of broiler chickens. Animal Science Journal. 84: 489–495. Laudadio, V., Passantino, L., Perillo, A., Lopresti, G., Passantino, A., Khan, R.U. and Tufarelli, V. (2012). Productive performance and histological features of intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens fed different dietary protein levels. Poultry Science. 91: 265–270. Leclercq, B. (1998). Specific of lysine on broiler production: comparison with theronine and valine. Poultry Science. 77: 118-123. Leeson, S. and Summers, J.D. (2005). Commercial Poultry Nutrition, third ed. Nottingham Univ. Press, Nottinghan, UK. Mohamed, E.A.A., Ali, O.H.A., Huwaida, Malik, E.E. and Yousif, I.A. (2012). Effect of season and dietary protein level on some haematological parameters and blood biochemical compositions of three broiler strains. International Journal of Poultry Science. 11: 787-793. NRC. (1994). Nutrients requirements of domestic animals. Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Research council, National Academy Press: Washington, DC. Nukreaw, R., Bunchasak, C., Markvichitr, K., Choothesa, A., Prasanpanich, S. and Loongyai, W. (2011). Effects of methionine supplementation in low protein diets and subsequent re-feeding on growth performance, liver and serum lipid profile, body composition and carcass quality of broiler chickens at 42 days of age. Journal of Poultry Science. 48: 229–238. Olthof, M.R. and Verhoef, P. (2005). Effects of betaine intake on plasma homocysteine concentrations and consequences for health. Current Drug Metabolism. 6: 15–22. Petronini, P.G., DeAngelis, E.M., Borghetti, P. and Borghetti, A.F. (1992). Modulation by betaine of cellular responses to osmotic stress. Journal of Biochemistry. 282: 69–73. Rozenboim, I., Mahato, J., Cohen, N.A. and Tirosh, O. (2016). Low protein and high-energy diet: a possible natural cause of fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome in caged White Leghorn laying hens. Poultry Science. 95: 612–621. SAS Institute. (2010). SAS OnlineDoc® Version 9.1.3. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, USA. Siyadati, S.A., Mirzaei-Aghsaghali, A. and Ghazvinian, K. (2011). Effect of varying ratio of energy and protein on live performance and viscera organs of male Japanese quail. Annals of Biological Research. 2: 137–144. Soltan, M.A. (2009). Influence of dietary glutamine supplementation on growth performance, Small intestinal morphology, immune response and some blood parameters of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science. 8: 60-68. Swain, B.K. and Johri, T.S. (2000). Effect of supplemental methionine, choline and their combinations on the performance and immune response of broilers. British Poultry Science. 41: 83-88. Swain, B.K. and Sundaram, R.N.S. (2000). Effect of different types of litter material for rearing broilers. British Poultry Science. 41: 261-262. Talebi, A., Asri-Rezaei, S., Raszeh- chai, R. and Sahraei, R. (2005). Comparative studies on haematological values of broiler starins (Ross, Cobbs, Acres and Avian). International Journal of Poultry Science. 4: 573-579. Thim, K.C., Hamre, M.L. and Coon, C.N. (1997). Effect of enviromental temperature, dietary protein and energy levels on broiler performance. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 6:1-17. Tufarelli, V., Desantis, S., Zizza, S., and Laudadio, V. (2010). Performance, gut morphology, and carcass characteristics of fattening rabbits as affected by particle size of pelleted diets. Archives of Animal Nutrition. 64: 373–382. Van Nevel, C.J., Decuypere, J.A., Dieric, N.A. and Moll, K. (2005). Incorporation of galactomannans in the diet of newly weaned piglets: Effect on bacteriological and some morphological characteristics of the small intestine. Archives of Animal Nutrition. 59: 123–138. Waldroup, P.W., Motl, M.A., Yan, F. and Fritts, C.A. (2006). Effects of betaine and choline on response to methionine supplementation to broiler diets formulated to industry standards. Journal of Applied Poultry Research. 15: 58–71. Wen, Z.G., Tang, J., Xie, M., Yang, P.L. and Hou, S.S. (2016). Effects of dietary methionine levels on choline requirements of starter white pekin ducks. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences. 29: 1742-1747. Yi, G.F., Allee, G.L., Knight, C.D. and Dibner, J.J. (2005). Impact of glutamine and oasis hatchling supplement on growth performance, small intestinal morphology, and immune response of broilers vaccinated and challenged with Eimeria maxima. Poultry Science. 84: 283–293. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 691 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 520 |
||